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Interaction Between Hyaluronan and Amphiphilic Molecules
Venerová, Tereza ; Burget, Ladislav (referee) ; Čeppan, Michal (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This work is focused on interaction between hyaluronan (Hya) and amphiphilic molecules. Using fluorescent probes method were carried out screening of the interaction of various surfactants with Hya. For further examination was chosen cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Interactions in this system have also been studied using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), and additionally were performed initial tests of the cytotoxicity of the system. As an alternative CTAB were also used hydrophobically modified amino acids. Results showed their self-aggregation, but their interactions with hylauronanem was not as strong as with CTAB. The interaction of gel systems Hya-CTAB have also been studied, and was found to contain a hydrophobic domain capable solubilize hydrophobic substance. Thermogravimetric have been established that are able to contain up to 98% wt. water and rheologically were characterized their mechanical properties. These are tunable due to molecular weight (MW) of the hyaluronate. With increasing value of MW increases mechanical strength of the gel and decreases its fluidity.
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X-ray beam hardening effect simulation
Šlof, Michael ; Balogh, Jaroslav (referee) ; Drastich, Aleš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis concerns itself with X-ray beam hardening effect simulation by filtering. The initial part introduces a theoretical background to the given topic. It is crucial to understand the underlying physical principles and laws prior to analysis so the X-ray radiation theory is introduced first. Units, quantities and an X-ray tube are also outlined as part of the X-ray theory. The practical part focuses on X-ray beam hardening effect simulation in programming language MATLAB. A strong emphasis is placed on parameter input, ease of operation and outcome analysis of the desired process as related to the X-ray beam hardening effect.
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Lischke, Robert ; Pafko, Pavel (advisor) ; Král, Vladimír (referee) ; Adamec, Miloš (referee)
Induction therapy in lung transplantation: initial single-center experience comparing daclizumab and anti-thymocyte globulin BACKGROUND: Acute and chronic rejection remain unresolved problems after lung transplantation, despite heavy multidrug immunosuppression. In turn, the strong immunosuppression has been responsible for mortality and pervasive morbidity. Because acute rejection is associated with inferior outcomes in lung transplantation, we have routinely employed anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), or daclizumab as adjuncts to reduce rejection. Daclizumab is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to the interleukin-2 receptor. METHOD: We performed a controlled clinical trial of these 2 therapies to determine differences in post-operative rejection, infection, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) and survival. 25 consecutive lung transplant patients received ATG (n = 12)(Group 1) and daclizumab (n = 13)(Group2) as induction agents. The groups had similar demographics and immunosuppression protocols differing only in induction agents used. RESULTS: No differences were observed in immediate post-operative outcomes such as length of hospitalization, ICU stay, or time on ventilators. No patient receiving daclizumab developed drug specific side-effects. There were no significant differences in the...
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Knowledge Discovery in MS SQL Environment
Pijáček, Roman ; Šebek, Michal (referee) ; Bartík, Vladimír (advisor)
This Bachelor's thesis deals with issue of knowledge discovery in databases in MS SQL Server 2008. After the initial entry into the field of knowledge discovery in databases, general principles and algorithms of used data mining methods (Bayesian classification, association rules, decision trees, cluster analysis) are explained in detail. In the practical part of this thesis there is designed, implemented and tested desktop application which allows the user to discover knowledge and hidden information from database. The application uses methods built into the SQL Server 2008 and the Apriori method for mining strong association rules. In the end, there are discussed further possible expansion of the existing project and an evaluation of the results.
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Mezníky vývoje WTO
Lukavská, Darina ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Zamykalová, Miroslava (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to describe crucial moments in the development of the WTO organization by focusing on key ministerial conferences and negotiations among influential members of this organization. The main goal is therefore to evaluate results and impacts of these ministerial conferences, to describe newly applied rules of international trade in selected trade areas and changes in the negotiation power among members of newly formed informal groups within the organization structures. The thesis is divided into four chapters, each of which describes a milestone which had a significant importance in the development of the WTO organization. The first chapter, called "The Uruguay round", is mainly focusing on the key initiators and players of the whole round of negotiations, on the results and impacts on further WTO development. The second chapter, called "The third ministerial conference in Seattle", is looking for the causes of the negotiations' failure and first strong disagreements among members which were notable since then. The third chapter , called "The fourth ministerial conference in Doha", is describing the process of the Doha negotiations by focusing on the crucial players, informal groups and on issues of the highest importance to most of the WTO members, i.e. trade in agricultural and nonagricultural products. The fourth chapter, called "The July package 2008", is analyzing the content of the proposed package. Even though the WTO members were able to reach conformity in some trade areas several crucial issues have remained unsolved which led to a collapse of the July negotiations and to a non-closure of the whole Doha round.
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Yeast as a tool in development of new antivirals
Dubská, Jitka ; Janderová, Blanka (referee) ; Mašek, Tomáš (advisor)
The increase of infectious chronic diseases is the main health problem of modern civilization. These diseases, which are spread both in developing as well as industrial countries, cause more than 59% of all life ends. Statistically, the most frequent infection is hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Incurable hepatic illnesses such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are the outcomes of the HCV infection and the liver transplantation is the only successful therapeutic option for the patients in industrial countries. It is estimated that about 170 million people worldwide are chronically infected with this virus. HCV is a small coated virus with single stranded RNA genome of positive polarity. Lots of research has been done since it was discovered twenty years ago but the efficient drug is still missing. There is a strong tendency to focus the research on searching for translation initiation inhibitors in last few years, because the whole life cycle of HCV, including RNA replication, new virions assembly etc., is dependent on translation products. Nowadays there is a small group of human proteins (so called ITAFs) known for up- or down-regulate HCV and other viruses translation initiation. It is believed, that this group is much more comprehensive. The aim of this diploma work was to construct yeast...
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Possibilities of physiotherapy methods of psoriatic arthritis
DROBNÁ, Martina
This bachelor thesis deals with the problems of psoriatic arthritis, which has chronic evolution among most cases and can lead to articular deformities in patients. This disease has an unclear pathogenesis conditioned by genetic, external and immunologic factors. It affects above all patients with type I psoriasis with emerging symptoms such as swellings with articular pains, morning stiffness and overall fatigue. PsA often shows positive antigen HLA B27, without presence of rheumatoid nodules and negative rheumatoid factor (Štolfa, 2012). PsA causes both physical handicap in patients and substantial disturbance of their social and psychical life. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part briefly outlines the anatomy of skin as well as structure and function of joints. Onward it describes psoriasis, its forms and methods of treatment. The next chapter explains the term arthritis and presents RA as an example. It is followed by detailed description of PsA, definition of the disease, its causes and occurrence, clinical picture and some therapy possibilities. In the practical part, the method of qualitative research was used, with participation of three female patients suffering from PsA. Therapy was initiated by input kinesiologic analysis, including specific examinations such as goniometric examinations of joints, grasp examinations, muscle palpation examinations and others. Patient appointments were held regularly each week for a period of eight-week therapy. On each appointment, previously applied therapy was consulted, exercises were repeated, possibly uncertainties were clarified. Each therapy lasted about 45 minutes, during which hypertonic muscles along with trigger points were relaxed according to specific patient issues. In the last session, output kinesiologic analysis was done and patients were informed about the importance of adhering to regimen measures. The results of the research clearly show overall posture improvement in all patients. A very substantial indicator of therapy success is noticeable reduction of swellings and pain, and hand function improvement. The therapy also focused on adjustment of faulty breathing stereotype manifesting itself with upper type, thereby causing overexertion of cervical spine muscles and frequent headaches. Strong emphasis was also put on activation of the transverse arch, which was collapsed in all patients. This bachelor thesis can be used in clinical practice of physiotherapists or as an educational material for patients.
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Biochemická a funkční charakterizace nového transmembránového adaptorového proteinu NVL
Vonková, Ivana ; Černý, Jan (referee) ; Brdička, Tomáš (advisor)
In T cells, signalling events initiated at the immunological synapse by T cell receptor (TCR) have been already thoroughly studied. In contrast, signalling pathways involved in MHCII-mediated signal transduction on the APC side of this structure are still rather poorly understood. Transmembrane adaptor proteins (TRAPs) are a class of proteins with an essential role in signalling triggered by TCR and other immunoreceptors. So far no TRAPs involved in MHCII signalling have been identified. In this work a new TRAP, highly enriched in the immunological synapse in APCs is described and termed Nvl. Nvl is expressed exclusively in professional antigen presenting cells - B cells, monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells, and the level of its expression positively correlates with the expression of MHCII. Nvl is present in tetraspanin microdomains and together with tetraspanins it is localized to the polarized structures of the cell, including uropod, cleavage furrow, and, most interestingly, the immunological synapse. The presence in the immunological synapse indicates possible role for Nvl in MHCII- mediated signal transduction. Indeed, Nvl becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated after stimulation via MHCII, although strong phosphorylation has also been observed after FcγR stimulation or treatment with...
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Symbolism in Ibn Sina's Work: Interpretation of Initiation Stories
Vitásková, Magdaléna ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Ostřanský, Bronislav (referee) ; Pirický, Gabriel (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to interpretate the stories The Living, son of the Vigilant, The Bird and Salaman and Absal, written by one of the greatest scholars of medieval Islamic East, Ibn Sina (980-1037). Unlike his philosophical and medical writings these stories have a different character and create a coherent narrative cycle. Based on their themes, narrative methods and symbolism they should be in my opinion called initiation stories. The main aim of this dissertation is thus to verify this hypothesis by means of the hermeneutic interpretation. These stories, read as a coherent cycle, show typical features of initiation genre: the hero can't find his way, his existential condition makes him desperate, he is consumed by strong desire for reaching a higher ontological degree, meets an initiator, goes through initiation rites of passage, crosses the border between the uninitiated and initiated space, reaches the final initiation through symbolic death. The interpretation of each of Ibn Sina's three writings reveals an inner coherence of the stories: The Living, son of the Vigilant focuses on the motive of an initiator-guide and the description of the stages on the initiation way leading upwards, The Bird tells in an emotional way about the state preceding the initiation and then concentrates on...
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Result/inference discourse connectives in academic texts
Tomešová, Klára ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Brůhová, Gabriela (referee)
The present thesis compares the use of result/inference discourse connectives in two corpora compiled by the author. The student corpus consists of 43 literary essays by Czech university students of English and American studies and the reference corpus contains 34 journal articles written by native expert writers. The main objective of the thesis was to determine to what extent students resemble professional writers in their use of result/inference connectives with respect to the frequency, position and scope of the connectives. The thesis revealed a strong overall overuse of result/inference connectives by students as well as overuse and underuse of individual connectives. It was also found that both types of writers generally prefer initial to non-initial placement of result/inference connectives; however, students more frequently use the connectives with the immediate scope.
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