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The role of international non-governmental organizations in the protection of human rights
Andrlová, Kristýna ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (referee) ; Honusková, Věra (advisor)
The role of international non-governmental organisations in protection of human rights Summary The aim of this master thesis is to provide a systematic insight into the legal status and the role of international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) in protection and promotion of human rights in international law. By means of that, the thesis seeks to answer the question whether the current legal status of INGOs is favourable both for the INGOs themselves and their counterparts at the international level, mainly the states and international governmental organisations. Divided into three parts, the thesis is focused first on the legal definition of INGOs and their legal status in international relations, together with a depiction of their main functions. The illustration of the legal status of INGOs is oriented mainly on the legal regulation within the United Nations and the Council of Europe, two international bodies with the most developped cooperation strategy with INGOs. The theoretic part serves to demonstrate the contrast between a weak formal position and rather informal role of INGOs in international law, which is yet getting more and more important, mainly in the area of protection and promotion of internationally recognised human rights. The second part is a case study of the tendencies mentioned...
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Domestic violence - namely criminal and criminalogical aspects
Cihlářová, Jana ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee) ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor)
The aim of my thesis is to describe the issue of domestic violence from its criminal, legal and criminological perspective as suggested by the title. The thesis consists of three chapters (introduction, main body and conclusion). The second chapter is subdivided into four chapters dealing with general theoretical knowledge of domestic violence, stalking, opportunities of criminal law and its application in situations of domestic violence, and finally protection against domestic violence provided by other legal branches (offense law, police law and in particular law on Protection against Domestic Violence - Law No 135/2006 Coll.). Domestic violence is a highly dangerous social phenomenon, gaining attention of society and in particular of the Law only in the last few years, although it has always interfered with fundamental human rights. Generally accepted definition of domestic violence does not exist. The definition which in my opinion best captures specific features of domestic violence says that "domestic violence is a repeated, long-term, escalating violent behavior (of physical, psychological, sexual, social or economic nature) from a close person which raises fear in the person at risk and leads to a stable division of roles of a person violent and vulnerable." Such conduct occurs in all social strata,...
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French holocaust literature: testimonies on (not) experienced
Machovská, Veronika ; Jamek, Václav (referee) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor)
The World War II represents a huge turning point in the modern history of humankind. Its particularity, which consists first of all in the system of concentration camps and the genocide of Jewish people, caused the creation of a new literary genre - the Holocaust literature. The objective of this thesis is to present this specific genre, its origins and evolution in France, as well as its most important French authors. The first part of the thesis tries to elucidate some of the particular aspects of this literature. It speaks not only about the influence of history and evolution of the postwar society on this genre or about questions that are closely associated with it, but also about the difficulty to define the holocaust literature itself. From a number of definitions that exist, we have chosen for the purposes of this thesis the one that includes all the texts on the concentration camps and the Holocaust (even the fictional ones) under the condition that they have an artistic, literary quality. The second part of the thesis presents an overview of the evolution of the French Holocaust literature and its writers. We speak about the authors of the first generation (mostly the survivors, for example Robert Antelme, David Rousset, Elie Wiesel or Charlotte Delbo) as well as about the authors of the second...
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A teacher as a victim of violence
Tomášek, Jan ; Pelikán, Jiří (advisor) ; Černíková, Vratislava (referee) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis is focused on violence against teachers. It is a broadly discussed topic because of several cases of teachers assaulted by a student in the Czech Republic or abroad, sometimes with fatal consequences. Usually there is an opinion that youth violent behaviour is on increase and therefore educational profession is becoming a risk one. The thesis suggests there is some kind of distortion in sources of such information which such opinions are based on. It relates both to news coverage and crime statistics. There is also a problem to define violence or aggressive behaviour. Moreover, we should consider them in a close relation to the work of a teacher, ideally as a type of so called workplace violence. The thesis explores causes of violence against teachers. Not only with respect to perpetrator but also regarding the victim and his or her behaviour or specific features typical for interaction between teachers and students. Empirical research is the most important source of relevant information related to the extent and patterns of violence against teachers. Unfortunately, there are only few studies focused on the problem. This is the reason why the discussion of the problem is usually based on guesswork or speculations but not on the real knowledge. The author of the thesis tries to summarize outcomes...
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Greeting formulae in peripheral Akkadian
Mynářová, Jana ; Zemánek, Petr (advisor)
V jazykovém i historickém kontextu syropalestinské oblasti v pozdní dobe bronzové predstavují akkadsky psané dopisy zcela samostatný a intenzivne pojednávaný fenomén. Nedílnou soucástí techto textu jsou pak jejich úvodní pasáže tvorené adresou a zdravicí. S výjimkou mezinárodních smluv, které jsou však doloženy až z druhé poloviny tohoto období, tvorí práve dopisy jeden z hlavních pramenu našeho poznání jazykové situace i kulturne-historického vývoje tohoto regionu v 15.-12. století pr. n. l. Zde poprvé se v historickém vývoji akkadského jazyka objevuje v relativne standardizované podobe formální clenení dopisu. Ješte ve starobabylónském období je tato stránka dopisu pomerne jednoduchá a nevariabilní - vzorový dopis je tvoren výhradne jednoduchou adresou, jejíž odraz nacházíme i v námi zkoumaném korpusu textu (viz dále), která je bezprostredne následována vlastním sdelením. Ostatní, dobre známé floskule, jakými jsou projevy bezvýhradné poslušnosti a podrízenosti ve vztahu k nadrízené osobe, prípadne projevy prání všeho dobrého, zde nejsou zastoupeny. Jiste, v souvislosti se starobabylónskými dopisy hovoríme o textech z oblasti, kterou v tomto historickém období mužeme považovat za centrální a pisateli dopisu tak byli zejména rodilí mluvcí príslušného jazyka. Nicméne i obdobná korespondence pocházející ze...
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Thermal Contact Resistance Under High Temperature
Kvapil, Jiří ; Návrat, Tomáš (referee) ; Brestovič, Tomáš (referee) ; Horský, Jaroslav (advisor)
Nowadays numerical simulations are used to optimize manufacturing process. These numerical simulations need a large amount of input parameters and some of these parameters have not been sufficiently described. One of this parameter is thermal contact resistance, which is not sufficiently described for high temperatures and high contact pressure. This work describes experimental measuring of thermal contact resistance and how to determine thermal contact conductance which can be used as a boundary condition for numerical simulations. An Experimental device was built in Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Laboratory, part of Brno University of Technology, and can be used for measuring thermal contact conductance in various conditions, such as contact pressure, initial temperatures of bodies in contact, type of material, surface roughness, presence of scales on the contact surface. Bodies in contact are marked as a sensor and a sample, both are embedded with thermocouples. The temperature history of bodies during an experiment is measured by thermocouples and then used to estimate time dependent values of thermal contact conductance by an inverse heat conduction calculation. Results are summarized and the dependence of thermal contact conductance in various conditions is described.
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Study of Electrophysiological Function of the Heart in Experimental Cardiology
Ronzhina, Marina ; Tyšler, Milan (referee) ; Halámek, Josef (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
Srdeční poruchy, jejichž příkladem je ischemie myokardu, infarkt, hypertrofie levé komory a myokarditida, jsou v experimentální kardiologii obvykle studovány na modelu izolovaného srdce. Kritéria pro detekci srdečních poruch však nejsou pro zvířecí modely standardizována, což komplikuje srovnání a interpretaci výsledků různých experimentálních studií. Obzvlášť složitá situace nastává při současném výskytu několika patologických jevů, jejichž vzájemná součinnost komplikuje rozpoznání jejich individuálních účinků. Korektní posouzení stavu srdce vyžaduje také zohlednění mnoha faktorů spojených s akvizicí dat. Tato práce je věnována kvantitativnímu hodnocení elektrofyziologických změn způsobených globální ischemií myokardu. Vliv ischemie byl hodnocen pro fyziologická srdce a srdce se zvětšenou levou komorou a dále pro srdce nabarvená napěťově-citlivým barvivem di-4-ANEPPS. Přestože jsou oba fenomény často zastoupeny v animálních studiích, nebyl dosud popsán jejich vliv na manifestaci ischemie v elektrogramech (EG), ani nebyl kvantifikován jejich vliv na přesnost detekčních algoritmů pro identifikaci ischemie. Práce shrnuje kvantitativní změny srdeční funkce vyvolané ischemií (v normálních podmínkách, při hypertrofii levé komory, a při administraci barviva) založené na hodnocení EG a VKG parametrů. Dále práce obsahuje rozbor důležitých aspektů akvizice záznamů, jako je umístění snímacích elektrod, způsob výpočtu deskriptorů z EG a VKG (s použitím výsledků manuálního rozměření záznamů, nebo bez něj) a identifikace okamžiku vývoje ischemie v preparátu. Nedílnou součást práce tvoří návrh, realizace a ověření metod pro automatickou detekci ischemie v experimentálních záznamech. Výsledky práce dokazují, že dosažení opakovatelných a věrohodných výsledků je podmíněno zohledněním všech výše uvedených faktorů souvisejících jak se stavem srdce, tak s metodikou záznamu a analýzy dat.
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Maturity mismatching and its impact on the yield curve
Němec, Petr ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with a new discord in the Austrian economic theory about the effects of maturity mismatching practiced by banks on the shape of the yield curve and defines the not yet established concept of the natural yield curve. The conflicting contributions of Austrian authors are compared for that purpose. Based on this comparison, a coherent theory of the effects of maturity mismatching is presented in a framework of the loanable funds market. A definition of the natural yield curve is then produced by a synthesis of the above-mentioned findings and the Austrian theory of the natural rate of interest. Theoretical research leads to the conclusion that one form of maturity mismatching inevitably results in an Austrian business cycle. The empirical section examines the question of yield curve´s behavior under the influence of maturity mismatching. An explanation concerning the selected hypotheses and their lack of confirmation is given.
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Evaluation of community service from the viewpoint of employers
BLAŽKOVÁ, Veronika
Unemployment, particularly if long-term, represents a serious economic and social problem, which brings along negative effects on the unemployed individual, his/her family and the society as a whole. This unfavorable situation may be addressed by a pro-active employment policy through its tools. One of the tools is the community service. I have selected Evaluation of community service from the viewpoint of employers as the subject of my thesis as it is very topical and it has not been explored by student works at our faculty. The objective of the thesis was to map opinions of employers about community service as one of the tools of the pro-active employment policy. Another objective of the thesis was to compare different levels of unemployment in the regions of České Budějovice and Havlíčkův Brod. In the theoretical part I focused on the national employment policy and on the community service in detail. Further, I covered the significance of work for the individual, unemployment and its economic and social consequences. In order to achieve the outlined objective and to confirm the set hypotheses I used a quantitative research, specifically a questionnaire survey among selected employers in the regions of České Budějovice and Havlíčkův Brod. As a complementary method I performed a secondary analysis of the data. The hypothesis ``Community service may help to find prospective employment for problem categories of job applicants `` has been confirmed; the hypothesis ``Community service is used more in regions with a poor situation on the labor market `` has not been confirmed. The thesis proposes potential solutions of problems and shortcomings, based on the evaluation of community service from the viewpoint of employers. The conclusions of the thesis may also serve as a feedback for Employment Offices as the administrative authorities that conclude agreements with employers about creation of jobs in community services and provide financial contributions to the employers for such jobs within the pro-active employment policy.
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Analyse of services of Tourism in Sokolovsko
BJALONČÍKOVÁ, Vlasta
This work analyses the development of tourism in the southern part of Sokolovsko region, which is known only as a mining district. The work proposes suggestions of possible innovations for tourism. Purpose of work was to find out if the area has the potential necessary for tourism development. Nowadays trends are entertainment, healthy lifestyle and discovering new things. Sokolovsko makes use of only a small part of its potential. The area can establish its development on creation of associations, which will be connected in the way of positive feelings and then tourists will be interested in unrecognized locality. Questionnaire survey showed that the project Medard {--} water reservoir which is supposed to be number one in the region is more popular in the Czech Republic than any time before. In the past Sokolovsko was connected only with association of polluted countryside from mining of coal. It is very important to advertise and let people know more about Sokolovsko. Serious problem is almost zero existence of publications and information about the region in general. Sokolovsko should develop its sources and to present itself on expo like Holiday World, Go and Region Tour Brno. Last but not least this region should not forget about allocation into funds of EU.
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