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Typological approach based on reaction time to letters and words in initial reading instruction
Harazinová, Radka ; Horák, Josef (advisor) ; Nikl, Jiří (referee) ; Wildová, Radka (referee)
The work maps the current tendencies, trends and researches in teaching of reading. It is perceived as skill, which is integral part of a broad complex of initial literacy. The aim of the work is to demonstrate type segmentation of pupils. Their basic orientations of reading learning can be distinguished by individualized approach and subsequently they are allowed to use their own abilities and small differences to their personal advantage. Type distinguishing is performed through measurement of response times to letters and words. A software program, the verification of which is also a part of the work, has been created for this purpose. The method of natural experiment was chosen for assessment of efficiency of typological approach. Key words: initial reading - literacy - primary literacy - primary education - preprimary education - school maturity, readiness - development learning disorders - methods of teaching of reading.
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The Influence of a Foreign Language on the Communication in the Bilingual Teaching of Mathematics
Ernyeiová, Jana ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Pokorná, Věra (referee) ; Nýdl, Václav (referee)
This work refers to the topic of bilingual mathematics education. It is focused on monitoring the communicational influences of teacher's and pupil's language, categorization of the disturbing effects and possibilities, how the teacher should prepare for them and how to solve them. A significant role plays the reflection of the teacher, as the results were done on the basis of action research during teaching in England, Germany and the Czech Republic. The teaching was realized in a second language as well for the teacher as for the pupils. The teacher was at the same time experimenter as well as author of this work. The theoretical part results from dealing with scientific literature about bilingualism, bilingual education, methodology of CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), relations between first language, language of mathematics and the foreign language. In the practical part an analysis of lessons performed in mathematics with the subject of probability is carried out. The teaching was focused on playing a game with dice and deciding whether the game is fair or not. The lessons were audio taped and transcriptions of the spoken language were made. An analysis of the language, teacher's mistakes, communicational interference, proportional relations on communication of the pupils and of the...
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Effective Instructional Strategies
Starý, Karel ; Walterová, Eliška (advisor) ; Janík, Tomáš (referee) ; Stuchlíková, Iva (referee)
The main aim of this work is to clarify the concept of educational effectiveness. In the theoretical part we first of all describe different conceptualizations of effectiveness. Then we focus on the "processual effectiveness" rather than the "result effectiveness" of the learning in lien with the Czech science literature. Searching for the optimal school instruction which engage student learning is the next step. We focus on three key factors and we try to explain their principles. In our concept an effective instruction arises when students understand and adopt the instructional objectives (setting objectives), learn actively (activity) and finally they reveal the meaning in the topic (meaningfulness). The qualitative factors mentioned above were put through the time factor and thus we tried to design a model o f the effective instruction. We identify five crucial stages of a lesson: setting objectives, activating prior knowledge, understanding the topic, retention of knowledge and concluding reflection. These stages create an effective learning cycle as a part of a learning spiral. For every stage we give some examples of particular instructional strategies and methods. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Diagnostics of selected preconceptions to the technical education of pupils 4. - 5. elementary school classes
KORBA, Kryštof
This diploma thesis deals with the issues and the diagnostics of preconceptions relating to technical education. The theory is focused on the process of learning, constructivist pedagogy, content of technical education for the first grade of primary schools and methods of data collection in educational research. In the practical part investigates grades of integration of preconceptions using questionnaires and cognitive maps. In the practical section provides information about the performed research, processing results and the conclusions drawn from them. The respondents were pupils of 4th and 5th grade of elementary school Nuselská in Havlíčkův Brod.
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Comparing of marketing school-books for high schools
TLAČILOVÁ, Jana
The majority of students, teachers, parents and also specialist cannot imagine the educational process without textbooks. This is very important also nowadays when the society is very influenced by electronic media progress. The aim of this work is to analyze and compare two marketing textbooks for high schools. The work is divided into two parts and further into chapters where I deal with concrete textbooks from theoretical consideration into practical application. Theoretical part of my work is mainly about textbooks their definition, function of textbooks, structural parts, standards for choice and also text learning, interconnection of the textbooks with Framework Educational Programme is also mentioned. Practical part of my work is dedicated into research and methods of evaluating textbooks. Chosen methods are applied onto two different marketing textbooks used at high schools and the results of evaluation are compared. This work is concentrated on the analysis property of textbooks with comparative method usage.
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Analysis of Quality of 'Teaching of the Tertiary Professional School and Raising its Level with Emphasis on Competence for Employment and Entrepreneurial Activities and Thinking in the Environment of the Tertiary Business Entrepreneutial School
Bejdáková, Blanka ; Asztalos, Ondřej (advisor) ; Krpálek, Pavel (referee) ; Šlosár, Rudolf (referee)
It has been the primary objective of this doctoral thesis to determine the level of the quality of teaching at a particular tertiary professional school and suggest avenues leading to potential further improvement of the quality of the teaching. Quality of teaching is a relatively broad term; therefore, the thesis places emphasis primarily on the level of the students' key competences, primarily the competence for employment and entrepreneurial activities. In order to fulfil this objective we need to define the quality standards of the teaching at tertiary professional schools, obtain relevant information about contents and structure of curricula, teaching methods and forms deployed at the school and also information about the students' level of knowledge and skills. Last but not least, students and their future employers should express their opinion of the quality of teaching. Scientific benefit of this thesis is the creation of my own model of quality evaluation of the teaching at tertiary technical schools, which in the future, after further verification in practice, could become a basis for elaboration of a uniform methodology for quality evaluation of the teaching at tertiary professional schools, particularly those with economic specialisation. The secondary scientific benefit of the thesis can be found in obtaining the information about contents and methods of education used at a particular economic tertiary professional school and utilisation of such information for development of key competences, with emphasis on the competence for employment and entrepreneurial activities. Results of the research may also serve as a basis for creation of the teaching and learning document for similar branches and also as a basis for decision-making as to whether and in which form should the integrating subject be included into the teaching. The objective of the thesis has been achieved by means of the research made at the Tertiary Business Entrepreneurial School (Vyšší obchodní podnikatelská škola), Masná 13, Prague 1. The research consists in analysis of the contents, method and forms of education at this school, and also in the experiment when an integrating subject is included into the teaching in the third grade. The final output is the recommendations and generalisations applying to tertiary professional schools in general, particularly to tertiary professional schools with economic specialisation. The thesis deals with the issue from two points of view, advancing from the general to the specific so that generally valid recommendations can be pronounced in the conclusion again. The first part of the thesis introduces general startpoints for the ensuing research task. It is subdivided into five chapters. The first chapter describes the subject and methodology of the research. The second chapter defines the significance of human capital for competitiveness of the Czech Republic. The third chapter summarizes the startpoints and tools of the school reform with emphasis on educational objectives in the area of students' key competences. The fourth chapter deals with the substance and tools of entrepreneurial education and thinking. The fifth chapter describes the history and the present of tertiary professional school education, suggesting its potential development in the future. The subsequent part containing the research itself is subdivided into three chapters. The sixth chapter characterises the Tertiary Business Entrepreneurial School, analysing its conditions for educating students, monitoring its competitors and defining its strong and weak points, its opportunities and threats. The seventh chapter contains the substance of the research task itself. The eighth chapter subsequently evaluates the results of the research, verifies the hypotheses and formulates recommendations applicable to tertiary professional schools in general.
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Diagnosis of Selected pre-Concepts Towards Technical and Scientifical Education of 4th Grade Pupils
MLÝNKOVÁ, Lenka
The graduation thesis is concerned with problems of chosen preconceptions from technical and scientific education. In the theoretic part the attention is focused on the topics related to the educational problems, constructivism, preconceptions, technical and scientific education in basic schools. Degree of structuralization of preconcepts was investigated by questionnaires in the investigative part. Unfinished sentences, assessment scales and cognitive maps are contained in these questionnaires. Into the investigative sample there were included pupils of fourth and fifth grade of the basic schools in cities Libáň and Jičín. Data about preconceptions and their structuralization were found out, processed and evaluated by the mentioned methods above (questionnaires and cognitive maps). These observed results are intended for quantitative and qualitative areas from technical and scientific education.
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