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Weak declension of masculine nouns in contemporary German
Kroutilová, Kamila ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
Presented bachelor thesis deals with the contemporary development trends in a weak declension of masculine nouns, which extend in two directions. There is transition from weak declension to strong declension on one side and mixed declension nouns ending in -or are inflected weakly on the other side. Marginally attention is paid to nouns, which have two forms in the singular nominative, e.g. der Friede, der Frieden, where examines which form is productive in the contemporary language. The first, theoretical part of this thesis deals with definition of weak declension and focuses to its conception in selected grammars and professional articles. In the second, practical part is performed corpus analysis using W Corpus of the Institute for German Language in Mannheim, which aims to demonstrate that the previously non-codified forms are used even in standard instances. Key Words: nouns, masculine, weak declension, corpus analysis
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An analysis of phrasemes with the components "earth", "fire", "water" and "wind" in the parallel corpus InterCorp and in the German-Czech dictionary of phrases
Hamáková, Tereza ; Hejhalová, Věra (advisor) ; Vachková, Marie (referee)
(in English) This thesis deals with the processing of selected phrases with the components earth, fire, water and air in a German-Czech dictionary of phrases and compares the data given there with authentic samples from the Czech National Corpus. In the first part, the reader is presented with theoretical principles of phraseology, which are the basis for the subsequent analysis. The analysis is carried out in the second part of the thesis. Among other things, the suitability of the translation propositions of the dictionary of phrases with a special consideration of the formal and semantic aspects is discussed. In addition, the actual translations in the corpus samples are also analysed and assessed. Finally, the thesis and the results of the analysis are summarized and conclusions are drawn.
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The use of regular and irregular forms of participle: standard and use
KUBALÁKOVÁ, Barbora
The aim of this bachelor thesis is the use of Past Participle in its regular and irregular forms. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part, we deal with Past Participle in relation to its morphological and syntactic features, and then we focus primarily on the use of the Participle in its verbal and adjectival functions. After the theoretical part, based on specialized literature, corpus analysis follows involving research with the help of the Spanish synchronic corpus CORPES XXI. The objective of this research is to determine the frequency of particial forms in various types of Spanish texts. The observations will be summarized in graphs and tables. The thesis is written in the Czech language and includes a summary in Spanish.
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Frequency analysis of means of expression of Passive in Spanish
KANTOROVÁ, Anna
My bachelor thesis named Frequency analysis of means of expression of Passive in Spanish is divided into two parts; theoretical and practical. In the first section of the theoretical part, I examine how the problematic of Spanish passive is seen and explained by Czech linguists. In the second section I describe the attitude of Spanish linguists towards the passive voice. I focused in detail mainly on the chosen periphrastic verbal structures whereby it is possible to express passive in Spanish. The practical part is concentrated to the corpus analysis of the chosen periphrastic verbal structures their frequency of use in specific fields and methods used by Czech linguists for their translation into the Czech language. The aim of my piece of writing was to present and explain periphrastic verbal structures, whereby we can express passive voice in the Spanish language, as a method which is new or unusual for the most of us and thanks to which we can elevate our speech in Spanish even more.
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Analysis of Functions of Tenses \kur{(plus-que-parfait, passé antérieur, futur antérieur)} in the Present-day French in Comparison with Czech
MEZEROVÁ, Kristýna
This Bachelor thesis compares the verb systems of French and Czech languge, particularly their ways to express anteriority. The theoretical part is devided into three sections. At first, it presents the French verb system especially grammatical categories of tense, mood and aspect which are the most different from the Czech language. This part includes also a description of three tenses: plus-que-parfait, passé antérieur and futur antérieur, which are used to express anteriority. The second section of the theoretical part describes the Czech verb system and the last one introduces hypothetical ways of traduction of the anterior tenses which don´t exist in Czech. These theories are finaly confirmed or disapproved in the second part of thesis, which is based on the analysis of the anterior tenses in the parallel corpus Intercorp.
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The passive voice: an analysis of selected verbs in German
Rajn, Aleš ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
The thesis aims to analyze passive forms of selected German verbs; focusing on experiencer and cognitive verbs. The use of selected lexemes is compared considering the question of "agentivity" by experiencer verbs. First, the issue is analyzed and commented with regard to selected codifications. By means of corpus analysis is examined if the current state of language use corresponds with the codification and also what is the motivation for the use of varieties. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Phrasal compounds in fiction and their translation into Czech
Mitlenerová, Silvie ; Klégr, Aleš (advisor) ; Tichý, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis analyses issues of translation of phrasal compounds from English to Czech language (in fiction). All examples observed have been chosen from the database of fiction texts that is incorporated in the project InterCorp (v. 7). In particular, the thesis deals with phrasal compounds in premodifying position. The corpus analysis of Czech translation shows that phrasal compounds can be categorized in various groups, and there can also be various approaches to translation. These two sets of categories do not always necessarily overlap. The diploma thesis is based on the categorization of the translations; in each category, several examples are selected and commented upon in more detail. In Conclusion, the findings of these subchapters are summed up and the level of translation work is evaluated in general terms. In the final section, few thoughts about general recommendations for translators are formulated as well - can there be any general recommendation? Or is there a "best approach" for each individual case as it was noticeable throughout the paper? Key words: phrasal compounds, translation, corpus analysis, premodifiers
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Evolution of discourse markers in Czech: case study of vždyť
Doischer, Tomáš ; Zíková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Beneš, Martin (referee)
The main goal of this paper is to analyze one specific Czech discourse marker, vždyť, both from the synchronic and diachronic position. In the context of this analysis, some questions of linguistic methodology are discussed. Most of this analysis focused on its semantic properties, which were described using the NSM methodology (Natural Semantic Metalanguage). NSM allows its users to describe the meaning of grammatical words in natural language, thanks to which a researcher can formulate the expression's function without having to use a complicated and obscure terminology. The resulting definition of vždyť is compared to the description found in Czech dictionaries, whose authors, unlike my approach, describe the meaning of vždyť in terms of multiple senses, polysemy. Apart from semantics, a small part of the chapter is dedicated to the description of other properties of vždyť, e. g. phonetics. In the diachronic analysis, a hypothesis is formulated about the emergence of vždyť from the originally temporal marker vždy, explaining it on the basis of conversational implicatures. That is illustrated by some examples of vždy from the earliest available linguistic data from Czech. I then describe the meaning of vždyť in Old Czech, while speculation about its further development is hindered by the lack of adequate...
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Phrasemes in a Bilingual Dictionary
Ježková, Jaroslava ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Hejhalová, Věra (referee)
This thesis deals with area of set phrasemes processing in dictionary, specifically processing of somatisms. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. The aim of theoretical part is phraseology in general, phrasemes (occasionally phraseologisms) and their application in Czech and German linguistics. Field of phrasemes like somatisms in order to language unit character is taken into account in the first section as well as dependence of phrasemes like their meaning explanation on the context in which they appear. Furthermore, there are listed and described main phrasemes characteristics which distinguish them from other language phenomenons. Conclusion of theoretical part analyzes area of corpus linguistics and its application based on corpus and co-occurrence analysis. Built on first part of thesis, practical part deals with processing of somatisms in bilingual dictionary particularly in lexicography point of view whereas proposal of specific solutions are given. As the attachment there are processed results of search into database input which may be considered as a part of bilingual dictionary. Keywords: phrasem, bilingual dictionary, corpus lexicography, corpus analysis, somatism
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Corpus analysis of French compound infinitive forms
Opletalová, Kateřina ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
(in English): The aim of this thesis is to describe the functioning of French compound infinitive in comparison with its simple form. Using language corpora, we will cover several textual types - journalism (corpus L'Est Républicain and a part of InterCorp corpus), fiction (corpus InterCorp), but we will also utilize typologically various texts from the Internet (corpus frWac) and a corpus of film subtitles. The theoretical part will describe the infinitives forms in terms of terminology, morphology, and syntax. The empirical part will be dedicated to mapping out the contexts in which the compound infinitive occurs and also to analyzing different factors that affect its aspectual and temporal interpretation. In conclusion, there is a summary as well as possible issues for further research dealing with this topic.
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