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Between structuralism and New criticism. (Theoretical consequences in the work of Rene Wellek).
BOROVKOVÁ, Gabriela
This bachelor's thesis deals with the Czech-American literary scholar René Wellek's literary theory. It attempts to put it into the context of the two most notable theoretical schools, which was René Wellek directly influenced by and whose discourse he participated in, namely Czech Structuralism and Anglo-American New Criticism. Based on selected body of Wellek's theoretical work, I point out the similarities to the ideas of both critical groups' most eminent representatives as well as differences from them. The main subject of my attention is Wellek's programme of criticism as an academic discipline and his conception of literature and literary work of art as a subject of research, but I also consider Wellek's writing style and his methodological approach in analysing and interpretation of specific literary works of art. The objective of my thesis is to point out to mutual relations rather than "classify" the scholar as either a Structuralist or a New Critic.
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Augustin Eugen Mužík
MRAZÍKOVÁ, Petra
Annotation The Bachelor Thesis is a result of survey in a field of Literary history and Literary theory. As might be expected it is based on qualitative research. Outcome of quantitative research is meant only to second our thesis. The Thesis reflects the latest state of research in above-mentioned fields and it leans on some of the former structuralistic or neostructuralistic Thesis. The Bachelor Thesis endeavors to bring new knowledge about one of literary group members associated with weekly magazine Lumir and a disciple of Jaroslav Vrchlicky Augustin Eugen Muzik (1859-1925). As far as general phase is concerned, in the context of bohemian literary discourse Thesis is devoted to 80s & 90s and it is further focused on artifacts of parnassism. The analytical part of the Thesis is based on poem analysis Libusino loze, Balady a legendy (1884) and its intepretation. There is also comparison to Toman a lesni panna, Ohlas pisni ceskych (1839) by F. L. Celakovsky included since we spotted some similarities between these two poems.
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Émile Benveniste and the role of sens
Krásová, Eva ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Pešek, Ondřej Matthew (referee) ; Fulka, Josef (referee)
Eva Krásová: Émile Benveniste and the role of sens My thesis "Émile Benveniste and the role of sens" is a monographic study of the life work of Émile Benveniste (1902-1977) through the role that the concept of meaning (sens) takes in his thought. I adopt the methodology defined by K. Kœrner as "historiography of language sciences", and thus my perspective on Benveniste's work is mainly chronological and developmental. First part of the thesis concentrates on theoretical foundations of Benveniste's thought in the school of Paris (A. Meillet and M. Bréal), Prague (R. Jakobson and V. Skalička) and Copenhagen (texts around 1939). I point out the concept of language system in diachrony in A. Meillet's thinking and in Prague school and present a hypothesis about the role of Émile Bneveniste in their contact during the International congresses of linguists. This results into a description of the perspective of meaning as it was presented in Benveniste's 1962 lecture "Levels of linguistic analysis". Second part deals with Benveniste's concept linguistics of discours. First chapter explains the main concepts of Benveniste's theory of language: semiotics and semantics or the semiotical and the semantical (le/la sémiotique, sémantique), enunciation (énonciation), appropriation (appropriation) and the theory...
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Patterns of Czech Film-dramturgical Poetics
Csicsely, Lukáš ; Svatoňová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Klimeš, Ivan (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on Czech academic film dramaturgy. Dramaturgy in this sense refers to the activity of the dramaturge in the creation of a film work of art. His performance is theoretically grounded upon a long tradition beginning with Aristotle's Poetics, generally called poetics, and this thesis consists of a comparison of such film poetics published at FAMU, within the department of scriptwriting and dramaturgy, examined through the perspective of Prague structuralism, and with the mentioned traditions on background. No other theoretical work has dealt with this material so far, so my aim is to map the basic problems of this closed field, with an emphasis on how the tradition is adapted to the specific requirements of film.
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Transcendental Empiricism
Drbohlav, Jakub ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kouba, Petr (referee)
Present thesis attempts to lay foundations of interpretation of Deleuzeʼs project of transcendental empiricism as a transcendental critical philosophy which develops itself upon the critique of traditional metaphysics founded on representative thought. For understanding this project it is essential to grasp its relation to Kantʼs critical philosophy. Present thesis focuses mainly on the importance of Maïmonʼs critique of Kant and his suggested revision of Kantʼs philosophy for the Deleuzeʼs project. In the first chapter, critique of representative metaphysics and its consequences for Deleuzeʼs transcendental empiricism is pursued. Second chapter deals with the character of differential transcendental organization which Deleuzeʼs project develops. This organization will be interpreted as a symbolic structural space constantly changing in time, which represents Deleuzeʼs "philosophical interpretation" of Riemannʼs conception of continuous manifold. Third chapter will show the consistency of this unconscious transcendental space with our phenomenal subjective perspective and will sketch an explanation of its genesis through such transcendental organization.
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Uneven Development of the World Economy
Bílý, Boris ; Pavlínek, Petr (advisor) ; Ženka, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with inequalities within the Word economic development. The development is conceived in the context of world systems theory for the proper evaluation of this development. The question, whether there is a convergence or divergence across countries and groups of countries is an important question of contemporary studies of globalization. While proponents of modernization theory tend to say that countries converge, adherents of world systems theory mostly think the opposite. Another contribution of this work is the evaluation of economic development not based only on the production capabilities and growth. The approach is more complex and includes the development of the society as a whole. Therefore, Human development index was used for analysis and the researched period was set to 1980-2014 due to data availability. The analysis deals not only with inequalities between the parts of the world system, but partially also with inequalities within these parts. The theoretical part consists of discussion of the existing studies of world systems and economic development and explains the necessary terms and context. Practical part is made of own regionalization of the world into three parts of the world system (core, semiperiphery and periphery) based on criteria chosen according to...
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The Role of an Author in a Work of Art Based on Jan Mukařovský Focused on a Film
Lavická, Kristýna ; Borecký, Felix (advisor) ; Michalovič, Peter (referee)
In my thesis, I focus on the role of an author in a work of art, and film in particular, based on Jan Mukařovský. Firstly, I describe Mukařovský's structuralist concept of an art work. Thus, following Ferdinand de Saussure's ideas, he views a work of art as an autonomous sign. At the same time, he uses de Saussure's terms langue and parole. In this text, I explain Mukařovský's terms of an aesthetic function, a norm and a value. I also examine the difference between an individual and a subject of art, and between intentionality and unintentionality. I compare Mukařovský's view of the author with other theorists, namely, Umberto Eco, Roland Barthes and Michael Foucault. Hence, I show historical changes within the concept of the author, and also explain Pierre Levy's cyber-cultural understanding of it. In addition, I discuss other authors, who bring together film arts and the interplay of signs. In particular, I introduce James Monaco and Jerzy Plaževski, and connect their thoughts with ideas of Mukařovský. These authors create a bridge between the concept of a film author and Mukařovský, who does not discuss this authorship in particular. The focus here is on Jaroslav Vančát's theory of a multi-layered film, examining three layers of film with different authors. Focusing on films with actual actors,...
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Influence of Ferdinand de Saussure on French structuralism
Benešová, Aneta ; Hauser, Michael (advisor) ; Pelcová, Naděžda (referee)
The influence of Ferdinand de Saussure on French structuralism Ferdinand de Saussure is considered the founder of structural linguistics. His ideas went far beyond the bounds of linguistics, and he thus became a significant representative of structuralism, a school of thought that developed from his work. The present thesis will be concerned with Saussure's ideas, the basic terms that he established, and, above all, his impact on Claude Lévi-Strauss who employed Saussure's method in cultural anthropology, and applied it to totemism, blood relations or mythology. He laid the foundation for a diversified theoretical paradigm known as French structuralism.
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