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The influence of reducing agent on silver nanoparticles granumetric parameters
Šomodíková, Iva ; Dittrich, Milan (advisor) ; Šnejdrová, Eva (referee)
We report an experimental evidence of a process of silver particles preparation by the Tollens reduction method. Natural non toxic reducing agents, such as various starches and flavonoid plant extracts were used. As the most efficient reducing agents amaranth starch and Paulinia cupana extract were choosen for the following study. The use of starches alone leads to highly polydisperse systems. The mixing of starches with Paulinia cupana extract results in silver nanoparticles with good size-mean and size-distribution parameters. The nucleation and growth phase of the particle preparation process were improved by the microwave irradiation. The synergy of intensified molecular movement in the water phase and the similar and more thermal accented process in the newly formed metal nanoparticles were exploited. This preparation method evidently leads to the higher quality systems usable as biocompatible antimicrobials and preservatives.
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Vishva Hindu Parishad
Krejčík, Jiří ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Vavroušková, Stanislava (advisor)
This thesis deals with the origin and growth of the Hindu organisation Vishva Hindu Parishad during the years 1964-1992 and its role in the Hindutva movement. It analyses its ideology, propaganda, activities and influence on the political development of the Republic of India. It mainly focuses on the VHP's transformation from the originally loose association of Hindu elites aimed at preserving and promoting Hindu dharma into a mass organisation with a huge impact on the Indian politics through mobilizing the Hindu society for the creation and promotion of a strong Hindu nation.
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Chapters from old history of libraries in Kolín and its surrounding
Jouzová, Miroslava ; Hlaváček, Ivan (advisor) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee) ; Ryantová, Marie (referee)
The work gives a detailed presentation about occurrence of manuscripts as well as printed books and libraries in Kolín and its surrounding since the establishment of the town until the 18th century, if records about them were preserved, or they exist till now. Only a few records concerning the library culture were preserved from the early history of Kolín. Manuscripts were found in Dominican Monastery. Despite the first mentioning of separate books only in the 14th century, we may assume them already earlier - it concerns mainly donations of books to some altars of the Saint. Bartholomew's Church in Kolín. Richer occurrence is only recorded in the 16th century when we already have quotations of specific book titles in the records of Kolín burghers, or their private libraries are mentioned here. At his time books are not only copied in Kolín but also written; authors are burghers or local dean. 17th century then brings a message about a library on the Kolín presbytery, private libraries of Kolín deans and libraries of newly established monasteries in Kolín and Zásmuky. 18th century is not abundant in records about libraries because a book becomes an expensive property, its value goes down and records of Kolín burghers include descriptions of the library only rarely.
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Systém říčních ramen a aluviálních tůní vysoké Arktidy
Elster, Josef
During last ten years the ecology of shallow streams, rivers and poolsin newly deglaciated areas of the High Arctic (Ellesmere Island - CanadianArctic, Svalbard - Norwegian Arctic archipelago) and the Antarctica (KingGeorge Island, South Shetland) was studied. Cyanobacteria and eukaryoticalgae, frequently produce visible biomass and, play an important role inthese biocenoses.At the end of glacial period (about 18 thousand years ago) the area ofthe Czech Republic was surrounded by glaciers (from north - the continentalglaciation, and from the south - the Alpine glaciation). The north and thesouth glacial masses strongly influenced the ecosystem of this area, and canbe compared with the polar areas which are, at present time, influenced byclimate change.The ecology of alluvial pools discussed on the conference were and, innear future, has to be compared with results which are available from theshallow wetland ecosystem of polar regions.
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The role of mass-loss in dynamics of spiral galaxies
Jungwiert, Bruno ; Combes, F. ; Palouš, Jan
A new N-body sticky-particles computer code for spiral galaxies is presented. The substantial improvement over existing models is the scheme for the bi-directional mass exchange between gas and stars: the cosumption of the former by star formation is taken into account by locking aq fraction of gas in newly created stars while the mass-loss from stars via stellar winds and supernova explosions is implemented as time dependent over the Hubble time.
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Newly Found romanesque madonna of Sedes sapientiae type coming from a czech private collection with elements of west european fine arts tradition
Hradilová, J. ; Hradil, David ; Fogaš, I. ; Zmydlená, M.
On the basis of material research, the oldest preserved polychrome carving of Madonna of Sedes sapientiae type was dated using radiocarbon method 14C to the interval of 990 – 1180. During the non-destructive research, we could observe its inner structure on the CT scans and a careful sampling enabled us to determine the technological features typical for this outstanding polychromy. These features comprise, above all, the oldest siliceous ground of specific composition, which had a practical relevance. The coloured, or only coarse-grained lower ground layer, served as a check for the depth of polish of the upper white ground – the treatment, which should result in the same thickness of the ground on all places of the uneven surface. The origin of Madonna of Sedes sapientiae type can be assigned to workshops drawing on Western-European traditions.
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Newly discovered preserved potash-making workshops in the Czech Republic
Woitsch, Jiří
The article briefly describes the technology of production of potash in the early modern times. The basic typology of production facilities (potash-making workshops), which were built in the village envinment, is introduced as well. The main emphasis is given on the introduction of two newly identified workshops - in Zlatá Koruna near Český Krumlov and in Kolinec in the Klatovy region.
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Teachers and beginnings of Pedagogical Museum in Prague
Králíčková, Markéta ; Váňová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Beneš, Zdeněk (referee) ; Rýdl K., (referee)
The current Pedagogical Museum of J. A. Comenius belongs to one of the oldest museums in the Czech Republic. Its more than a hundred-year-old historyhas been accompanied by several turning points in its whole existence. With the initiation ofthis establish mentwe see teachers of elementary and municipal education trying to give birth to an institution which would preserve and document the development of the Czech educational system. From 1880 teachers worked hard to realize an institution that would preserve the cultural heritage of J. A. Comenius. Together with the upcoming 300th anniversary celebration of J. A. Comenius' birth their idea was initiated by Josef Klika at the Literary Union meeting held in 1889. The collection was successfully presented at theRegional Jubilee Exhibition in 1891 in the Municipal Museum in Prague in 1892 and at the Ethnographic Exhibition in 1895. The Comenius Museum was then transferred under the collective stock of Permanent Exhibition of Education (St,ila vystava skolska) to stay there until a new pedagogical museum could be established in Prague. Finally, in 1916 the newly founded Pedagogical Museum of J. A. Comenius was presented atits opening ceremony. According to the request of its founders the collection (enriched by Slavin archives) was brought under the authority of...
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The imperative of feminine beauty
Myslivcová, Klára ; Mudd, Dana (referee) ; Duffková, Jana (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with one of the most viable ideas within the Euro-American territory that accentuates the distinction between men and women and therefore maintains the "mystic demarcation line" that Virginia Woolf talked about. It is the idea that only women are obliged to "be beautiful". The primary objective of this work is to lift this conviction from the common (biologically-essentialist), trouble-free understanding and to uncover it in the light of social constructivism as a mere myth; to show that the myth of beauty - as it is called in this thesis - is originally our human work, not the work of nature (or God), and that its hidden ambition is nothing less than preserving the social - patriarchal - status quo. It is a purely intentional myth aimed at the disadvantage of women, which is, however, again and again reproduced unrecognised within the process of socialisation: first of all by the family, school, (mass) media and the industry of (feminine) beauty - these factors are called the guardians of the myth of beauty for the purpose of the thesis.
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The repatriation and return of Czechs from forced labor and internment in Germany after World War II.
Kasíková, Jana ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Koura, Petr (referee)
Repatriation of Czechoslovak citizens after the Second World War is one of the less explored areas of the Czech history. This work examines the process and arrangement of repatriation, focusing primarily on the return of the Czechs from Germany. Investigated issues include the international preparations for repatriation during the war, defining the status of Displaced Persons, as well as the international postwar repatriation activities of the international institutions, e.g., SHAEF and UNRRA. The key topic being the repatriation in the Czechoslovakia, attention is paid to the newly created department for repatriation in Bohemia and Moravia. This paper describes the contribution of individual organizations to repatriation as well as the coordination of the care for the repatriates. A special chapter is dedicated to the contemporary communication with the public and presenting the repatriation in the mass media.
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