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The Activity of Organizations Supporting Civil Society in the Middle East: The Cases of Egypt and Turkey
Ahmed, Sarah Saad Mohmed ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Záhora, Jakub (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of International Relations Master's Thesis 2018 Sarah Ahmed CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of International Relations The Activity of Organizations Supporting Civil Society in the Middle East: The Cases of Egypt and Turkey Master's thesis Author: Sarah Ahmed Study programme: International Relations Supervisor: PhDr. Jan Hornát, Ph.D. Year of the defence: 2018 Declaration 1. I hereby declare that I have compiled this thesis using the listed literature and resources only. 2. I hereby declare that my thesis has not been used to gain any other academic title. 3. I fully agree to my work being used for study and scientific purposes. In Prague on 31.07.2018 Sarah Ahmed References AHMED, Sarah. The Activity of Organizations Supporting Civil Society in the Middle East. Praha, 2018. 106 pages. Master's thesis (Mgr.). Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Relations. Department of International Relations. Supervisor PhDr. Jan Hornát, Ph.D. Length of the thesis: 198,979 Characters. Abstract First, this thesis will be focused on democracy promotion and civil society as concepts that emerged and occupied a large scholarly literature. I deem...
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Russian patronage to unrecognized states since the annexation of Crimea: A cross case study of the Republic of Abkhazia and the PMR
Koelle, Heidi ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
Abstract: This master's thesis focuses on the obstacles of state building for the defacto states Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic ( Tranistria) and the Republic of Abkhazia. Both of which are break-away states from former soviet republics: Moldova and Georgia. The purpose is to give a cross country comparison of factors which hinder state building. Both states have their unique sets of challenges to integrating into a fully recognized state yet share many of the same obstacles. The factors that will be analyzed are relations to their Patron states; The Russian Federation and how this patron state contributes to these de facto states inability to democratize and gain outside recognition with other member state. These challenges for integration as full dejure states and participation within international institutions are a result of ethnic tension, corruption, authorities and complete dependence on Russia as a parent state. The other factors that will be analyzed is the Foreign policy of the Russian within its near abroad and their soft power tactics towards their compatriots.
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Non-Systemic Opposition in Russia 2011-2016
Koutník, Jan ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis examines why did the non-systemic opposition in Russia between 2011 and 2016 fail to reach any significant success. Even though during 2011 and 2012 Russia witnessed mass anti- government protests the non-systemic opposition was not able to enforce any relevant change in the regime, obtain representation in the state institutions or induce larger public dissatisfaction with the regime. The study analyses problematic internal features of the non-systemic opposition (lack of public support, coalition potential, election programs and campaigns, party financing) and external repressive means of the Vladimir Putin's regime against the opposition (legislation, direct confrontation, judicial trials, elections and means of rigging). The thesis offers a complex insight into the functioning of the non-systemic opposition in Russia in the observed period and accentuates the authoritarian character of the Russian regime. Based on the evaluation of the key variables the study concludes that the repressive policies of the regime cardinally affected the weakness and fragmentation of the non-systemic opposition which moreover was not able to overcome the internal conflicts and gain broader public support.
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The Hybrid Regime and the Democracy in Peru - the Regime of Alberto Fujimori
Veselý, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The diploma thesis "The Hybrid Regime and the Democracy in Peru - the Regime of Alberto Fujimori." will be focused on the regime of Alberto Fujimori in Peru in the scope of theories of hybrid regimes, a theory of "neopopulism" and a theory of "autogolpe". The theoretical frame of the thesis is based on theories of hybrid regimes by Larry Diamond and Guillermo O'Donnell, further on a theory of "neopopulism" by Kurt Weyland and a theoretical analysis of the "autogolpe" by Maxwell A. Cameron. The thesis will be focused on the fact whether the examined regime corresponds to one type of hybrid regimes based on criteria of the theoretical framework and whether it is the case of "neopopulism". As factors that could affect the form of Fujimori's regime there will be analysed campaigns of guerrilla groups Shining Path and MRTA and the solution of the economic crisis. The aim of the diploma thesis is the analysis of Fujimori's government, thus the finding, whether it is possible to mark the regime as hybrid and which type specifically. The thesis will use the method of comparative analysis for comparison purposes to compare countries where was or may be realized "autogolpe". Then there will be used a case study to describe the events that preceded the election of president Fujimori and then the description...
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Authoritarian regime in Iran. Early years of Pahalavis's rule.
Ducháčková, Michaela ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the Iranian regime in early years of Pahlavis rule and to apply Linz typology of non-democratic regimes. The theoretical part focuses on the characterization of each type of non-democratic regimes (except for posttotalitarianism) on the basis of Linz's four dimensions - pluralism, ideology, mobilization and leadership. The empirical part deals with certain aspects and features of regimes that are relevant for the evaluation, why the concept of authoritarianism is most suitable for Iran. Early years of Reza Shah's rule (1926 - 1933) and Mohammad Reza's rule (1953 - 1963) are analyzed separately. All the results are then summarized and both regimes are compared.
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Authoritarian Values and Electoral Behaviour in Slovakia
Slyško, Martin ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
Along with the right-left economical dimension of positioning of political parties and voters, there is also dimension of division along cultural and value items which is described as authoritarianism - libertarianism axis or sometimes conservatism - liberalism. In new democracies the division along clear support for liberal democracy on the one hand and support or toleration of non liberal use of power on the other hand is often very important. We distinguish between authoritarianism as orientation with tendency towards support for restrictive and hierarchical politics, which in some cases lead to non liberal variant of formally democratic order, and cultural conservatism, which has its roots mainly in higher level of religiosity. Authoritarian and conservative tendencies are to certain level associated with each other, nevertheless they do not create an integral complex. There is evidence of a group with authoritarian value orientation and culturally liberal position at the same time; in Slovak conditions it is the case of the electorate of left wing party Smer (Direction). Examining the opinion cleavage among Slovak public along cultural and value questions, we identify the biggest conflict potential of the authoritarian items as the mode of political rule and nationalism. Next significant...
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Reflection of the referendum and change of the constitution in Belarus 2004 in the Czech press
Drahovzalová, Michala ; Příhoda, Marek (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the referendum and constitutional change in Belarus in 2004 and the response of these events in the Czech press. The first part is theoretical, trying to define the form of the current political regime of Lukashenka's Belarus. The second part chronologically charts the political development in the country. This chapter covers the period shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the events of the nineties and the turn of the century followed by the discussed referendum and constitutional change. The third part provides an analysis of the Czech press - selected newspapers, socio-political magazines and professional journals - with an emphasis on their response to the referendum and related events.
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Authoritarian Regimes of Rhee Syng-man and Park Chung-hee
Bělinová, Anna ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Knotková, Vladimíra (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis entitled "Authoritarian Regimes of Rhee Syng-man and Park Chung-hee" aims to provide a comparative study of authoritarian regimes of the first two South Korean presidents, and their respective impact on the political system and society of South Korea. With the help of diachronic comparison methods, the author of this thesis focuses on the reasons behind the leaders' choice of regime, as well as on the overall changes in the form of government in South Korea which took place since the division of the Korean Peninsula until the end of the seventies.
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Between democracy and authoritarianism? The political development in Russia in 2000-2012
Anissimov, Roman ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Gutsul, Yulia (referee)
This work is dedicated to the development's description of the de-facto new political system in Russia after V.V. Putin's accession to power and examined an estimate of democracy. Despite the constitutional limits of the former political system (1991-2000) changed only a little, nevertheless, the comprehensive reconsideration of the relations among the institutions of the executive, legislative, judicial power occurred; the centre's politics according to the regions was revised, the Party System changed. The work's aim is the Russian political system's analysis from 2000 to 2012 and specifically its seven components: (executive, legislative, judicial power, electoral system, party system, municipal government and the role of the apolitical factors) and the assessment of the examined political system if it is democratic or authoritarian. In this work the differences' consideration between the legal limits of the realized reforms and their real influence on the Russian Political System's functioning as a single whole. Officially the democratic State System is assigned in the Russia's Constitution, nevertheless, the real Russian democracy is often doubtful because of its system's components which contradict the democratic form of the government. Besides the prerequisites of the Russian Political System's successful transition to the full value democracy are estimated in this work. The functioning's peculiarities of the Russia's political system taking into consideration the generally accepted democratic standards are analyzed with the help of the chosen theoretic conceptions in the work's text.
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Authoritarianism in Latin America on example of Hugo Chávez
Procházka, Michal ; Kochan, Jan (advisor) ; Němec, Jan (referee)
The main part of the thesis is analyzing the political system of Venezuelan government of Hugo Chávez and its classification between democratic, totalitarian political systems and authoritarianism. On the basis of an analysis of the changes in the country's political, economic and social structures between the years 1998 and 2009 and by using of an overview of the historical circumstances of the Latin American authoritarianism the thesis is trying to decide if the present Venezuelan political system could be classified as an authoritarianism or not. The thesis also includes the brief history of Latin America with accent on the time period of authoritarianism and the reasons for its numerous appearance, the rise of Hugo Chávez and the Venezuelan history before his election.
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