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Comparison of Two British Referendums on European Union membership in 1975 and 2016
Sýkora, Ondřej ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kłusek, Johana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with comparison of two referendums held in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in which British people decided about EEC/EU membership. These referendums were held in years 1975 and 2016. In 1975 people voted to stay in EEC, whereas in 2016 the exact opposite decision was made. The comparative method which is used in this thesis is applicated to analyse selected criteria. These are political background of the referendum, renegotiation of membership terms and the form and the results of the referendum itself. The comparative method is used to reach the goal of the thesis which is to reveal differences and similarities between the two referendums. Several differences explaining the opposite outcomes of the referendums were discovered as a result of the comparison.
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The impact of the economic crisis on the nationalism of Catalonia
Risingerová, Karolina ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Urban, Traian (referee)
The thesis is focused on the Catalan nationalism as the nationalism of the nation without state and its changes during the economic crisis. The objective is to analyse potential impact of the economic crisis to the Catalan nationalism and its changes after 2008, firstly at the level of public opinion, secondly and mainly at the political level in the frame of the analysis of the Catalan political parties in the Catalan parliament after the elections in 2006, 2010 and 2012. The parties are divided according their demands to the central government using the Dandoy's typology. The intensification of the demands for the independence in the Catalan society and its correlation with the worsening economic indicators, as the unemployment, Catalan debt or the changes of GDP, is analysed by the linear regression analysis in the first part of the study. The connection between nationalist questions and the economic crisis is analysed in the second part of the thesis. Three tools of the election campaign in 2006, 2010 and 2012 are used for this analysis - the electoral programmes, the electoral debates and interviews in television and the electoral spots. The conclusion of the thesis is whether the nationalist demands in the Catalan society and of the Catalan political parties increased and if so, whether it is...
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Comparison of referendums on devolution in Wales
Špelinová, Kristýna ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Miklošová, Kateřina (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Comparison of Referendums on Devolution in Wales" deals with the process of political devolution in Great Britain, or rather in Wales with emphasis on two referendums on this question, which took place in 1979 and 1997. The main topic of this work is an establishing of a relationship between central British and regional Welsh government that culminated in the origin of National Assembly for Wales in 1998. In the first referendum Welsh people expressed a negative attitude to devolution and in the second one they changed their mind about it and voted for devolution. The main goal of this work is to explain basic facts that caused the difference between the results of referendums. This comparative work determines criteria and through the analysis of them it gains characteristics of both referendums in which people voted on founding of the National Assembly for Wales. In its major part, the work deals with the comparison of referendums on the basis of their descriptions. The attention is put also on the development of political situation in Wales, which preceded declaration of the first referendum. The political conditions in the time between referendums are described too. In the conclusion of the work, the influence of political circumstances on the change in attitudes of Welsh...
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Changing role of Quebec in French politics
Lemel, Ondřej ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
This thesis deals with transformations of French foreign policy towards Québec and Canada. The first president of the French Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle, as well as all his successors together with their administration supported Québec's international ambitions and its desire to be sovereign abroad in the areas that fall within its competence in internal politics according to the Canadian Constitution. This support took place mainly on the platform of Francophonie. In 1995, the presidential candidate at that time, Jacques Chirac, clearly supported sovereingty movement. After the referendum won by the federalists France started to gradually reconcile with the federal government of Canada in various international politics issues such as protection of cultural diversity and multilateralism. France is also worried that in case of Canada's separation, the English speaking rest of the country would get more easily under the influence of the United States of America. France does not intend to admit this scenario. Jacques Chirac during this twelve-year mandate was gradually deepening the cooperation with Ottawa. Nevertheless, Québec remains the privileged partner of France in the fields of culture and education that are key for French foreign policy. Former French president Nicolas Sarkozy was even clearly...
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The First and Second Referendum on the Treaty of Lisabon
Kašpar, Mirko ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
Master thesis "The First and Second Referendum on the Treaty of Lisbon in Ireland" is a comparative case study, which - using the concept of europeanization - analyses causes, which led to the opinion shift of Irish citizens on the Treaty of Lisbon between years 2008 and 2009. Whereas during the first poll in June 2008 Irish rejected the Treaty, 16 months later it was accepted by an expressive majority, when almost half a million people more voted for it. The thesis clarifies, which elements caused a totally different course and result, explores opinions of individual players such as political parties, government, trade unions, associations of interest or significant companies, observes course of the campaign before the referendum, summarizes and analyses outcomes and subsequent reactions both on national and Union level. From the discovered facts the thesis concludes, that behind the change of attitude of the Irish stood especially external effects. On one side pressure of the other member states of the Union and even the EU as a whole to finalize the process of institutional reform and also explicit refusal of repeating the scenario from 2005, when ratification of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe was terminated after disagreement of France and the Netherlands. On the other side acceptance...
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Mixed member proportional representation in New Zealand
Trávníček, Matěj ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee) ; Šedo, Jakub (referee)
The thesis is about New Zealand House of Representatives electoral system. In introductory part is briefly presented the political system of New Zealand. Then is currently used electoral system, its genesis and impacts of transition from the first past the post to mixed member proportional system researched. Thesis is in its effort focusing on segments of electoral system and trying to identify its problematic points and to introduce alternative electoral system proposed to the electors in referenda. The thesis is using the electoral studies methods, especially quantitative measuring of attributes of electoral system and party structure within the House of Representatives. Implementation of mixed member proportional electoral system returned New Zealand towards highly proportional electoral results and raised the number of relevant political parties and thus created the praxis of coalition and minority cabinets. Transition to mixed member proportional electoral system, which occurred as a result of referenda, also helped to solve a certain crisis of polity perception connected to first past the post system, which was that time in use. In New Zealand there is currently a high emphasis on expertise and public involvement in the matters of electoral system and contrary only a small part is played by political...
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Brexit and the role of British media
Hejdová, Monika ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The master's thesis deals with analysis of foreign professional articles focused on Brexit referendum in 2016. Focus is on review of each article - what type of analysis was used in the article, aim and motivation to do that analysis, and their comparison. In the end of this thesis quantitative analysis of Czech on-line articles writing about Brexit referendum is provided.
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Direct democracy in the 21st century: challenges and pitfalls (including forecast of future development)
Kozák, Lukáš ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Ondřejková, Jana (referee)
Direct democracy in the 21st century: challenges and pitfalls Abstract The thesis deals with the position of direct democracy in the 21st century, what are its advantages and disadvantages and problem areas. Before that, it briefly presents why such strong voices calling for direct democracy have been heard in recent years. The first part of the thesis describes the emergence of representative democracy and how this process was influenced by opinions on direct democracy. Furthermore, the reasons for the existence of representative democracy are outlined and the theory behind it is briefly introduced. In its second part, the thesis discusses, in greater detail, the present of representative democracy, what are its advantages and disadvantages and what problems it faces, which quite possibly threaten its very existence. In this part the thesis is based, among other things, on sociological findings, especially in Czech society. These problems largely explain frequent considerations about the implementation of direct democracy. The third part turns its attention to direct democracy exclusively and describes its history, more precisely, important passages from it. It also describes the theoretical foundations of direct democracy, in which the defense of direct democracy by its promoters is hidden to some extent....
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