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Have fun as "then" - What we should know about communism but are afraid to ask
Bzenecká, Lucie ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Pullmann, Michal (referee)
This thesis is based on my stay at a retro "ROH recreation - holidays in Tatras as 'then'" organized and provided by one Czech travel agency whose major customers are elderly people. The thesis focuses especially on the motivation of these people to buy such a product, and describes how they spend a holiday like that. This detailed description is an extremely important starting point for clarifying the phenomenon known as nostalgia, which is also in relation to post-communist countries referred to as 'ostalgia". Using the concepts of social memory I show that next to the officially accepted version of history there is a large number of alternative and often contradictory "memories" based on small personal histories of everyday life, which do not include Communism as a political system, but "ordinary" life in the communist times. The main goal of my thesis is to try to find the answers to the question, whether that what the older generation misses is really the communist regime itself, or the sentence "it was better under communism" hides something completely different from mere identification with a particular political establishment. Key words: ROH recreation; communism; retro; nostalgia; social memory; habitus
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Frege and Husserl on Objectivity
Jankovská, Lenka ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Beran, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with early works of significant logi- cians and philosophers Gottlob Frege and Edmund Husserl at the turn of the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. Most importantly, it deals with their solution of the objectivity of arithmetic and the objectivity itself. At first they both started in the same direction and they har- shly rejected psychologism. They also introduced similar differentiation of sense and reference. According to Frege, the reference of a sentence is a truth value, however, according to Husserl, it is a state of affairs. The sense is the way of referring to an object, also called intentionality. The sense in a sentence is a thought according to Frege and it is a noema according to Husserl. They both put emphasis on objectivity of number but they gradually went in different direction. Frege identified number with extension of concept, however, this subsequently let his system to dispute. Husserl derived number by abstraction, which exposed him to Frege's harsh criticism. Key words Frege, Husserl, objectivity, logic
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Bernard Pannagl's musa panagaea
Zárybnický, Zdeněk ; Svatoš, Martin (referee) ; Matějec, Tomáš (advisor)
Bernard Pannag1 (1666-1734, from 1684 member of Societas Jesu) was a gymnaSIUm teacher, predicator and 1ibrarian in the C1ementinum college in Prague. On1y five books of him are known, all of them in latin. One of these is Musa panagaea (edited probab1y in J anuary 1729), a collection of his schoo1 dramatic works. We bring an edition of the first part of the Musa panagaea, name1y the p1ays Joannes Nepomucenus, Divus Joannes Baptista and Romulus, with an introduction to the latin schoo1 drama in the 17. and 18. century and with informations about the author. There are no standard rules for the editions of the latin texts from 17. and 18. century, just some recommendations. The interpunction of that age in Bohemia hasn't been described and explained in detail s yet, and iťs different from the interpunction, which is used in the czech language (and in the enghsh as well) today; in our edition we use the czech modem interpunction so as the text can be easily read by modem readers. In the transcription of the words we respect the specific aspects of the modem latin (as we know especially from the works of Bohuslav Balbín) and we don't rewrite them in the c1assical latin way. Using of accents in the Musa panagaea is regular and we describe some rules, which we respect in the transcription of the text, but these...
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Church administration of the region of Sušice in the late Middle Ages
Vlasák, Jiří ; Pátková, Hana (advisor) ; Zilynská, Blanka (referee)
Jiří VLASÁK, Church administration of the region of Sušice in the late Middle Ages, The thesis, Charles University in Prague, The Faculty of Arts, 2012, The thesis is about the church administration in the region of Sušice as part of Prácheň deanery, primarily in the late Middle Ages. The thesis is focused especially on parishes in terms of sponsorial laws, financial circumstances of churches and renting of presbyteries. The text also includes another kinds of benefices in region. The attention is also devoted to local clergy. As main source of information were used administrative sources of Czech archbishopric, primarily confirm and erection books and judicial documents from Prague consistory. For inclusion of the information into the context are also added the parts about Czech church administration in the late Middle Ages and mediaeval history of the Sušice region. Key words: Sušice, Prácheň deanery, 14th and 15th centuries, church administration, presbyteries
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Text segmentation
Češka, Pavel ; Pecina, Pavel (advisor) ; Podveský, Petr (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on basic pre-processing (tokenization and segmentation) of Czech texts, mainly for purposes of Czech internet corpus. The texts for this corpus will be automatically obtained from the world wide web, therefore the segmentation is preceeded by character encoding recognition, cleaning and language identification. We performed experiments with two methods of language identification and present their results. The first method is based on comparison of the most frequent n-grams (substrings of length n) extracted from an unknown document and a large Czech corpus. The second one employs a model estimating word probabilities by conditional probabilities of trigrams estimated on the same corpus. For wider usage, we developed a module for tokenization and identification of sentences boundaries by a decision tree analysis of the nearest context of potential sentence boundaries and utilizing extensive lists of Czech abbreviations. The decision tree was trained on a set of manually processed data. Its evaluation was based on independent human judgements and results are presented in the work.
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Using Marketing in Management of a Small and Medium-Size Business
Smejkalová, Kateřina ; Hesková, Marie (advisor) ; Harantová, Monika (referee)
diploma thesis at hand is titled "The Use of Marketing in Strategic Management and Planning in Small and Medium-sized Companies". The objective of the thesis is to create a meaningful, causal, systematic, and practically usable analysis of the given topic; and, subsequently, apply such academic knowledge in drafting a marketing strategy for the purposes of the company named SkiServis Kunžak (SPORT2000 Smejkal). The company in question is a retail outlet selling ski, snowboard, and cross-country ski equipment. Alongside with this, it provides servicing and rentals of the goods mentioned above. The needs of the company are determined by the need to respond constantly to evolving society and, in correlation, to increasingly dynamic and more demanding variability of the environment. At the current time, the most outstanding role is especially played by the social economic crisis. Creating a strategic marketing plan was selected as a key strategic weapon for SkiServis Kunžak. The principal means of achieving the objectives then include a selection of specific marketing communication strategy. SkiServis Kunžak (SPORT2000 Smejkal), a small company, had not elaborated their marketing strategy before this thesis was produced. Marketing and its issues had been tackled intuitively and randomly. To the largest extent, SkiServis Kunžak used to rely on word-of-mouth promotion in which satisfied customers would spread awareness of the company's existence and its scope of business. Given the varying conditions of existing markets, changes in values in society instigated by changes in values in individuals, and with regard to new demands, dynamics of competitors, etc., the management at SkiServis Kunžak (SPORT2000 Smejkal) decided to pay proper attention to the marketing strategy. The diploma thesis is divided into four major sections. The introductory section defines the root cause and motivation behind the selection of the topic for this thesis. Key questions are asked concerning the process of creating company's marketing strategy, and these are gradually answered during the process of tackling the subject matter. The second section observes the theoretical and methodological framework as a support for the following practical (applied) section. Theoretical grounds for the diploma thesis have been mostly compiled from professional literature. Thus, the theoretical module is prevailingly of compilation nature. Theoretical and methodological section is further divided into two subchapters. The first subchapter defines, in the given context, currently frequently used terms related to successful existence of small and medium-sized businesses in competitive market environment. Attention is paid to the following terms: "strategy", "innovation", "twenty-first-century marketing", "specifics of small and medium-sized companies", "strategic alliances". The second subchapter of the theoretical module specifies the strategic marketing plan. The text is structured and delivered in a more or less bullet point format because essential descriptions and contextual references are explained in preceding chapters. The text defines the following terms: "company's visions and targets", "marketing research", "critical success factors", "strategic situation analysis", "SWOT analysis", etc. The chapter also defines partial corporate strategy, i.e. marketing strategy. It specifies marketing targets that stem from company's targets and from a completed situational analysis. Out of all marketing strategies, the "marketing communication strategy" is considered best for the purposes of the applied section. The practical (applied) section, and the third module, takes into account former and existing facts relating to SkiServis Kunžak (SPORT2000 Smejkal) with a view of future orientation. Subsequently, the thesis introduces an applied situational analysis made through SWOT analysis followed by the draft of the marketing strategy itself through communication mix. The emphasis is, among others, put on the effort to "survive" the current economic crisis and preserve existing customers, increase company's market share, increase awareness of SkiServis Kunžak, etc. The final section synthetically summarizes fundamental results of individual analytic chapters. Also, the reader can find here an outline of the issues to be explored in the future.
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Cleft Sentences in Norwegian and French
Řeháková, Petra ; Štajnerová, Petra (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with cleft senteces in Norwegian and French. The analysis is carried out on Norwegian originals and their French translations. This makes it possible to study the cleft sentence in the same context. Cleft sentences in Norwegian were analysed from the functional sentence perspective, syntactic and morfological point of view. It means that I studied the contextual dependece or indepence of the sentence elements and their degree of communicative dynamism, syntactic function of the focused elements and which words represent the focused elements. The main aim of the thesis is to find out how cleft sentences are translated from Norwegian to French
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Structures of directive speech acts and strategies of politeness associated with them in the late medieval and early modern private epistolary English prose: a synchronic and diachronic perspective
Palivada, Katsiaryna ; Čermák, Jan (advisor) ; Klégr, Aleš (referee)
In this paper I have carried out a synchronic and diachronic analysis of the structural variations of directive speech acts in relation to politeness strategies involved in them. In my research I have employed both function-to-form and form-to-function methods of linguistic mapping, or, in other words, I combined a careful manual selection of samples from a limited study material (the collection of the Paston and Stonor family letters) and an automatic corpus-based research carried out on the material presented by the PCEEC. The work with the Paston and Stonor family letters was mainly devoted to the synchronic qualitative analysis of directives, whereas the corpus-based research was concerned with the quantitative presentation of the development of certain directive strategies throughout the 15th-17th centuries. In both synchronic and diachronic analysis I have tried to correlate different structural classes of directives with politeness strategies mentioned in the theory of politeness as postulated by Brown and Levinson (1987). When making judgements on the level of politeness of particular directive structures I also paid attention to the contextual and situational appropriateness of certain forms of directives in each particular case (Watts 2003), their conformity with the temporal variations in the...
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Ethical signifying in late Levinas
Bierhanzl, Jan ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Calin, Rodolphe (referee) ; Bensussan, Gérard (referee)
The paper here presented attempts to retrace the course of the ethical signifying. Although the main characteristic feature of this movement of signifying is the « for-the-other », we show that following the double phenomenological method called concretisation-andemphasis, Levinas accomplishes this movement by means of other features: « unique sense », « starting from the self », « despite oneself », « the other in the same », « I am an other », « for nothing » and « by the other ». The chapter II brings a borderline feature « one-for-all-the others » which articulates ethics with justice. It has an ambivalent status between brotherhood (responsability for the close neighbour and the distant one) and justice (relation between equals) and is a necessary, but not a sufficient condition for the genesis of language. Eventhough, this list is not exhaustive, but simply indicative. This paper is not anything more than a digression in the movement of ethical signifying, an infinite movement, which precedes diachronically every attempt to give an account of it and interrupts the sense that the author believes putting in words. Then the investigations here presented can be interpreted as different modalities of the Un-saying (Dédire in french) of the Said which consists in putting in evidence the exception of the...
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The rococo aestetics in the Marivaux's dramas
Očenáš, Marek ; Pohorský, Aleš (advisor) ; Jamek, Václav (referee)
In cornparison to the superiority of c1assicisrn, the art and the literature of 18th century were considered decadent already during the period of its inception. The decorative style which was fashionable in the first half of this century was called "rocaille". The name of "rococo style" was created by putting together two words "rocaille" and "baroco" (baroque). This term refers to irregularity and to non-uniformity. That's why the current tlowery love style of language is titled also "late baroque style" in France. This term isn't convenient, because nowadays people aren't used to tum to supematural world, but by putting accent on sensibility of individual they prefer earthly joys that need to be changed to avoid uniformity. By diverging frorn c1assicist roles of the Louis XIV's century, the art of the first half of 18th century differs frorn the baroque style also in the literature, even though sorne tendencies are the same in both styles. In the 60's of 20th century, there are sorne literary works whose authors are trying to justify validity of rococo style also in the literature, as its decorative style was already acknowledged by historians of art. Following these innovating thoughts and the study frorn Jean Weisgerber, the purpose ofthis dissertation is to prove the originality of the literature of...
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