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Relaxed rebalancing of binary search trees
Kříž, Martin ; Koubek, Václav (referee) ; Koubková, Alena (advisor)
In standard binary trees the rebalancing is carried out in connection with and immediately folowing the updates. Relaxed balancing allows to separate updates and rebalancing. First advantage of this approach is to keep the tree partially unbalanced and leave rebalancing to the different time when system is idle. Other great benefit of presented relaxed balancing algorithms in concurrent enviroment is necessity of keeping only small constant number of locks for modifying operations and thus allowing more modifying operations in the tree at the same time. The aim of this thesis is to empirically compare standard and relaxed variant of AVL tree in several different scenarios in concurrent enviroment according to number of data compares, number and type of rotations and according to the time requirements.
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Cooperation with incomplete monitoring
Caisl, Jakub ; Bauer, Michal (advisor) ; Červinka, Michal (referee)
We approach the topic of provision of public goods in an experimental economic study using the Public Goods Game setting. We allow subjects to punish each other but vary the structure and amount of information they can base their decisions upon. We try to add to the current literature on reciprocity and study whether people are willing to punish under such incomplete information. Since punishment under uncertain conditions can be quite destructive in terms of welfare, this closely relates to whether people are able to provide public good themselves or whether they need some external assistance. In terms of public policy, this can add to the debate on when should government provide certain services and when it should be left to individuals. In terms of behaviour inside of an enterprise, our study could be well applied to problems that arise when teams work on a common project but some people free-ride on effort of others.
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Reference gene selection for mRNA quantification in Haemonchus contortus
Růžičková, Michaela ; Matoušková, Petra (advisor) ; Zemanová, Lucie (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Michaela Růžičková Supervisor: Ing. Petra Matoušková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Reference gene selection for mRNA quantification in Haemonchus contortus Haemonchus contortus is a parasitic nematode, whose multiresistance to ant- helmintics means global problem, threatening mostly small ruminants farming. Genom and transcriptom have been published in 2013, allowing gene expression studies to be conducted. Reference genes for this studies have not been validated yet. Use of suitable reference genes is essential for accurate normalization of gene expression levels. Aim of this work was to identify and validate potential reference genes for gene expression studies in H. contortus adults. Eleven genes were chosen, stability of their expression was assessed in males and females of two H. contortus strains, one drug-susceptible (ISE) and one multi-drug-resistant (WR). Total RNA was extracted and reverse trancribed to cDNA. cDNA was diluted and analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR with SYBR Green I detection. Expression stability was evaluated by computer programs BestKeeper, geNorm, NormFinder and the comparative CT method. Ncbp, ama, sodc, gapdh and farb were found to be most stable...
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Reduction of radiation exposure by the use of the fluoroscopic spinal navigation system during the transpedicular screw placement of the lumbal spine.
ŠRŮTKOVÁ, Eva
RADIATION EXPOSURE REDUCTION BY THE USE OF FLUOROSCOPIC NAVIGATION IN TRANSPEDICULAR INSTRUMENTATION OF THE LUMBAR SPINE SUMMARY The topic of this thesis is a comparison of radiation exposure during standard fluoroscopy and navigated transpedicular instrumentation of the lumbar spine, in compliance with standard techniques and accuracy of screw placement. Material and the Method: A group of 60 patients, divided into two equal groups, was statistically processed. In the first group 1.9 lumbar spine segments were stabilized. The patients´ average age was 60.8 years (from 35 to 75 years). Screws were inserted transpedicularly under the X-ray image intensifier navigation. In the second group stabilization of 1.8 segments was performed on average. The average age was 61.1 years (from 38 to 75 years). The screws were inserted postoperatively by using 2D fluoroscopic navigation technique (VectorVision, BrainLAB, Germany). The duration of skiascopy was collected from the X-ray image intensifier and recorded for each surgery (with navigation and without). The measured values were compared with each other. In both groups the screw positioning was checked continuously according to the rules defined by Learch, Acikbas and Whitecloud in the anteroposterior and lateral projection by meticulous pedicle palpation Results: The radiation exposure was calculated to one vertebra (2 screws) in both groups. In the second (navigated) group the radiation exposure time was significantly shorter (3.4 s) than in the first (standard) group (14.4 s). The mean duration of data registration was 6.0 minutes (range 3 to 11 minutes). The mean ratio according to Acikbas's calculation method was 43.2 % (range 32 % to 74 %) in the first group and 44.1% (range 35% - 76%) in the second group. The mean exposure dose of the first group was 243 ?G/m2 and 138 ?G/m2 in the second group. Exposition doses are smaller by 105 ?G/m2 in the second group Conclusion: Based on the results, the hypothesis that navigation allows the same accuracy of pedicle screws insertion while reducing radiation exposure of the patients and the operating room staff to about ? can be confirmed. This reduction is more pronounced in multiple-level spinal stabilizations and in the centers for spinal surgeries, where numerous spinal instrumentations are performed every day.
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Reconstruction of the Přízřenice weir at the Svratka river
Trněný, Michal ; Roth, Tomáš (referee) ; Julínek, Tomáš (advisor)
The Diploma Thesis deals with the design of rekonstruction of the controlled weir ´´Prizrenice“ on the river Svratka to a new gate weir structure. The first part focuses on teoretical intro and the processing of data on the area of interest and the selection of appropriate design solution for the reconstruction of the weir, where there are described several types of movable gate. As a part of sollution, there will be design of small hydro power station. At the end of this part the current condition of the buildings and the channel of the Svratka river in the area of interest is evaluated. In the second part, the Thesis deals with the design of the gate weir structure and its subsequent assessment. At first, the solid substructure and the height of the gate is designed and assessed. Subsequently, the stilling basin is designed and in conclusion, the overall stability of the designed structure is assessed.
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Fiscal Policy Rules
Prušvic, David ; Izák, Vratislav (advisor) ; Mandel, Martin (referee) ; Žák, Milan (referee)
Předkládaná práce zachycuje komplexnějším způsobem problematiku fiskálních pravidel, včetně vybraných v realitě používaných typů, s cílem přispět na základě analýzy současného stavu fiskálních rámců v Evropské unii a v České republice k diskusi o volbě vhodného fiskálního pravidla pro české veřejné finance a českou ekonomiku. Stěžejní typy fiskálních pravidel byly komparovány jednak vzájemně, jakožto i ve vztahu k osmi fundamentálním atributům ideálního fiskálního pravidla. Pozornost byla rovněž věnována chování pravidel v rámci hospodářského cyklu. Ze srovnávaných pravidel bylo celkově nejlépe hodnoceno pravidlo výdajové. Jelikož primárním fiskálním rámcem po české veřejné finance je Pakt stability a růstu, byla spolu s Maastrichtskými fiskálními kritérii hodnocena jeho účinnost. Metodou pro hodnocení byla vybrána panelová regresní technika nejmenších čtverců s fixními efekty. Výsledek ekonometrické verifikace potom naznačil, že pravidlo Paktu účinné skutečně bylo, avšak že je funkční pouze tehdy, je-li skutečně vynutitelné (citelná ztráta z nečlenství v ?euro klubu?). Další část práce se teoreticky věnujeme otázce koordinace politiky fiskální a měnové. Analýza se ubírá směrem malých otevřených ekonomik cílujících míru inflace s deficitním omezením, čili k problematice relevantní pro českou ekonomiku. Sestavujeme tak teoretický model, kterým ukazujeme, jak tyto dva stěžejní elementy hospodářské politiky reagují na chování druhé autority sledujíce svůj zájem vyjádřený tzv. ztrátovou funkcí příslušné autority a kdy je možné dosáhnout bodu stálého stavu v prostoru nástrojů měnové a fiskální politiky. Řešíme rovněž otázku koordinace těchto dvou makropolitik po vstupu české ekonomiky do společného měnového prostoru a pomocí dedukce pak z nastolených premis modelu usuzujeme na důležitost fiskálního pravidla v malých ekonomikách pro jejich ?zdravý? fiskální vývoj. Na závěr práce syntetizujeme získané poznatky a vyvozujeme patřičné závěry pro českou hospodářskou politiku, které ústí do návrhu vlastního, resp. modifikace, fiskálního pravidla vhodného pro české veřejné finance v kontextu evropského Paktu stability a růstu.
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The theory of redistribution and its application
Mihalčinová, Hana ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Valenčík, Radim (referee) ; Peško, Štefan (referee)
The theory of redistribution systems is a practical extension of a game theory, which deals with a redistribution within a social system of more than two players with di?erent performances and ability to create coalitions. This thesis is divided into three chapters. The ?rst chapter describes the known knowledge of a game theory. The second chapter deals with the theory of redistribution systems. Using an elementary redistribution system and its generalization group behaviour when dividing a payment, achieved by a collective performance, is described. This part introduces the extension of the redistribution system to a compound redistribution system with a fractal structure. Furthermore the theory of discriminatory equilibrium and the theory of commonly acceptable equilibrium are veri?ed using the elementary redistribution system and utility theory. The third chapter deals with an application to the allocation of funds among faculty departments. A game theory approach was used to reduce the game to a non-cooperative game of two players by using the forming of coalitions. Also the theory of redistribution systems was applied when a reduction was used to create a non-cooperative two-player game. This reduced non-cooperative game between two players was converted to a cooperative play of more than two players by changing the rules of the game and allowing a formation of coalitions. In the practical part both of these approaches are compared with real data and a current state.
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Possibilities of cognitive development in preschool children
Černá, Klára ; Krykorková, Hana (advisor) ; Volf, Petr (referee)
This thesis aims to create an elementary task situation for preschool children, which would allow the development of cognitive functions and facilitate the child's understanding of relationships and connections between objects and phenomena. Task situation also reflects the wider social and cultural context where the process of learning and cognition takes place. Preschool age is a period when shaping the personality of the child and his cognitive apparatus necessary for preparation for school and future life.
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