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Dissent after 1989. The use of Pierre Bourdieu's theory of habitus change on the example of selected post-dissent organizations
Benetková, Eva ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
The thesis of Dissent after 1989. The use of Pierre Bourdieu's theory of habitus change on the example of selected post-dissent organizations deals with the topic of dissent after 1989 and his subsequent life and influence in the Czech society after 1989. The theme of the post-dissent is conceived through a qualitative the research of organizations whose activity is based on the legacy of dissent or refers to its activities. With the help of the research design of instrumental case studies, the following organizations are organized: Charter 77 Foundation, Václav Havel Library, Babylon, Libri prohibiti. The monitored themes are the development of the organization's relationship towards disentanglement, the dissent reflection in the current activities of the organization, and how the organization communicates these themes towards the public. The theoretical part of the thesis outlines the issues of dissent and post-dissent, which are further embedded in the post-communist transition and presentation of the methodology of qualitative studies. In the second part of the case studies of the above mentioned organizations. I outline their focus and development towards dissent. The last part is an analysis of this development through the theoretical concepts of habitus change of Pierre Bourdieu. The aim is...
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The become of pilgrim: Pilgimage as a proces of the construction of pilgim body
Picková, Tereza ; Spalová, Barbora (advisor) ; Kotyk, Lukáš (referee)
This work focuses on analysis of Europe's most massive pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela, which I use as a case study to show how contemporary pilgrims understand their experience. Through the analysis of interviews with 9 other pilgrims and my own auto- ethnographic diary with a strong dose of reflexivity I want to show that pilgrimage can be understood as a process of constructing a pilgrim body. To gain such form of habitus, or in other words "to become a pilgrim", is achieved through several different strategies, such as walking, socialising, solitude, separation (from everyday life), asceticism, and others. This experience results in a form of gained habitus, or a technique of the body (Mauss 1968) which can be learnt and used in everyday life after the pilgrimage ends. Pilgrim body is then a complex skill, consisting of physical, psychical, spiritual and social dimension, each describing different aspect of the pilgrimage itself, all embodied in the physical body of a pilgrim. Through such approach I want to show, that we might understand pilgrimage as a form of physical experience with transcendental overlap, focused mainly on individual progress, but constructed together in friendly communitas of pilgrims, described by Victor Turner in his classic study (Turner 2004). Usage of these...
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Crossfit Body, Habiitus and Lifestyle
Malíková, Gabriela ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Kotík, Michal (referee)
This paper is concern on defining the term "habitus" within crossfit. Crossfit is new sport phenomena which is differently accepted in sport society. It can be supposed that due to its specifics crossfit is attracive for specific group of people and crossfit can be considered as a part of style aferwards. The theoretic part is based on assumptions of Marcel Mauss, who defined habitus as aspects of culture which are embodied to body throw daily practiques and resulted in acquired abilities, Pierre Bourdieu, who connected habitus with terms as capital, social field and style, and Loic Wacquant, who added the dimenstion of bodily capital, which concrete form can be seen as projection of culture values. By way of enthnography, and followng interviews these research questions are supposed to be answered: How does crossfit habitus look like? How is reproduced? Which life style can be associated with crossfit? How can be crossfiters characterized in social space?
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Social bodies within queer enterprise
Sagačová, Markéta ; Heřmanský, Martin (advisor) ; Wolfová, Alžběta (referee)
The thesis strives for the anthropological interpretation of the body within queer enterprise. It tries to capture, interpret and understand the processes that form human bodies in this enterprise, in this thesis called Osvěžovna. Osvěžovna can be considered a certain social field within the queer habit is manifested; and as it truned out some sort of "friendly" habit too. With regard to the research landscape and research questions, the main research method is qualitative - participant observation. The main theoretical concept is the division of the cultural dimension of the human body into three structural levels according to Soukup and Balcer. This structure affects the division of thesis itself, which gradually deals with the techniques of the use of the human body and the ways in which the human body in Osvěžovna is modified; the way the human body is disciplined there; and what cultural significance can be found in Osvěžovna. This division is supplemented by the level of consumption. In conclusion are these findings summarized and there is also confirmation that these structural levels of the human body are very often intertwined. That points the integrity of the body culture system in Osvěžovna. Key words body; queer; anthropology; discipline; habitus
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Between Dark Green and Grey: A Research of Alumni of the Department of Social and Cultural Ecology Programme on Faculty of Humanities, Charles University
Hron, Adam ; Kuřík, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Orcígr, Václav (referee)
This research paper is a study of the alumni of the Department of Social and Cultural Ecology Programme on Faculty of Humanities, Charles University (or "SKE"). The research is grounded in Bourdieu's reflexive sociology. In Bourdieu's terms, it studies the habitus of the SKE alumni in relation to the field of SKE. Inspired by Wacquant's carnal sociology, I do not put myself in the classical ethnographic position of "a researcher amongst bushmen": I am one of those I study. The main method used for studying the field of SKE was the observant participation of Loïc Wacquant. In the second part of the research, a questionnaire in combination with qualitative methods was used to identify the habitus of the alumni. As a result of the research, the field of SKE was described and basic contours of habitus were identified. With regards to reflexive sociology demands, a straight ethnographic confrontation of respondents would have to be conducted in order to identify the precise parameters of habitus. Therefore, I present the actual results as mere portal to a future enquiry. Key words: Alumni, Social and Cultural Ecology, milieu, habitus, reflexive sociology, carnal sociology.
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Gastronauts of Eastern Europe: Experiencing and Digesting Luxury Gastronomy in the Czech Republic
Hajdáková, Iveta ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Balon, Jan (referee) ; Eyal, Gil (referee)
This dissertation is based on a research of luxury gastronomy conducted in two luxury restaurants in Prague. The main focus of analysis is on gastronomic experience as an affective commodity and a vehicle of social, economic and political transformation. The study examines how affect is produced, commodified and how value is generated in luxury "experiential gastronomy." It also analyzes the role of affect in transformation of individuals, the society, consumption practices, entrepreneurial practices, and labor. It shows how experts on gastronomy educate the public on appropriate consumption practices and eating habits. Eating and dining serve as "technologies of the self" (Rose 2004) through which individual and social health and well-being are achieved. Cultivated affect becomes a vehicle of the "purification from socialism" (Eyal 2003) and also plays an important part on the formation of ethical consumer and citizen (Muehlebach 2011). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Social Construction of Species superiority
Klicnar, Filip ; Vandrovcová, Tereza (advisor) ; Balon, Jan (referee)
This thesis charts the social construction of species superiority in the Euro-Atlantic civilizational area. The goal is to describe the process of construction of this superiority and simultaneously to describe the impact of it. The beginning of the species superiority was domestication of the wild animals. Second defining moment was the transition from a traditional into industrial society, in which the animals where materialized and considered to be an object in trading relationships, as well as the belief in legitimate use of animals for economic purposes in the society. This belief is thoroughly irrational. Throughout the process of reality construction the society begun to perceive the given status as natural and right. In order to escape the question of ethical contradiction it has crowded out the negative aspects of that reality from the perception of its members, in which some psychological mechanisms are helping individuals to escape the reality. The final chapter of this thesis charts the conditions that have made the Holocaust possible and on which our modern rational-economic system lays ground. These conditions are being preserved in the "nature" of the economic system itself.
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Between Text and Context. The Theory of the Literary field and Cultural Materialism as Models of Meditation
Šebek, Josef ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee) ; Merhaut, Luboš (referee)
Between Text and Context: The Theory of the Literary Field and Cultural Materialism as Models of Mediation Josef Šebek, Mgr. Abstract In his dissertation Between Text and Context: The Theory of the Literary Field and Cultural Materialism as Models of Mediation the author deals with the problem of mediation between literary text and its social context. He focuses on two important contemporary context- oriented approaches to literature: the theory of literary field, developed by Pierre Bourdieu, and cultural materialism, first formulated by Raymond Williams and further elaborated by Alan Sinfield and Jonathan Dollimore. He interprets these two theories as basic, mutually complementary models of mediation: the theory of literary field presupposes the existence of a (semi-)autonomous literary micro-world, whereas cultural materialism stresses the full integration of the literary text into the social context, the "social material process" (Williams). After an introduction outlining the problem, the author concentrates on Bourdieu's theory of the literary field, his "new science of works," and on contemporary post-Bourdieusian approaches (those of Alain Viala, Anna Boschetti, Jacques Dubois, Gisèle Sapiro, Pascale Casanova, Bernard Lahire, Jérôme Meizoz, Geoffroy de Lagasnerie) which employ, develop, and modify...
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Obesity in the light of socio-economic inequalities
Bičíková, Kateřina ; Čada, Karel (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
Obesity, being one of the most crucial health problems, affects an increasing part of the world population as it has severe health, social, psychological and economic consequences. Its main cause lies in today's obesogenic environment characterised by a passive lifestyle, easy access to energy- dense foods and their aggressive marketing strategies. Because of significant changes in both production and consumption, it is not possible to blame obesity merely on individual lifestyle choices. An important feature of today's obesity epidemic is its uneven distribution. Obesity prevalence is besides other things determined by education, income, gender, family status and age. Analysis of available data showed that also in the Czech Republic the occurrence of obesity has been increasing and the number of overweight and obese people is higher than the number of people with normal weight. The assumption that there be higher prevalence of excess weight among men was confirmed, however, the expected higher prevalence of obesity among women was disproved; both genders suffer from obesity equally, yet the tendency towards obesity increases more significantly among men. The hypothesis about negative dependence of education, income and BMI was confirmed only partially in the Czech Republic: contrary to expectations, groups...
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