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Standardization of work and working conditions regarding to safety in selected company
KOČEROVÁ, Dana
The aim of this work is not only to be familiar with the history and current legislation relating to health and safety at work, but mainly with the application of legal standards in the specific conditions of the selected company with a focus on selected workplace. Occupational health and safety of workers in the performance of work tasks is one of the fundamental duty of every employer. This obligation arises mainly from the Labour Code, which imposes a number of duties and rights not only on the employers but also on the employees and trade unions. The main pillar of occupational health and safety at work is the searching and evaluation of risks at work - prevetion of risks at work. An integral part of this problem is the categorization of work, safety of technical equipments, personal protective equipment, work hygiene, occupational medicine. Equally important is the area of fire protection and ecology.
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Workplace violence - mobbing and bossing
Pocová, Vanda ; Beneš, Milan (referee) ; Tureckiová, Michaela (advisor)
Originating from an individual or a group of individuals and targeted against another individual, mobbing and bossing are two forms of workplace violence which can include persistent and constant attacks, rather psychological by their nature. Any employee can be the mobber, whereas the bosser is always the superior of the subject of bossing. The abuser aims to humiliate and subjugate the victim's personality, as a result of which the victim leaves the workplace - either voluntarily or by means of dismissal. The situation involves not only the abuser and the abused but also co-workers, superior and/or personnel managers. This bachelor thesis provides an insight to the origin and use of the terms Mobbing and Bossing. I have described individual phases of conflict development, behaviour of individual parties involved and impacts on victim's health. The final part looks at the existing European and Czech studies on this topic and the workplace violence prevention.
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Nursing Care about Patient with Phlebothrombosis
KREJČOVÁ, Zuzana
Vein thrombosis (phlebothrombosis) is a disease which affects one if the parts of the deep vein system, when the vein is completely or partly blocked by a blood clot. This disease is, after the ischemic disease and hypertension, among the most common cardiovascular diseases at hospitalized people. This disease affects most often the veins in lower limbs and pelvis but it can also affect upper limbs (Skalická, 2006; Karetová, Bultas, 2009b). In case of the clot tearing off and moving into the pulmonary artery one of the most dangerous complications can occur ? pulmonary embolism. This can even lead to a death. Not only early diagnosis, but also suitable treatment, prevention and follow up care are important (Šárník, 2002). The main objective of the bachelor thesis was to find out specifications of nursing care and the most common nursing problems of a patient with phlebothrombosis. Three main research tasks were set, to find out specifications of the nursing care, the most common nursing problems and what areas the nursing care of a patient with phlebothrombosis should focus on. A qualitative method of research survey was applied to meet the tasks. The research survey was conducted in selected hospitals in the South Bohemia region, in the České Budějovice hospital, JSC, and Písek hospital, JSC. As the data collection technique, an individual, half-structured interview recorded in writing was used. The research group was compiled of 2 respondent groups. The first group were nurses working at internal departments. The selection criterion was their working at internal departments, were the patients with phlebothrombosis are treated. The second group were patients suffering from phlebothrombosis. By analysis of the collected data 4 categories were created, equal for both the nurses and the patients. Finding out the nursing care specifications at a patient with phlebothrombosis is necessary both for his treatment and his education. The respondents and nurses classified the following treatments as the medical treatment specifications: limbs bandaging, Fraxiparin application, Warfarin usage and the corresponding diet, rehabilitation and the follow-up care outside the hospital. Nevertheless, in the area of rehabilitation, complication symptoms and risk factors, shortcomings at respondents´ replies were identified. For the patient´s education it is necessary for the nurse to be familiar with the issue and to be able to use it in practice. The nurses demonstrated knowledge of Fraxiparin application, limbs bandaging, Warfarin usage and the corresponding diet. It was not difficult for them to understand he thrombosis issues. They were able to name risk factors, symptoms, prophylactic measures and the most dangerous complication, the pulmonary embolism. The interviews resulted in finding, that the nurses are well informed and they can pass the knowledge on to the patients. Despite the right education from the nurses we cannot avoid occasional omission of the treatment by the respondents. The respondents stated that sometimes they omit Warfarin usage, bandages application or they do not keep the diet properly. According to the nurses, the biggest problem for the patients is to keep the rest regime. The survey results showed that the respondents are quite well educated by the nurses. They proved it by their knowledge of applications, keeping the treatment regime, and by their awareness of their disease. Most of the respondents undergo the follow-up care, either at internal departments or at their general practitioner. The nursing care of a patient with phlebothrombosis focuses on the area of education, disease diagnosis, treatment and the disease influence on the patient´s life.
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What does make teachers stressed?
LOJDA, Josef
The thesis deals with the issue of stress in teachers. The concepts of teacher, stressor, stress and burn out syndrome are explained, as well as the connection between them. The theoretical part is focused on the stress prevention and the defense against stress. The aim of the practical part is to detect the main stressors in teachers, as well as the frequency and the intensity of their stress and negative emotions experience with regard to their professional age, sex and specialization. Further, teachers' knowledge about stress and their effort to prevent themselves from experiencing it are investigated.
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Prevention and Early Diagnostics of Health Damage Caused by Welding
Slaninová, Jarmila ; Kneidlová, Monika (advisor)
This thesis deals with welding. There is mentioned the issue of the definition of welding, welding methods, risk factors of this work, possible risks of welder's health, possibilities of prevention and protection of health. The work is based on the evaluation of risk factors that are present in this profession. Their categorization, made by Czech and Slovak government, is given in the comparative tables that are part of Chapter 4. Chapter 5 (Impact of work on the health of welders) contains the possible negative effects of work on the health of welders. It talks about the potential risk of the eye, ear, skin, respiratory, muscular and joint system, the possibility of tumors associated with the work and poisoning. Particular attention is paid to the risk of respiratory system, especially for pneumoconiosis of welding, which is in chapter 9 picked as a basis for comparison with the curve of the balance sheet reporting of all professional diseases in the Czech Republic at the time period of 2002-2007. Chapter 6 (Prevention and precautions in welding) refers to the conditions of inclusion the work in terms of risk categories, which are very important in terms of prevention. In chapter there is explained the system of possible preventive examinations. The end of the chapter is an overview of protective...
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A social-cognitive analysis of bulling in high-school students.
Kolářová, Kateřina ; Janošová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Vágnerová, Marie (referee)
Bullying at school is nowadays a widely discussed topic. In her thesis, the author tried to summarize this topic and then evaluate the opinions of high school students on bullying. The problem is enhanced by relational dimension in the classroom. In the theoretical part the author deals with the overall problem of bullying, definition of key terms, definitions and focuses on bullying in school. She seeks to understand the dynamics of bullying, its penetration, stages, and its aftermath. She focuses on the personality of the victim, aggressor and other stakeholders. The theoretical part also discusses the investigation of bullying and bullying prevention alone. The theoretical part is followed by a practical part, which the author divided into three separate parts: The first part is aimed at preventing bullying and possible solutions using cognitive education. The author observed an anti-bullying intervention program in one elementary school in Prague. Based on this observation, the author described game methods, which improved the climate inside the given class. The second part focuses on research among students of selected secondary schools. Using a questionnaire, the author tries to obtain an opinion of today's students on bullying, how to approach it and if they have encountered it. The research...
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THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE INSURED PEOPLE IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM
RAJČANOVÁ, Beata
I chose this theme for my thesis because I believe that everything concerning health care is widely discussed nowadays. Because of the interconnection between insurance and health care, everyone should have at least basic knowledge about this topic, most importantly about the rights and obligations. This thesis summarizes both rights and obligations of an insured person. Since this is a theoretic thesis, I decided to base it on various expert sources and unite the information about each right and obligation. In recent years the health care system is often being reformed and novelized, this thesis concerns the rights and obligations of an insured person as they are listed in Section 11 and 12 of Act No. 48/1997 Coll., on Public health insurace. Because of the fact that every insured person could also be a patient, I also followed up Act No. 372/2011 Coll., on Health care services and terms and conditions for the provision. In this thesis I explain crucial terms regarding health insurance, thus I concentrate on what insurance is and on its history. Partially I also focused on historical development of health insurance, which is connected to social politics and social security. These issues are included in some of my school subjects, so I think it is appropriate to mention the historical background. Other part of this bachelor thesis concerns legislation and principles, which the general health insurance is based on. These principles cover mandatory involvement in public health insurance, freedom of one's choice among health insurance companies and doctors, and the principle of solidarity. Then there is the main part of the thesis, which concerns individual rights and obligations. From rights of an insured person, the right to choose your health insurance company and associated issues , or the right to choose the provider of health services in the territory of the Czech Republic, are worth a mention. Widely discussed right nowadays is the right for time and place availability and also the right for inspection of provided health service. In my opinion it is important to mention a project called "Karta života" (The Card of life), which is run by ZPMV ČR and ČPZP. I would also like to mention an important right - the exercise of rights in the European Union. Nowadays a lot of people travel for work or recreation and they are surely interested in the ways the health insurance work in the European Union and individual states. There are also obligations of an insured person worth a mention - for example the obligation to notify the insurance company and the employer, and also the reimbursement of insurance, because every insured person is obliged to pay for health insurance. I believe that prevention (meaning to undergo preventive examinations when asked), is another important obligation. Since January 2014 all health insurance companies started to send invitations to clients as a part of a project called "Systém podpory prevence vybraných nádorových onemocnění v ČR screeningové programy" (System for support of prevention of selected neoplastic diseases in the Czech Republic - screening programmes). I think that health insurance companies are taking a step in the right direction with this preventive programme. Large amounts of money can be saved thanks to correct prevention. In my opinion we all should focus on prevention in the future - particularly on preventive examinations, vaccinations, etc.
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Diseases caused by ionizing radiation and their prevention
Hřib, Zdeněk ; Hrnčíř, Evžen (advisor)
3 SUMMARY The text summarizes some of the newest knowledge about effects of the ionizing radiation on various levels of the biological systems and recent recommendations for radiological protection. First chapter of this diploma work gives a brief definition of ionizing radiation, possible sources, summary of its interactions with matter and description of the dosimetric quantities. Second chapter focuses on biological effects of the ionizing radiation. With development of micro-beam technology, the newest research has finally confirmed the assumption of DNA as the main target cell structure for ionizing radiation damage. Apart from well known stochastic effects (cancerogenic and those, causing hereditary and chronic diseases) caused by non-lethal cell damage and organ and tissue reaction (formerly known as non-stochastic or deterministic effect, eg. acute radiation syndrome, acute local damage, chronic radiodermatitis and cataract) caused by lethal cell damage also issues like low dose threshold, in utero exposure risk and newest recommendations for weighting factors are discussed here. Last chapter is dedicated to targets and principles of radiological protection for patients, workers and other population.
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The nursing process for children with ear disease
VONDRÁKOVÁ, Zuzana
Ear diseases in childhood are relatively frequent. Of these, the most affecting and threatening the children in infant, toddler and preschool age is an infection of the middle ear. Despite the increasing quality of healthcare and development of vaccines that contribute to a reduction of the number of children diagnosed with acute otitis media, occurrences of these inflammations are still frequent. Inflammation of the ear is accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms and as well as other diseases it requires specific treatment and care. Going through an inflammation of the middle ear is for the child an unpleasant and often very painful experience. This disease also brings its own risks in terms of complications. Although its course is mostly without complications and treatment is directed by a pediatrician, we are dealing with cases where it is necessary to hospitalize a child patient. This work in its theoretical part refers to the types of otitis media, prevention, risk factors and complications. It describes the diagnosis, treatment and care for a child with otitis media. It also deals with the awareness of parents, points to a nursing problems associated with inflammation of the middle ear and the specifics of child care. In the empirical part of this thesis, two objectives were set. The first objective was to map the state of awareness of parents about the risk factors and preventive measures to prevent otitis media. The second objective was to determine the incidence of the most common problems in nursing care for children with otitis media. Four research questions were set for these objectives and it was: How are parents being educated regarding risk factors that can lead to ear disease of children? How are parents being informed about preventive measures to prevent ear disease in children? How parents perceive education on inflammatory diseases of ears? What are the most common problems in nursing care for a child with inflammatory diseases of the ears? For the processing of the empirical part of the research it was chosen quantitative research. The survey was carried out using the methods of data collection through semi-structured interviews. It was designed for two nurses working in GP for children and adolescents and four nurses working in the pediatric department. Another research group consisted of parents of children. Half of them had experience with caring for their own child who has undergone at least one ear infection. Respondents were before the start of the interview informed about the reason and purpose of the research. Interviews were held up with the express consent of each respondent addressed. Interviews were carried out on a pre-arranged location in the period March-May 2014. They were recorded using a voice recording and a written record. After that, the interviews were transcribed and processed into categories and subcategories. This gave rise to four categories: Awareness of Parents, Education of Parents, Knowledge of Parents and Inflammation of the Middle Ear.
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International Trade and Maritime Transport of Oil and its environmental consequences
Lindnerová, Markéta ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Sato, Alexej (referee)
Ropa je strategickou surovinou. Při přepravě ropy se uplatňuje stále vlivnější ekologický faktor a ohledy na trvale udržitelný rozvoj naší planety. Množství mezinárodních úmluv se věnuje bezpečnosti námořní dopravy, prevenci havárií, ale i odpovědnosti a prostředkům na nápravu škod ropného znečištění. Jak vyplývá ze studií OECD společenské náklady ropného znečištění jsou značné. Vyplacené náhrady škod, které zdaleka nepokryjí veškeré náklady, se promítají i do ceny ropy, ovšem jen v malé míře. Větší finanční zapojení ropného průmyslu do úhrady nákladů ropného znečištění by tak nemělo vést k výraznému zvýšení ceny ropy a negativním výkyvům ve světové ekonomice.
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