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Metal waste processing system from cutting processes
Partlová, Veronika ; Osička, Karel (referee) ; Chladil, Josef (advisor)
Diploma thesis will be focuses on the processing of steel chips, explanation of general con-cepts, the division of chips according to their origin, their types and examples of some machines that are related to the chip processing system. It will also describe which law to follow when sor-ting waste like this, how to recycle it and how much this topic is connected with the ecological point of view. The second part of the work will be focused on the processing of the aluminium waste from the production of aluminium components. It contains a specific example of the calculation of a proposal to change the treatment of the waste and the return on investment in this change. The reason why to undergo this change is described too and in what way it will be beneficial.
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The rate of repeated capture and release of water by a mixed recyclate of disposable diapers and its individual components
Březinová, Štěpánka ; Ondreáš, František (referee) ; Jančář, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis focuses on the recycling of disposable diapers. The waste from disposable diapers could be potentially used again and it is also a more ecological solution than incineration of this waste. The process of recycling separates individual parts of the diaper so they could be used again. In this bachelor’s thesis, the product of recycling is a recycled material that is composed of cellulose and sodium polyacrylate. Sodium polyacrylate is one of the superabsorbent polymers that have great absorptive qualities. The resulting recycled material has the same qualities as well. In the experimental part of this bachelor’s thesis, the recycled material is analyzed and the absorptive and desorptive qualities are compared with the qualities of sodium polyacrylate.
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Identification of contamination sources in the PET recycling
Snopková, Martina ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
This paper deals with the identification of plastic contaminants in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) flakes obtained by mechanical recycling of PET bottles. The presence of contaminants in recycled material is undesirable and it is necessary to implement and optimize technologies to separate them. For improving the effectiveness of separation, it is crucial to determine the material of the contaminant. Papers that are focusing on the contaminant analysis in PET flakes are sporadic. In practice, there are not enough sources for enhancing the effectiveness of separation based on the material of the contaminant. The goal of this thesis is to provide missing information about the materials of plastic impurities. Obtained findings will contribute to efficiency improvement of contaminant separation and production of better-quality recycled material. For contaminant analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection technique (FTIR-ATR) was used. The samples were analyzed using an ALPHA II device with an ALPHA-P module with the diamond crystal. It was found out that the most frequented contaminants are polymers polystyrene (PS) and its modifications, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), PET mixed with other polymers or additives, polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) and polyvinylchloride (PVC). Based on these results, the recommendations for enhancing the efficiency of separation were developed. Some of the results pointed out the actual problems that complicate PET bottle recycling.
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Identification of the lables used on the PET bottles for recycling
Zoufalá, Anna ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
Among the most significant sources of contamination in PET recycling belong their labels. The labels of PET bottles are composed of various materials, but the manufacturers are not obligated to declare the labels materials. From the point of view of PET recycling, PVC and PETG labels represent the biggest problem, because they cannot easily be separated from PET, and even a small amount can compromise the end-product of recycling. Therefore, this thesis deals with the identification of labels from PET bottles designated for recycling. For their identification was used FTIR-ATR spectrometer. The analysis revealed that PVC and PETG are frequently used as label materials. In many cases the analysis failed and only used additives could be identified.
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The Effect of Socio-Demographic Factors on Consumer Trends in the Czech Republic
Čechová, Tereza ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Kolář, Daniel (referee)
The thesis examines the potential effects of various socio-demographic determinants on consumer trends in the Czech market over the years 2009- 2019. We use data from the agency Median, s.r.o., which has been researching consumer behavior since 1993. This work analyzes dependent categorical variables that define potential consumer trends and represent answers of respondents or households. We utilized an ordinal logistic regression for the analysis, which we subsequently tested by Brant's test. Statistically significant results from the models are similar to the results in previous studies. Specifically, during the years 2009-2019, the interest in recycling increases, people tend to buy organic food more often, and spending on Czech products decreases slightly (especially in 2018 and 2019), and people tend to spend more money on vacation. For example, the bachelor thesis shows that women have a greater tendency to buy organic products and Czech food than men and, at the same time, recycle more often than men. Furthermore, new variables are examined in regards to observed trends. Such variables are the number of persons employed in the household and the ABCDE classification. Overall, the main contributions of this thesis are Czech consumer preferences and trends over eleven years and detailed...
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Circular economy in the Czech surroundings - experience of companies and the view of experts
Leová, Leona ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Milerová Prášková, Dagmar (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the concept of circular economy (hereinafter CE) and its application in several Czech and one multinational company. On these specific examples of companies, the work shows how circularity is achieved, with all the essentials of this fact, what support for the concept is offered in the Czech Republic and, last but not least, what obstacles and problems the companies face. Along with this practical experience, opinions by theoretical experts who deal with the issue in their profession are further examined. The aim of the work was to map the matter of use of secondary raw materials and other principles of CE in both practical and theoretical spheres of knowledge, and where possible, to compare these two views. Furthermore, the work focuses on the benefits of real use of the principles of CE in the Czech conditions from an environmental point of view. In its theoretical part, it first addresses the issue of waste in general, especially from the perspective of a global problem. It presents the development, current situation and forecast of the size of waste generation, including its impacts. Furthermore, it has introduced the concept of CE, its various concepts and definitions, together with the main principles. Subsequently, it presents the real adoption of the concept by...
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Biodegradable Waste: School Project for Lower Secondary School
Dvořáková, Kateřina ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Skýbová, Jana (referee)
The proper way to manage biological waste has only recently become a topic of discussion and the public still does not have enough information about it and does not have a comprehensive opinion. In order for bio-waste to be properly managed, knowledge of this topic and positive attitude towards it is necessary, in class this could be achieved by activating pupils through project based education. Teaching in projects is a great way to understand the issue, which can influence pupils' attitudes towards bio-waste management. The aim of this diploma thesis is to create a project on the topic of biodegradable waste, and then to find out how the knowledge and opinions of students about bio-waste have changed. The created project was verified at the lower secondary school, for which it is primarily intended. A total of 54 6th-year pupils was involved in this project. They were given a pretest before the start of the project, finding out the initial knowledge about bio-waste and their opinion on the classification of bio-waste. After the project, the pupils completed a posttest and by comparing the individual answers, it was determined whether and how the knowledge of the tested pupils and their attitude towards the topic changed. The answers of individual pupils in the pretest and posttest were evaluated...
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(MATERIAL) – CONSCIOUS DESIGN
Filípková, Valentýna ; Václavková, Maria Nina (referee) ; Tobola, Ondřej (advisor)
The online platform consciousdesign.cz, created as the output of the thesis, provides sources for possible conscious approaches to design. It consists of a database of innovative materials, research texts, related links and interviews with designers, material specialists, scientists and technologists. The website can serve as a starting point for students and designers who are interested in current possibilities and new ways leading to design that is responsible to nature and humans.
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Financing of Business activities
Ziková, Anna ; Havíř, David (referee) ; Heralecký, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with setting up a DIY e-shop and focuses on the means of its financing. The thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical one and practical one. The theoretical part includes the basic terms such as an entrepreneur, business plan and the sources of finance. The practical part consists of analysis of current state, which focuses on SWOT, SLEPTE and Porter analysis, and suggestion which focuses on business plan and the possibilities of source of finance.
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Environmental Protection Legislation and The Possibility of Using Waste as a Secondary Raw Material With a Focus on the Recycling of PET Bottles
Hejl, Martin ; Pavláková Dočekalová, Marie (referee) ; Kocmanová, Alena (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyze the recycling of plastics and the analysis of the recycling process of PET bottles in the company PETKA CZ, a.s. In the last analysis of the work influencing the ways to obtain input material for the production of recycling from PET bottles, management of plastic waste, proposals for improving the production of this company and at the same time the possibilities of reducing waste in the production of recycling. Furthermore, this work describes the legislative regulation of environmental protection, general principles of recycling, how to recycle the company PETKA CZ, a.s. It currently determines and at the same time how we could recycle this to use in the future.
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