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The electoral system of elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the CR and its potential changes
Šochman, Václav ; Antoš, Marek (advisor) ; Kudrna, Jan (referee)
The goal of this diploma thesis is to verify hypotheses that the current legal framework of election law is in accordance with constitutional principles. Furthermore, author's intention is to highlight parts of the statute which may violate the Constitution. Such verification or rejection of hypotheses is deduced from the answers on the research questions, for instance if the voting system used within the course of the election to the Czech House of Representatives and if is desirable to modify the voting system and, if relevant in what manner (by what means). In order to answer these questions, the author applied the method of analyzing primary and secondary information sources, their interpretation and deduction of relevant conclusions. This thesis is divided into twelve chapters (incl. preface and conclusion, resume and bibliography) provided that the merit of the work can be found from chapter five to chapter eight. The second chapter is devoted to theoretical elaboration of individual voting systems. The following chapter discusses the evolution of the voting system used within the course of Czech and Czech-Slovak parliamentary elections in the 20th century. Fourth section of this paper is dedicated to constitutional establishment of the voting system used within the actual Czech parliamentary...
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Twenty Years of the Politics of Electoral Reform for the Chamber of Deputies in the Czech Republic, 1989-2009
Charvát, Jakub ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Klíma, Michal (referee) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The presented thesis mainly focuses on an analysis of twenty years of the politics of electoral reform in Czechoslovakia (1990-1992), on the federal level (the Federal Assembly), and the national level (the Czech National Council), respectively, and later on the politics of electoral reform in the Czech Republic, on the national level (the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic). First, the thesis discusses how and why electoral systems are chosen and changed. Recent analysis of the politics of electoral reform has yielded two main theoretical perspectives regarding the reforms of recent decades. The first one, the power-maximizing perspective, assumes that politicians control the choice of the electoral system and that they are motivated to maximize their power. The other perspective allows for a wider range of actors - in particular, including ordinary citizens as well as politicians - and sees electoral reform as the product of a mix of inherent and contingent factors. Reform can, under this approach, occur in response to specific instances of systemic failure. More recently, Alan Renwick (in 2010 and more precisely in 2011) seeks to develop a more refined understanding of electoral reform processes through two steps. At the outset, there is an acknowledgement that there are...
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Overhang seats. A controversial particularity of the German electoral system
Jágr, Jan ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
The objective of the thesis is a detailed analysis of overhang seats, the peculiarity of the German electoral system. The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on research of the electoral systems and their political consequences. The second chapter devoted to the German electoral system explains his mechanical functioning and discuses his influence on the degree of proportionality and the party system. The analytical part tries to clear the phenomenon of overhang seats, his origins by means of testing presented variables using the electoral results data from 1990 - 2009. The current electoral reform is also discussed.
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Mixed member proportional representattion in New Zealand
Trávníček, Matěj ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
The thesis is about New Zealand House of Representatives electoral system. In introductory part is briefly presented the political system of New Zealand. Then is currently used electoral system, its genesis and impacts of transition from the first past the post to mixed member proportional system researched. Thesis is in its effort focusing on segments of electoral system and trying to identify its problematic points and to introduce alternative electoral system proposed to the electors in referenda. The thesis is using the electoral studies methods, especially quantitative measuring of attributes of electoral system and party structure within the House of Representatives.
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The role of regional political parties in the Spanish political scene in the period 1993-2010
Fusková, Iva ; Šušlíková, Lada (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
Diploma thesis "The role of regional political parties within the Spanish political scene in the period of 1993-2010" presents an analysis of the role of Spanish regional political parties, which play within the national political scene since 1993. The preliminary chapter of this thesis provides a brief description of the contemporary Spanish political system, the regional organization of Spain and the Spanish electoral system, which has considerable influence especially on the party system. I consider this general introduction relevant and important for a better understanding of the whole issue. The next section is devoted to the Spanish party system, its development, the typology and the main national political parties. Here I come to the conclusion that due to the specific configuration of the electoral system in Spain happens relatively complicated interpenetration of the national party system with the regional party systems. The final and the most important chapter deals with the regional political parties, which after 1993 came to the Spanish parliament, and especially about those that have influence on the government formation and the government policy. At the beginning of this chapter I define the regional political party, the regionalist and the nationalist political party and I try to...
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The electroral system for the Chamber of Deputies of Czech Republic: genesis, evolution and its future direction
Peškar, Michal ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Antoš, Marek (referee)
This final thesis deals with electoral system to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. Its genesis, evolution and future are presented in 3 chapters and in the Conclusion. Work is designed as a case-study and it employs two methods - from general to particular, and from earlier to later. These methods are used in whole work as well as in particular chapters and subchapters. The first chapter introduces readers to the issue of electoral system in general. There are described two main voting systems - proportional and majority vote. Stress is put to the proportional system which has used for elections to the Chamber of Deputies. Also the question "which electoral system is the best" is mentioned. Following chapter surveys history of the electoral system and evolution from its establishment to the present. Main part of this chapter deals with a reform introduced in the year 2000 which was declared by the Constitutional Court as unconstitutional. New law, instead of blank spaces after the decision of the Constitutional Court, was adopted in the year 2002 and since that it has been valid till the present. The third chapter presents proposals of electoral reform from the year 2008 prepared by a group of experts on the basis of political assignment of contemporary Government....
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Development of the electoral system of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and prospects on its potential changes
Panáček, Jan ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Švec, Radek (referee)
Aim of this bachelor work is to observe the development of electoral systém in the Great Britain after the World War II and its parametric changes, effect on elecitons results and Political situation and to observe trends leading to possible change of the electoral system in Great Britain, that has been laid by the results of last elections. As method a case study will be used and as main resources a intend to use electoral statitics showing the gradual development of individual parameters of the British electoral system, monographies and research papers analyzing growing disproportionality of the electoral results and neccesity (or uneccesity) of the change of electoral system. In the first part i will analyze general tendencies of the electoral system of Great Britain and its development after the World War II, czech and foreign literatury conserning the British electoral systém will be use as resources. In the second part individual elections and its results will be analyzed, observing the influence and development against the last elections. For that I will use electoral statistics and analysis. He third part will observe the situation after the 2010 elections and development towards the AV referendum. Main resources for that part will be official materials of political parties, together with...
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Development of the electoral system of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and prospects on its potential changes
Panáček, Jan ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Švec, Radek (referee)
Aim of this bachelor paper is to observe the development of electoral system in Great Britain after the World War II and its parametric changes, effect of these changes on elecitons results and Political situation and to observe trends leading to possible change of the electoral system in Great Britain, that has been laid by the results of last elections. As method a case study will be used and as main resources I intend to use electoral statitics showing the gradual development of individual parameters of the British electoral system, monographies and research papers analyzing growing disproportionality of the electoral results and necessity (or unnecessity) of the change of electoral system. In the first part i will analyze general tendencies of the electoral system of Great Britain and its development after the World War II, czech and foreign literatury concerning the British electoral system will be used as resources. In the second part individual elections and its results will be analyzed, observing the influence and development against the last elections. For that I will use electoral statistics and analysis. The third part will observe the situation after the 2010 elections and development towards the AV referendum. Main resources for that part will be official materials of political parties,...
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A comparative study: Electoral systems of the Baltic states
Čavojec, Jakub ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lacina, Tomáš (referee)
The goal of this thesis was to compare the effects of the electoral systems of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania on the outcome of elections and on the representation of political parties in the parliament. Described was also the evolution of the electoral systems of each country since gaining independence. It was determined that the Estonian electoral system produces the most proportional outcomes. The threshold between overrepresentation and underrepresentation of the political parties in the parliament was determined. The estonian party system was declared the most stable. By calculating the value of the natural thresholds, it was not possible to determine in which country do the political parties have an easier access to their first mandate.
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