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Corpus based description of processes of lexical semantic change in the Early Modern English period
Hladíková, Lenka ; Tichý, Ondřej (advisor) ; Klégr, Aleš (referee)
This thesis deals with the processes of lexical semantic change in the Early Modern English period. The theoretical part summarises previous research in the area of lexical semantic change including the basic taxonomies from secondary literature and outlines the linguistic situation in Early Modern English. The aim of the practical part of the thesis is to analyse qualitatively the processes of semantic change in 5 selected words on the basis of examples extracted from the corpora (CED, PCEEC, PPCEME, PPCME2 and EEBO), i.e. to describe circumstances of the changes and factors influencing the individual instances of change. The results of the qualitative analysis are confronted with the theories of semantic change discussed in the first part of the thesis.
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Media representation of the Greek debt crisis: a corpus-assisted discourse analysis of the "Guardian" online news
Pavlíčková, Tereza ; Čermáková, Anna (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
The thesis deals with discourse surrounding the topic of the Greek debt crisis (GDC) in the online version of the British daily newspaper the Guardian (www.theguardian.com). The study builds on a bilateral division of the EU public discourse on the economic crisis, distinguishing between two opposing perspectives: "the Northern diagnosis" (DeGrauwe 2011: 5) prevailing in Germany and other creditor states, and 'the Southern opinion' on the situation held mainly by the debtor countries. The thesis examines the position of the Guardian in relation to this bilateral discourse framework. The Guardian represents a liberal, socially aware and traditionally EU-supportive newspaper that is published in a country which counts among the Europe's leading economic and political powers, a country that is also characterized by strong Eurosceptic tendencies. These aspects form a complex background with regard to the EEC/GDC discourse framework. There are factors supporting both "the Northern diagnosis" of the GDC and those suggesting inclination to 'the Southern opinion'. The analysis, dealing with a self-collected corpus (altogether 349 texts, 277 973 words) consisting of the Guardian online news on the GDC is situated - both theoretically and methodologically - in the field of Corpus- assisted discourse studies...
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English translation equivalents of "snad" and "možná"
Hýl, Radoslav ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Tichý, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis explores the Czech adverbs snad and možná and their English translation counterparts in order to arrive at a set of possible translation counterparts-a translation paradigm-and to look closely into their realizations, syntactic roles, meaning and distribution frequencies. The analysis progresses from classifying correspondences into types and uncovering linguistic data, to attempting to identify the logic behind translators' choices. The most numerous group of counterparts is single-word adverbs, such as perhaps and maybe. Various other counterperts are attested: modal auxiliaries, adverb phrases, prepositional phrases, noun phrases, finite comment clauses, question tags, and different units of discourse. A number of zero correspondences signal occasional bleached meaning of snad and možná in Czech. The analysis is based on 100 examples gathered from the parallel corpus InterCorp, which is part of the Czech National Corpus project.
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Valency of French adverbs
Holubová, Barbora ; Duběda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Nádvorníková, Olga (referee)
(in English): French grammars define the word class adverbs as a very heterogeneous set distinguished particularly by its invariability and intransitivity. The aim of this thesis is to study the valency structure of certain French adverbs forming such a subset which to certain extent denies aforesaid definition. Therefore, the definition of adverbial valency and the characteristic of "inheritance" and "fading" of adverbial valency potential after a transformation from verbs and adjectives will be given. The outcomes of the theoretical part will then be verified by analysing the data presented in the electronic dictionary le Petit Robert completed by qualitative and quantitative analyses based on two written French corpuses: Frantext and L'Est Républicain. To describe the "inheritance" and "fading" of valency potential, the same method will be used to depict the set of the adverbs derived from the adjectives, which take prepositional phrases headed by the preposition de as their complement. This work will be based not only on the theory of general linguistics and grammar, but also on the knowledge of mathematical and corpus linguistics. Klíčová slova (anglicky): valence, adverbs, French, corpus linguistics.
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Valency Dictionary of Arabic Verbs
Bielický, Viktor ; Zemánek, Petr (advisor) ; Žabokrtský, Zdeněk (referee) ; Danecki, Janusz (referee)
(EN) Valency Dictionary of Arabic Verbs PhDr. Viktor Bielický This dissertation serves as a theoretical background for creating a valency dictionary of verbs in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) which is primarily in the form of an electronic database. The Functional Generative Description is used as a theoretical framework for the description of verbal valency in Arabic. Chapter 1 introduces the verbal system of MSA with an emphasis on semantic relations within the system of verbal morpho- semantic patterns (verbal stems). Chapter 2 outlines the current research status of valency in Arabic including various research projects focused on creating electronic databases for Arabic verbs. Chapter 3 presents an overview of a valency theory developed within the Funtional Generative Description and it also provides a brief description of two broad coverage valency dictionaries for the Czech language - VALLEX and PDT-Vallex. Chapter 4, the core of the study, analyses semantics and the surface realization of different types of valency complemens in MSA, i.e. actants, quasi-valency and free (adverbial) complements. The final chapter, Chapter 5, describes the methodology and the structure of the valency dictionary the printed version of which is attached to the thesis. Key words: verbal valency, Modern Standard...
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Collocability of German Adjectives in a Bilingual Dictionary
Budín, Tomáš ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis researchs the collocability of the german adjectives and gives some suggestions for the presentation of the collocability in the microstructure of the adjectival entries in the German-Czech translatory dictionary. The diploma thesis is a secondary product of the project of The Large German-Czech Academic Dictionary which has been realized in the Institute for German studies of the Phaculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague since 2000. The lexicographs use the methods of the corpus linguistics, especially a combination of the concepts corpus-based and corpus-driven. Analogous methods were used in this diploma thesis. By means of the Cooccurrence Data Bank (CCDB) of the Institute for the German language in Mannheim the most frequent cooccurrence partners of an adjectiv were found, concrete dictionary examples were found out in the corpus DeReKo of the IDS Mannheim using COSMAS II or on the Internet using the search engine Google. The dates were saved in a special numerical chart of a data bank which is structured on the basis of word classes. The diploma thesis comes to the conclusion that each adjectival entry can be carried out in more ways depending on the preferred criterion which can be frequency based, syntactical, semantical or didactical. In the practical part of the...
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Dutch-Czech Parallel Corpus in linguistic studies and translation practice
Novotná, Kateřina ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Pekelder, Jan (referee)
Resumé This thesis concerns the use of parallel Dutch-Czech corpus in linguistic research and translation practice. The advantages of the corpus-based approach are demonstrated on a research of formal translation equivalents of the Dutch present participle in Czech language. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical sections. The theoretical introduction begins with the theoretical and methodological framework of the research. Next, language corpora, especially parallel corpora, and the Czech project InterCorp are presented. There is also an introduction of the grammatical category of the present participle and its possible formal translation equivalents into Czech language. In the subsequent practical section, there is a hypothesis formulated and a procedure of research based on corpus data established. The hypothesis and research should verify or refute the hypothesis. Furthermore, all translation solutions are divided into categories according to the Dutch system of sentence constituents: the substantive, adjectival, proverbial, prepositional and verb constituents, whole (subordinate) clauses and translation omissions. The categories are further divided into subcategories and described. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the translation solutions takes place at the end of the practical...
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Rosa Rabadán and her contribution to the development of translation studies
Vilches, Eva ; Králová, Jana (advisor) ; Špirk, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis analyzes works of the contemporary Spanish translation theorist, teacher, translator and researcher, Rosa Rabadán Álvarez. The basis of this paper is the analysis of the most important works published in books and journals in Spain and abroad. Close attention has been paid to the translation theories Rabadán has been proceeding from and to the context of her theoretical, pedagogical, translation and research work. The last chapter focuses on the reception of her works in and outside of Spain and in the Czech Republic.
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Finnish Epistemic Modals in Contrastive Perspective
Janoušková, Kateřina ; Fárová, Lenka (advisor) ; Čermáková, Anna (referee)
This corpus based diploma thesis takes stock of Finnish epistemic modal verbs voida, saattaa, taitaa and mahtaa and surveys their translational counterparts as they can be found in the parallel corpus InterCorp. The aim of the thesis is to find out what tendencies there can be found in the translation of the modals in question. In the theoretical part, there is, firstly, a description of both modality and modal verbs in Finnish and Czech, secondly, of the differences between the approaches to modality in both languages and, thirdly, of the features of translated language. In the analytical part, the translations are sorted out into categories based on the particular modal specifiers. The description of the different modal specifier categories follows.
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