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Surfaces of Building Practice
Surynková, Petra ; Voráčová, Šárka (referee) ; Šarounová, Alena (advisor)
My diploma thesis Surfaces of Building Practice deals with the basic properties of surfaces, their mathematical description, categorization, and application in technical practice. Each studied surface is defined and its process of construction and parametrical description is listed. The thesis studies selected types of surfaces in details - these surfaces include surfaces of revolution, ruled surfaces, screw surfaces, and translational surfaces. An application of each studied surfaces is shown and each surface is accompanied with a picture. The thesis also contains a picture attachment with photographs of buildings from all over the world on that the studied surfaces visibly appear. The diploma thesis has an attached DVD that contains studied surfaces as models created in the Maple program, presentation with animations showing creation of selected surfaces, and the diploma thesis in the electronic format. Apart from these, the DVD contains source files of all pictures in the thesis. The thesis is outlined as an educational text for the teachers and the students of descriptive and differential geometry, and for those interested in architecture as well.
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King, knight, squire and their virtues according to the Old Czech romance Tristram and Izalda
Kotrbová, Jana ; Fantysová Matějková, Jana (referee) ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor)
The thesis deals with an Old Czech novel in verse Tristram and Izalda. Initially, I examine the genre of chivalric novel in the context of Czech literature of the thirteenth and fourteenth century. I am interested in the view of literary history on these texts and primarily in the assessment of Tristram and Izalda. I pursue the reception of the Tristanian topic in the Czech environment, which has first been introduced to the German versions of this epic. The Old Czech translation from second half of 14th century gains from three German sources that are variously combined. I endeavour to use the novel as a source reflecting the ideological world of the Czech aristocracy of late mediaeval times. I have defined - on the basis of the characters present in the novel - four social groups: rulers, knights and court officials, noble women and servants. On the selected virtues - faithfulness, generosity, wisdom and honour - and social relationships - friendship, marriage and love - I observe the way of their depiction at individual social groups. Each social position carries different expectations. The attribution of characteristic features and the preferred type of behaviour reveal a clear hierarchy. The central character is the knight, to whom the other groups are always specifically related. In my opinion, the...
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Thinking about literary translation in the Netherlands and in Flanders in the second half of the 20th century
Havlínová, Alžběta ; Rakšányiová, Jana (referee) ; Krol, Ellen Jacoba (advisor)
The Dutch speaking area has always been a rich source of texts about literary translation and the academic translation research in the Netherlands and in Flanders is world-famous. Since the half of the 20th century, the study of literary translation underwent a crucial development. This descriptive work depicts the state and the development of thinking about literary translation in the Netherlands and in Flanders in the second half of the 20th century. Attention is paid to various aspects of literary translation: Academic research of literary translation, translation scholars, their theories and works; institutions where literary translation is/was studied and taught and the didactics of literary translation; an overview of translation organizations, associations, prizes and funds supporting literary translation and translators; different attitudes of academic translation schol ars and non-academic writers of essays about literary translation; the situation of literary translators on the Dutch and Flemish market.
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The Czech translations of Rilke's "Sonette an Orpheus"
Otterová, Michaela ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
Since the personalities of the translators and their methods are so different, it is difficult to compare the six translations of poems by Rilke. Nevertheless common characteristics can be found. First of all, everyone keeps the original form of the sonnet. This statement seems less trivial when we think of the French translation praxis, where transformation of poetry to prose is a standard. We might also think of Jakub Deml, who (due to lack of time) poeticized a small choice from the Book of Images in prose. The fact that Czech translators usually stick to the original poetic form attests both the high level of the tradition of translation in this country and the creative ambition of Czech mediators. On the other hand we can observe a certain indifference towards the Rilke-scholarship among the six translators. It could be proved that Renč knew the monograph on Rilke by Holthusen, it however didn't have any impact on his translation. This kind of deficiency is even more obvious in Pokorný, who suggest the interpretative approach, yet doesn't know the myth of Orpheus in detail. Vítek is aware of the "intellectual anatomy" of the collection of poems, but he doesn't make any use of this knowledge. Another token of the ignorance of the original texts that the translators have in common is the transformation...
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Walter Scott's historical novel in anglo-american context and in Czech translations
Mohrová, Hana ; Mánek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Kalivodová, Eva (advisor)
The dissertation deals with the reception of new and world-acclaimed genre of Walter Scott's historical novel and its forms in specific cultures. The theoretical part of this dissertation is focused on comparing the reception of Scott's prose in the original Anglo-Scottish context, in North American cultural context with special emphasis on the context of the American South, and in Czech context. The researching of the two English speaking cultural contexts proves our hypothesis claiming that every single cultural context shapes its own interpretation. Such cultural interpretation in the non-English speaking context materialises in the form of translations. Each chapter on the reception in given cultures deals with the unprecedented success of the new genre of historical novel as established by Walter Scott. When describing the reception the dissertation uses period reviews and criticisms, and monographs dealing with Scott's reputation. In comparison with the Czech reception, which manifests itself as nationally conscious only allusively (in cultural responses, in the choice of novels to be translated, in their texts and paratexts), the reception in North America manifests itself as the transformation of the influence of Scott's works on original literature and also in cultural attitudes and social life....
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Memoirs of the empress Catherine II. and Personal correspondence of Catherine the Great and prince Grigory Potemkin in Czech translations
Žídková, Ivana ; Oganesjanová, Danuše (referee) ; Rubáš, Stanislav (advisor)
The objective of this thesis is to compare the books II and II ... with their respective Czech translations. Unfortunately, the second publication is translated from a French original, and therefore we cannot analyze it. Empress Catherine II reigned between 1762 and 1796 and definitely belongs among significant rulers of the Russian empire. The introduction sketches out Catherine's character. We learn that she was quite well-read for her times, she had noble ideas and she was not in a hurry to realize them. She authored many tracts, theater plays, articles and her own memoirs. Those were meant to present her own persona, to justify her actions, and at the same time they were supposed to remain a permanent memory of the empress. Despite Catherine's stylistic ambitions, her writing does not reach the same artistic qualities as that of other writers. Her focus is on the content rather than on the form. That is also one of the characteristics of memoirs that belong to a documentary-artistic literature. Memoirs are likely to contain scholarly themes and that requires special preparation by the translator. The translator should not omit nor add anything and should provide explanation for difficult parts. We were interested in how this translator, Věra Amelová, approached the old-fashioned and challenging text...
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Generalization and specification of lexical meaning in contemporary translation of fiction
Kubáčková, Jana ; Čermák, František (referee) ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to discuss the notions of generalization and specification as universal trends in translation and potential candidates for the status of universals of translation. Methods used in empirical research are also discussed in some detail. Chapters 1 and 2 focus on generalization and specification in the context of Descriptive Translation Studies, Corpus-Based Translation Studies and the work of the translation scholar Jiří Levý. Chapter 2 further attempts to present a comprehensive picture of both potential universals by examining the notion of lexical meaning and the issue of synonymy in the context of lexicology and stylistics. Finally, it draws attention to typological (systemic) differences between Czech and English and the impact these differences have on shifts of lexical meaning in terms of generalization/specification and on the use of electronic corpora. Chapter 3 outlines the three following stages of empirical research in terms of materials and methods. It presents a description of the three sets of corpora (a large monolingual comparable corpus, a parallel unidirectional English-Czech corpus, and a parallel corpus of one original and two translations), the choice of texts, reference corpora and corpus-processing software tools. Texts analysed in the three types of corpora...
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Clause analysis in Czech conmplex sentences
Krůza, Oldřich ; Lopatková, Markéta (referee) ; Kuboň, Vladislav (advisor)
This Master thesis deals with identification of clauses in Czech morphologically annotated sentences and finding the inter-clausal relations. The task is approached as a machine-learning problem. An annotation scheme for clauses in Czech text is presented alongside with a method for deriving clause-annotated data from the analytical layer of Functional Generative Description coded in the Prague Markup Language. The gathered data are used for training and evaluating a system of automated identification of clauses and their relations. A method of evaluation of the result is suggested and separate software applications created during the development are presented.
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Imperfect in Bulgarian language and its equivalence in Czech language
Krasteva, Vesela ; Hrdlička, Milan (referee) ; Gladkova, Hana (advisor)
The subject of my work is imperfektum in Bulgarian language and its equivalence in Czech. The work is divided into three main parts. The first one describes a general characteristics of Bulgarian imperfektum. It is a tense with double temporal orientation representing an action realized in a specific moment in the past. The goal of the second part is to determine a way of finding a Czech equivalent of Bulgarian imperfektum. The theory behind this relies on analysis of relations between different pieces of translated text where the meaning or substance of the text after translation stays unchanged. The third part outlines examples of the imperfektum and its translated equivalents. The main goal of this work is to introduce the topic to the reader, and not to write it out.
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Two perspectives of language in Nietzsche's early thinking
Roreitner, Robert ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee) ; Kouba, Pavel (advisor)
This article presents the early Nietzsche's work from 1856-73, which is placed here into context of its plentiful reception in the eighties and nineties and from which it offers czech translations of some important texts. The first chapter shows how in the connection with autobiographical notes from 1856-65 the theme of language enters into Nietzsche's thinking, namely as a milieu able to let some moments of past endure. In the second chapter it is in particular in confrontation with Schopenhauer, but also on the background of Langes and Hartmanns works, demonstrated how the concept of music articulates itself in Nietzsche's notes from 1869-71. It becomes clear that Nietzsche's music, which unhides the process of becoming, the mode of succession (Aufeinander), through which everything passes without regard on its quality and which is specified in oposition to language displaying everything in the mode of coexistence (Nebeneinander), thus as ideas, representations, symbols, that this music represents together with its counterpart in language a pair of concepts much more general than are the usual concepts of language and music. Language and music are two respects of symbolic system, into which we have always already entered. In the third chapter breakdown of Nietzsche's conception of culture is firstly...
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