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The question of Kosovo 1981-1999
Girgle, Patrik ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Václav (referee)
Do devadesátých let dvacátého století zůstávala tzv. Kosovská otázka známá pouze úzkému okruhu specialistů zabývajících se problematikou bývalé SFRJ či Balkánu obecně. Ačkoli v Jugoslávii Kosovo představovalo potenciálně a dlouhodobě nejnebezpečnější a nejkrizovější ohnisko napětí, nestability a konfliktu, do roku 1998 mu světová veřejnost, šokovaná brutalitou rozpadu Jugoslávie, nevěnovala pozornost. Původně nejvyspělejší a nejliberálnější socialistická země s největšími šancemi na vstup do evropských struktur se propadla do víru krvavých válek připomínající temná období zmatku během pomalého úpadku Osmanské říše na Balkáně. Ukončení bojů v Chorvatsku a Bosně a Hercegovině v roce 1995 na okamžik uchlácholilo mezinárodní společenství, aby je s ještě větší intenzitou probudilo v roce 1998, kdy vypukla neméně krutá válka v dosud přehlíženém Kosovu. Této malé a ztracené provincii se tak dostalo smutného vyznamenání stát se nejzávažnějším mezinárodně politickým problémem končícího dvacátého století. V této práci se zaměřuji na, pokud možno, komplexní analýzu Kosovské otázky v rámci soudobých a aktuálních děj in. Těžiště zkoumaného problému leží v letech 1981 až 1999. Výchozí datum jsem zvolil z titulu hmatatelného předělu, jímž je možno vymezit začátek současné krize. Rok 1999, kdy byla z Kosova odstraněna...
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Impact of national debt on the behaviour of households
Řehůřek, Tomáš ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
Do Czech households behave on the basis of Ricardian equivalence? Do we threaten the future of our children? These are the questions I want to solve in my thesis. I implemented the regression analysis on an annual and a quarterly data. Its results allow us to deny Ricardian equivalence (which is in violation of much foreign research), so we can agree with, so-called, traditional hypothesis. This means that macroeconomic consequence of society is: higher spend, than avaible product. The main criterion of these consequences is, whether borrowings are used to consume or to investments, complying with criterion of investment.
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Interspecific hybridization in birds: lessons for conservation
Štěpánková, Klára ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Vokurková, Jana (referee)
Interspecific hybridization is quite common in recent years. Favorable factors are rarity of a species, limited time for partner selection, misdirected preference in mating partner selection of females, preference for males with more pronounced sexually selected traits, greater body size and habitat destruction. Factors which lead to the artificially interspecific hybridization due to habitat destruction include deforestation, fragmentation of the territory, urbanization, abandoning agricultural areas, as well as translocation of species into the regions where they did not originally occur. These species can later interbreed with the native species and if the latter are rare and the former aggressive, it can result in increased threat potentially leading to extinction of indigenous populations. Exceptionally, interbreeding can lead to the emergence of a new species; however, this type of origination of a new species is not common in animals. Hybridization is a natural phenomenon important for the evolution. Nevertheless, anthropogenically induced or assisted hybridization represents a serious problem for the species conservation. Finding a solution to overcome the negative impacts of such interspecific hybridization is difficult and there is no exact and universally applied methodology to date. Key...
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The effects of different agro-technologies on the soil physical quality in selected localities in the South Moravian Region
Bažantová, Adéla ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
Farmland is being handled by various the tillage of soil especially for the correct course of soil processes, plant growth and development and of course profit. There are two types of the tillage of soil are their conventional (classical) which involves plowing and minimization tillage, where is excluded plowing. The last few decades, the development the tillage of soil focuses on minimization tillage. This includes loosing up small depth, soil conservation tillage and direct seeding. This thesis is aimed at impact of minimization tillage on selected physical and hydraulic properties of the soil. Sampling undisturbed soil samples was performed on the experimental plot Kozlany by Kopecky rollers (V = 100 cm3) from depth of 0 - 10 cm, during the year 2016. On this plot was used minimization tillage in the form loosing up small depth and direct seeding.
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Přínosy a problémy projektových mechanismů Kjótského protokolu
Moravcová, Lenka ; Šauer, Petr (advisor) ; Dvořák, Antonín (referee)
Tato práce se zabývá mechanismy čistého rozvoje (CDM) a projekty společné realizace (JI), které zavádí Kjótský protokol. Cílem práce je uvést do problematiky projektových mechanismů a jejich analýza. Oba projektové mechanismy práce rozebírá z hlediska tzv. projektového cyklu, struktury projektů, obchodování s emisními kredity (CER, ERU), alternativ. Kritéria zhodnocení projektových mechanismů jsou: plnění cílů vytyčených v Kjótském protokolu, přínosy pro životní prostředí, pro rozvojové a transformující se země, a dopad na náklady plnění závazků států. České Republice a její účasti v projektových mechanismech se práce věnuje v samostatné kapitole. Práce se také pokouší nalézt problémy, které provází realizaci těchto nástrojů.
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BIOFUELS - REASONS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ITS INTRODUCTION
Bogdanov, Igor ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Munzi, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis aims to analyze the economic and environmental consequences of the regulation to mandatorily blend bio-components into the fuel and prove its inefficiency. The theoretical part summarizes in detail the reasons of introducing the regulation, including the legislative framework, and generational evolution of biofuels. The analytical part uses statistical analysis of time series and price and efficiency indices to evaluate the effectiveness of biofuels in relation to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The impact of the introduction of biofuels on the economy is specified through fuel prices. The impact on engines as well as food prices and social environment is also mentioned.
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Support for small and medium-sized businesses in the Czech Republic in terms of reference networking- impact on income tax and newly established working positions in 2014
Pelikánová, Šárka ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Bartůsková, Lucia (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of support for small and medium-sized businesses in the Czech Republic focusing on one of the market-based forms of such support in terms of networking. Specifically, the work is aimed at reference networking, and describes it in detail using an example of its representative in the Czech market. Within its theoretical part, the work defines the concept of small and medium-sized business. Further it explains the concept of promoting entrepreneurship in terms of public and market support. In the framework of this distinction, examples of some of the forms of such support have been listed. On the example of Switzerland, local representative forms of public support of entrepreneurship have been presented and compared to those in the Czech Republic. Further, networking concept has been introduced, and some principles of its operation have been defined. Different kinds of networking have been described. In the practical part, functioning of reference networking in particular, has been described more in detail on the example of the company Business for Breakfast Česká republika s.r.o. Using a questionnaire survey among the members of this concept, its benefits for both the members of the concept, as well as for the state budget have been investigated. The analysed benefits are examined in terms of both budget revenues, as well as in terms of cost savings. Fields of business, for which reference networking seems to be most beneficial, have been mentioned. In the end, benefits of representative public forms of business support with reference marketing have been compared. The study has confirmed that reference networking is an effective form of market-based support for small and medium-sized businesses, and has a positive impact on both the state budget, as well as on creating a favourable business environment in the Czech Republic. Despite public forms of business, these benefits are demonstrable and measurable.
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Analysis of impact of Fundamental news on movement of index VIX
Koráb, Pavel ; Fičura, Milan (advisor) ; Vacek, Vladislav (referee)
The thesis investigates the impact of the fundamental news announcements on the movements of the VIX volatility index and the VIX Futures prices. The theoretical part of the thesis explains the construction of the VIX Index and the VIX Futures, describes the most important fundamental news for the US economy and presents a methodology for the modelling of the relationship between the news announcements and the VIX index movements with a simple linear regression model. In the empirical part of the thesis, we analyze the impact of 105 US fundamental news, from the Reuters Eikon database, on the VIX Index movements on theday of the news announcements as well as on the subsequent day. We find a strong relationship between the surprise component of the news and the VIX Index movements on the day of the news announcement, with the statistically significant news explaining 5-10% of the total return variance (for news with small number of observations up to 30-50%) on the announcement day. In the second part of the empirical study, simple trading system is proposed in order to utilize the possible impact of the economic news on the next-day (after announcement) returns of VIX futures in order to achieve speculative profits. Although the models seem to possess some limited out-sample profitability for some of the news, the results are for most of the cases statistically insignificant and the potential profits from the news trading seem to be relatively low.
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ITIL in small and medium business
Pelcman, Jan ; Říhová, Zora (advisor) ; Dvořák, Martin (referee)
Presented thesis aims at possibilities of implementation of the ITIL best practice at small and medium businesses. The main target is to prove that this methodology can be used not only in big companies, but also in small and medium business sector. First part defines the conception of small and medium business and its specificity. It is concerned with basic definitions, which are used in the main text, such as a service, process, best practice etc. It also demostrates the need of managing IT and some ways how to do it. The second part dwell on ITIL itself, it describes its characteristics, history, it also discusses purpose and content of each ITIL book with emphasis on service operation books. The third part is about deployment of ITIL in SMB, conditions and process of implementation and it proposes some essential processes for small and medium business IT. Also it defines benefits of deployment of ITIL, its limitations and barriers. The final part is concerned about Incident Management implementation in a particular company, it describes the state before and after the implementation. It describes software support tool for this process, its possibilities and costs. At the end of this part an employee survey demonstrates the benefits of the Incident Management process and the SW support tool. It shows resulting improvement of IT support perception among the management and employees of the company.
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Margins of Trade: Czech Firms Before, During and After the Crisis
Galuščák, Kamil ; Sutóris, Ivan
We investigate the extensive and intensive margins of trade of Czech firms in periods before, during and after the crisis of 2008–2009. The intensive margin explains most of the aggregate export growth in 2006–2014, which corroborates previous findings for other countries. The contribution of the extensive margin is smaller, explaining on average 39% of the aggregate export growth in 2006–2007 and around 25% to 30% of that in the post-crisis period. The lower contribution of the extensive margin may signal a lower rate of convergence of the Czech economy. The results indicate that the crisis had a more severe impact on small exporting firms and that exports to countries outside the EU gained more prominence in the post-crisis years. Our results are similar to findings from previous studies on the impact of participation in global value chains on firms’ trade. Specifically, a more negative impact of the crisis was observed for exports with higher import intensity. Overall, our results point to the importance of using disaggregated data in the analysis of countries’ export performance.
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