|
|
Analysis of biological significant substances
Maděránková, Denisa ; Rychtárik, Milan (referee) ; Roleček, Jiří (advisor)
Selected methods of Raman spectroscopy, like surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and single molecule Raman spectroscopy, are described in this diploma work. The basis of two methods for numerical modelling of optical properties of micro- and nanoparticles are prefaced. The methods are Discrete Dipole Approximation and Finite Difference Time Domain. Micro- and nanoparticles are used in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and other nanospectroscopic methods. Further, the main instrumentation needed for Raman spectroscopy is described. The first part of experimental section of this work is numerical modelling of photonic nanojet that occures behind dielectric microparticles. This phenomenon leads to a new technique of confocal microscopy with Raman spectra measuring. The second experimental section contains results of Raman spectra measurement with beta-carotene and surface-enhanced Raman spectra of beta-carotene in silver-sol solution.
|
|
|
Molecular modelling - Structure and Properties of carbene-based catalyst
Kulovaná, Eva ; Hermanová, Soňa (referee) ; Richtera, Lukáš (advisor)
Pomocí molekulového modelování je možné předpovídat chování nových látek a napomáhá při jinak obtížné interpretaci experimentálních dat. Cílem práce byla predikce vybraných vlastností polymeračních katalyzátorů na bázi karbenů, predikce jejich struktur a spektrálních charakteristik a studie mechanismu polymerace za otevření kruhu laktidu. K ověření chování karbenů a jejich prekurzorů ve formě chloridů byly studovány vybrané charakteristiky molekuly. Byl proveden výpočet vybraných molekulových orbitalů a elektrostatických map. Následně pomocí počítačových programů byly získány teoretické vazebné délky a úhly vybraných imidazolových a imidazolinových sloučenin, karbenů a jejich možných produktů hydrolýzy. Data strukturně podobných, již charakterizovaných sloučenin, byla získána z CCDC (Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre) a následně byla konfrontována s vypočítanými daty. Byla změřena infračervená a Ramanova spektra imidazolové soli a infračervené spektrum příslušného karbenu. Tato spektra byla konfrontována s napredikovanými. Pro lepší interpretaci spekter byla spočítána spektra možných produktů hydrolýzy. Následně byl studován mechanismus polymerace za otevření kruhu laktidu. Na základě spočítaných energií stacionárních bodů byl navržen nový mechanismus polymerace.
|
|
|
Raman spectroscopy of biologically active species and antitumor drugs
Třeštíková, Liběna ; Vetterl,, Vladimír (referee) ; Vrána, Oldřich (advisor)
SERRS spektra of biological materials are very komplex, because they consist of signals from all molecules present in cells. In this text are presented SERRS spektra of antitumor drugs and its komplex with DNA. Experimental are rated on doxorubicin and another antitumor druha and on study of theirs potential by treatment for tumors. Doxorubicin belong to clase antracycline antibiotics and is used for stop of tumor cells reproduction. Scientists found still new ways, new drugs. SERRS is one of possibilities for study of this drugs and theirs interaction with DNA.
|
|
|
Preparation of graphene samples for experiments under UHV conditions
Mareček, David ; Mach, Jindřich (referee) ; Čechal, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with electrical conductivity of a graphene sample and preparation of a graphene field-effect transistor. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we describe electronic properties of graphene, preparation of graphene by CVD and its transfer to SiO_2. Experimental part of this thesis is focused on the preparation of a graphene field-effect transistor with long distance between Source and Drain electrodes. Thesis deals with a design of a chip expander for contact of graphene in UHV conditions. The last part describes measurement of dependency of graphene layer conductivity on the gate voltage with emphasis on the position of Dirac point during adjustments of the sample in UHV conditions.
|
|
|
Preparation of graphene layers by various methods and characterization of their properties
Zahradníček, Radim ; Bartošík, Miroslav (referee) ; Lišková, Zuzana (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the production of graphene by different methods. Graphene was prepared by mechanical exfoliation and chemical methods. Graphene oxide (GO) was first prepared by modified Hummers method and disolved the solution in isopropyl alcohol. It was subsequently reduced by photoreduction, UV radiation and thermal reduction. Produced graphene samples were characterized using optical microscopy, electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X$-$ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Measurement results and evaluation of production quality of graphene are shown in this work.
|
|
|
Molecular modelling - Structure and Properties of carbene-based catalyst
Kulovaná, Eva ; Zmrzlý, Martin (referee) ; Richtera, Lukáš (advisor)
Molekulové modelování umožňuje předpovídat chování nových látek a napomáhá při jinak obtížné interpretaci experimentálních dat. Záměrem našeho studia byla predikce vybraných vlastností polymeračních katalyzátorů na bázi karbenů, predikce jejich struktur a spektrálních charakteristik. K ověření chování karbenů a jejich prekurzorů ve formě chloridů byly studovány vybrané charakteristiky molekuly. Byla provedena vizualizace vybraných molekulových orbitalů a map elektrostatických potenciálů a elektronových hustot. Následně pomocí počítačových programů byly získány teoretické vazebné délky a úhly vybraných imidazolových a imidazolinových sloučenin a z nich připravených karbenů. Data strukturně podobných, již charakterizovaných sloučenin, byla získána z CCDC (Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre) a následně konfrontována s námi vypočítanými daty. Byla změřena infračervená (IČ) a Ramanova spektra imidazolové soli a IČ spektrum příslušného karbenu. Tato spektra byla konfrontována s napredikovanými.
|
|
|
Portable devices for infrared and Raman spectroscopy: methodology of their use within non-invasive survey of paintings in situ
Čermáková, Zdeňka ; Košařová, Veronika
Aim of the methodology is to determine the limits of use of currently available portable IR and Raman spectrometers for the analysis of painted artworks, describe the complicating factors during the measurement and especially within the subsequent interpretation of spectra, which is critical for the overall process. As a result, a practical guidance for the inclusion of non-invasive spectroscopic methods to standard survey of paintings is provided. The methodology is focused on easily portable spectrometers which can be introduce for the analysis of cultural heritage objects directly on-site, and which thereby achieve high flexibility of use.
Fulltext:  PDF; PDF
|
|
|
Microscopic characterization of graphene material and electronic quality across neighbouring, differently oriented copper grains
Čermák, Jan ; Yamada, T. ; Ganzerová, Kristína ; Rezek, Bohuslav
We study graphene grown across the boundary of three such grains having bright, medium, and dark color in reflection. Raman micro-spectroscopy proves presence of mostly a monoor bi-layer graphene on all the grains. Yet intensity of Raman 2D band is grain-dependent: highest at the darkest grain and lowest at the brightest one. Contrary, conductive atomic force microscopy detects the highest conductivity at the brightest grain and the lowest current at the darkest grain. This is attributed to dominant electrical current path through graphene and underlying oxide thickness of which also depends on the type of copper grain. We correlate and discuss the results with view to better understanding of graphene growth and electronic properties on large area copper substrates.
|
|
|
Raman tweezers for sorting of living cells
Pilát, Zdeněk ; Ježek, Jan ; Kaňka, Jan ; Šerý, Mojmír ; Jákl, Petr ; Zemánek, Pavel
We have developed an instrument for automatized analysis and sorting of living cells of unicellular algae and other micro-objects based on laser tweezers and Raman spectroscopy. The system comprises the Raman tweezers setup, special microfluidic chip, and a specialized software allowing image recognition, spectral analysis, and automated sorting functions. The resulting instrument allows non-destructive analysis of chemical properties of living cells and their automatic separation for further examination or cultivation.
|
|
|
Raman tweezers: principle and applications
Bernatová, Silvie ; Samek, Ota ; Pilát, Zdeněk ; Ježek, Jan ; Kaňka, Jan ; Šiler, Martin ; Zemánek, Pavel
Raman tweezers combines the optical trap for non-contact micromanipulation of micro-objects with Raman spectroscopy for chemical analysis of the sample. This combination presents an efficient tool for concurrent spectroscopic analysis of chemical composition and micromanipulation allowing sorting or probing of mechanical properties of the sample. Raman tweezers were successfully used for example in characterization of biomolecules like DNA, for sorting of cells and investigation of the link between their chemical and mechanical properties.
|
guest ::
