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The Truman Doctrine: Greece and Turkey
Urban, Petr ; Smetana, Vít (advisor) ; Fojtek, Vít (referee)
In this paper, I compare the causes, development and effect, that the promulgation of the Truman Doctrine had. I argue that the theses, declared by President Truman contrasted fundamentally with the subsequent advancement of their application to contain communism in Greece and Turkey. I prove this incompatibility on the analysis of (1) the causes, why the Doctrine was promulgated in the United States, with stress on the Turkish Straits crisis of 1946, (2) the American economic and military aid to Greece in 1947-1948 and (3) the strategic support of Turkey by the United States. This triplet of events forms the backdrop to the three related aims, which the authors of the Doctrine pursued. One was to garner domestic support for a swift change in the American foreign policy towards the role of a world superpower. The second aim was to forestall the expansion of the Soviet sphere of influence (to contain communism) and the final aim was the support of freedom and democracy as a means of countering the communist ideology. The three given points contrast with the actual problems that threatened Greece and Turkey. By analyzing the key events surrounding the Truman Doctrine through the years 1946 to 1948 I look for the reason for its success. I see it in the combination of a moralist ideological attitude on...
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Alevis in the Federal Republic of Germany today
Pinerová, Klára ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Malečková, Jitka (referee)
Title: Alevis in the Federal Republic of Germany Today Author: Klára Pinerová Department: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, Institute of Near Eastern and African Studies Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Luboš Kropáček, CSc. Alevis supported Atatürk's policy of secularization after World War I. The first President of the Republic of Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, selected elements of Alevi culture with which to construct a new Turkish national identity. Although it appeared that the Alevi identity would dissolve and transform into a single Turkish one, in connection with changed religious policy in the 1980s, the Alevi religious movement instead began to internally mobilize and renew their cultural and religious identity. This was true not only for the Alevi movement in Turkey but also in Germany. Alevis managed to organize and create interconnected networks of organizations across Germany, Turkey and throughout Europe during the last twenty years demonstrate a confident public presence. Alevis in Germany emphasize that they are part of German society, not strangers. They established numerous clubs and organizations representative of the Alevi movement in the struggle for recognition of their rights as a religious group in Germany and in Turkey. They have integrated Alevi religious instruction...
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Forms of Islam in 21st-century Turkey among university students
Vlková, Karolina ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Halík, Tomáš (referee)
Due to the efforts of the first president Kemal Atatürk Turkey has changed its face and that also had an impact on Islam. Today Islam is not the state religion in Turkey, nor is the sharia the state's legislative. The forms of Islam have also changed. It is easily visible on the women's clothing. That, which used to be (or in other countries still is) considered absolute, has become relative in Turkey. My task is to explore how much are these notions about the state of Islam in Turkey accurate. It is too broad t theme to consider the whole of Turkey, so I limit my research to the university students. For it is there, where we can see the direction the development of Islam in Turkey will take in the next generation. The globalization and other influences just as much as nationalist and traditional influences are most visible in this area. I want to determine how the students view not only Islam and the Muslim responsibilities, but the western world as well. I use fieldwork to achieve that. The method is interviews with students from different schools. Besides that I also observe the daily habits of students. And of course the students' own comments concerning their religious activity/passivity.I found out that there is a "Turkish Islam" with influences of nationalistic ideology. With modernization by Atatürk...
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Democracy and Islam
Bláhová, Pavlína ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Dopita, Tomáš (referee)
The bachelor thesis Democracy and Islam explores the compatibility of democracy and political Islam in its current and historical context. The main object of the study is to identify crucial principles, which are shared by both, democracy and Islam and also on the contrary, identify main principles of these two systems which exclude one another. The variables, which I examine in order to compare democracy and Islam, are following: political systems in democratic and Islam countries, which includes electoral system, sources of political authority, attitude toward the political opposition etc. Other elements that need to be examined are sources of law and compatibility of Islamic law Shari'a with the basic principles of human rights. Human rights are other important article that describes relationship between democracy and Islam. The comparison of theoretical Islam and democracy creates a first part of the study. The second part is dedicated to the implementing of democracy into the Islamic system in praxis. The first case shows Turkey's approach to the democracy, advantages and traps that transfer to the democracy can bring. Democratization of Turkey is then compared to Iran and its historical development toward the democracy. The two cases also show the difference between ideal, theoretical Islam...
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Turkish membership in the EU: French, German and British Perspectives
Dražilová, Dominika ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Najšlová, Lucia (referee)
The accession of Turkey to the EU has become one of the major unresolved issues of European integration and leads directly into bigger debates about the underpinnings and purpose of the EU. Should Turkey be a Member State with full rights or be connected to the through a yet undefined special relationship? That is the kind of question many are asking nowadays. Every Member State of the European Union has a different vision of Europe, with different views of how the Union should be defined and on what foundations it should be based. This work explores the relationship between the concept of Europe held by a country's political elite, through analysing its discourse, and the country's position towards Turkish EU membership. Three cases are presented: France, Germany and the United Kingdom.
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Turkey's accession to the European Union - Democratization Process in Turkey and Rights of the Citizens of Kurdish Origin
Trakslová, Michaela ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyze and interpret the basic parameters and progress of the human rights of the Kurds in Turkey in the context of accession negotiations with European Union, as well as confirmation of the assumption, that EU pressure on Turkey in the context of accession negotiations leads to the strengthening of human rights and fundamental freedoms of the Kurds. This assumption is verified by comparison of the situation of human rights of the Kurds in the time, when Turkey was admitted candidate status and situation at present. The comparison will be based primarily on the Regular Report on Turkey's Progress Towards Accession for the year 1998 and the Regular Report on Turkey's Progress Towards Accession for the year 2009. The work also mentions the theme of Kurdish nationalism and the effect of the Kurdistan Workers Party, and the motives, which led the European Union and Turkey to joint meetings about accession, and mentions as well other factors such as the Turkish economy, and geography.
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Comparation of preparedness of Turkey and Croatia to join the European Union
Šlapal, Jan ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Bocianová, Kateřina (referee)
After the Eastern enlargement in the year 2004 and 2007 the European Union is on the threshold of another expansion. Turkey and Croatia are the first countries that received the official candidate status. Turkey is the longest waiting contender for the adoption into the European Union structures; Croatia is the most anticipated candidate to receive the membership. The thesis "Comparison of preparedness of economies of Turkey and Croatia to join the European Union. " aims to compare the economic preparedness of these two countries for European Union full membership and also detects the cons and pros of possible integration. The goal of this thesis is to answer the question whether it is the theory of neo-realism or the theory of neo-functionalism that explains the current accession process of Turkey and Croatia to the European Union. In the past the European integration has overcome many obstacles, has achieved many substantial results and due to its effectiveness has managed to extend the territory of peace, stability and prosperity across the continent. The coming sixth wave of enlargement has a difficult goal but it is also a great challenge that can change again the map of European Union and extend its operation and influence into Asia Minor and the western Balkans.
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The Final Externalization of the Others and its Consequences for the Turkish Foreign Policy
Chvátal, Viktor ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of Turkish Foreign Policy (TFP) towards the sub- regions of Central Eurasia (the Middle East and Central Asia) in the period between 1991 and 2010. Theoretically, this thesis combines a modified version of social constructivism with the assumptions of critical geopolitics. Interconnecting social constructivism with the Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA), this thesis targets the domestic level of analysis. Therefore, the ideational background of the decision-makers is examined. Although, the potential impact of the identity variable on the TFP articulation is investigated after 1991 only, the genesis of the long-term identity conflict within the Turkish (Ottoman) society is also included in the analyses. Given the geopolitical part, this thesis draws upon the basic critical insight that the geopolitical argumentation is based on discursive rather than material factors. The aim is to identify the geopolitical metaphors which had been, in the examined period, applied while dealing with the above mentioned sub-regions. At this stage, the theoretical approaches are logically synthetized and the genesis and usage of the geopolitical metaphors is examined in relation to the identity of those who formulated them. This diploma thesis proves that the identity conflict...
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Role of UNHCR in case of asylum seekers, refugees and stateless persons – the case study of Turkey
Unzeitigová, Klára ; Novotná, Markéta (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Alžběta (referee)
Inspired by the Kratochvíl, Cibulková and Beník´s model of actorness, the thesis explores the framing power of UNHCR. The critical discourse analysis introduced by Norman Fairclough is applied in order to analyze the textual, contextual and sociocultural dimension of the UNHCR framing power. The case of Turkey was chosen for this study due to the current situation and the fact that Turkey is one of the biggest hosting country in the refugees´ crisis. Through the critical discourse analysis, the thesis explores whether UNHCR is considered as a framing actor in the case of asylum seekers, refugees and stateless people in Turkey. The analysis shows that UNHCR is globally respected and takes important part in the issue. However, not all of the international organizations refer to UNHCR as the lawmaker and the initiator of debates in the issues mentioned above.
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Turkey as a destination of international tourism
Kořínková, Kateřina ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor) ; Kalábová, Markéta (referee)
The subject matter of my research is Turkey as a destination of international tourism. The main aim of my diploma thesis is to assess the overall standing of Turkey as a destination on the international tourism market with respect to both positive and negative externalities. The first chapter is dedicated to a theoretical definition of international tourism including the conditions of its development. The second chapter presents basic information on Turkey, current economic situation and effects of tourism on Turkish economy. In the last chapter, an international comparison is made to analyse Turkish tourism itself.
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