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Experiences of caregivers with home hospice care
Schiebelová, Eva ; Mužáková, Monika (advisor) ; Durdilová, Lucie (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is to analyze and describe the specific experiences of three caregivers with a home hospice care using chosen qualitative research method. It try to find answers to questions about why these people chose home hospice care, in what they see its positives and negatives and what obstacles and problems need to be overcome during care. The first part focuses on the characteristics of home hospice care, the introduction of various concepts of bereaved and mapping support for caregivers. In the second part is done phenomenological investigation of experiences of these three participants of research.
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Loss of place
Pištěcká, Zora ; Nitsche, Martin (advisor) ; Pětová, Marie (referee)
This thesis considers, from the point of phenomenological interpretation of spaciousness, the theme loss of place as a particular position of the relationship between man and the world. The initial approach to this theme is showing the conception of loss of place by Norwegian theorist of architecture Christian Norberg-Schulz. His definition of place can be understood as a crossing between a classical understanding of spaciousness (as a three-dimensional connection of objects) and spaciousness which has been studied in terms of philosophy. Furthermore, the text studies, by means of interpretation of the works of German philosopher Martin Heidegger, the theme loss of place in connection with Heidegger's motives quadrate (Geviert), Question of being (Seinsfrage) and Question of Technics. In this context, place is then explained as an ontologically-significant constitutive area and loss of place as loss of orientation in meanings (or loss of meanings itself), which ontologically establish the nature of the world.
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Man in life
Held, Lukas Amadeus ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (referee)
The object of our master-thesis is to draw a comparison between Michel Henry's phenomenology of life and Hans Blumenberg's philosophical anthropology, in order to show that both philosophies can enrichen each other and even solve some of the internal problems we will name and analyse. Several "classic" philosophical problems and questions will guide us through our argument: from esthetical and poetic questions, the problem of modern technology to a comparison of the phenomenology of Blumenberg and Henry. Finally, we will unify both standpoints to a new variation of phenomenology by trying to defend the thesis that Henrys phenomenology of life is ruled by an underlying anthropologism: Henry's "Vie" can only be understood as "human life", as "vie humaine".
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Brain and event
Malečková, Dita ; Fulka, Josef (referee) ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor)
In my work I aspired to clarify the relationships between the vision and thinking. In the first part I was above all trying to show that the vision is not unchallenged, automatic process. Than I specify the intersection between vision and thinking and I went to the problem of motion and corporality (sensuality). In the second part I arrived to the theme of the space - with regard to the vision and thinking, as a "inscape", and I also outlined the probleme of metamorphosis of space in forms of toplological space, virtual space, or cyberspace. In the third part of my work I developed the theme of chaos and the afinity of chaos and creativity in three zones of human creativity - philosophy, art and science - on the concrete examples of three creators: philosopher (Deleuze), artist (Boudník) and scientist (Mandelbrot). In the last part I concluded with the question of connection of chaos and "brain" as the actual degree of the human knowledge, and also with the contexture of the brain and the event. And I finished with the notion of noosphere. The whole writing is based mainly on work of the french philosophers Henri Bergson, Gilles Deleuze, Michel Foucault, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Teilhard de Chardin and partly also Jean-Francoise Lyotard or Paul Virilio. From the czech authors it is Michal Ajvaz or Egon Bondy.
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The Phenomenology of Social Fact
Flam, Jiří ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Blažková, Miloslava (referee)
This thesis compares different theories of social fakts, from theories supposing thier ontological autonomy to the theory which makes them dependent on the sphere of psychological fakts. It compares them also with question of their relation to the human consciousness. The relation to the social fakts has the influence on the other phenomenons - the creation of mass, totality, social construction of reality, the principal of acausal synchronicity. It shows at the same time the danger and positives which conclude from it.
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Pragmatism and humanism in nursing
HAUSEROVÁ, Ester
?Pragmatism and Humanism in Nursing?; it is the key subject of this thesis. It is trying to analyse both philosophical trends reflecting current situation of nursing. The academic part deals with philosophy such as humanism and pragmatism, followed by phenomenology and ethics. The following part refers to assisting careers, nursing, its history and philosophy, and the nursing rights. The final issue of this academic part is dedicated to the nurse chores, difficult tasks, burnout syndrome and hygiene of mind. The empiric part is aimed at receiving and processing of information through quality and quantity research. All respondents were general nurses and nursing students. The main focus of this thesis was to find the balance scale between nursing pragmatism and humanism and view the opinion of nurse while bringing those philosophical opinions into practice. Regarding to the results of this thesis it is obvious that there is a space for both of these philosophical trends though it is not particularly easy to mark which of these trends may currently prevail. At the same time there is not a clear opinion of participating nurses about bringing these trends into use. It proves that the exploitation of humanism and pragmatism elements is quite individual regarding the time and circumstances. Hypothesis and questions of research are evaluated within the final chapters. The results of this thesis reflect the constant problems which are generally recognised by both the nurses and the students of the nursing. Among the main problems of nurses are too much work and the lack of time. The last part of this thesis contains the attachments, which are related to the empiric part (such as questionnaires and question topics) and they present an idea of thematic supervisory plan, which would be aimed at solving the current problematic situation of a nursing practice.
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The Material Apriori and the Material Ethics of Values in Max Scheler
Zhang, Wei ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (advisor) ; Montagová, Kristina Simona (referee)
Prolegomena zur phänomenologischen materialen Wertethik bei Max Scheler: Vom Materialen Apriori bis zum emotionalen Apriori in Bezug auf I. Kant und E. Husserl ZHANG Wei Abstract This essay is an investigation on Scheler's phenomenological material ethics of value against the background of his thoughts of ethics. It discusses the static founding-relation of Scheler's material apriorism and his phenomenological meta-ethics in the context of Kant and Husserl. The introduction includes three basic questions of ethics. The first one is the fundamental question of ethics, that is, "how should men live?" The second one is the leading question of ethics, that is, "what is good?" The third one is the grounding question of ethics, that is, "whether is the ethics founded on reason or feeling/emotions at all?" These three questions form a wide background of ideas for the investigation of Scheler's phenomenological material ethics of value. The primary problem of Scheler's ethics is how an absolute or a priori, emotional ethics is possible. Therefore, the entry point of this essay is to phenomenologically re-examine the "a priori." Chapter 1 begins with the analysis of Kant's and Husserl's understandings of the "a priori." And the next step is to discuss Scheler's critique of Kant's understanding of the formal a...
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Social Work with a Family in the Reaction to Changes of Forms of Partner Relationships
BUDKOVÁ, Kateřina
This research focuses on issues of alternative coexistence of families, which structure differs from the one of a traditional family. An example of the traditional family structure is a married couple with their own or adopted children; as opposed to cohabitation, singles, or parenting without a partner. The goal of this work is to identify the reasons for an alternative family structure. Moreover, why do people choose to live in a non-marital status, single, and parenting without a partner? Individuals living in the alternative family structure were chosen for this study. Data were collected by using qualitative phenomenological method of research. A phenomenon of the new alternative family structure was being researched, and the goal was to identify the reasons that lead to the chosen alternatives of family and marriage. A semi-structured interview technique was used to collect data along with a method called "snowball" strategy. The goal of the research was to answer the main question: What are the reasons that lead to alternative forms of family life? The research showed several possible causes of why, in today's modern society, people choose marriage less and are not interested in traditional ways of family living, but prefer other forms of coexistence. This work can be used as a base for future research of this issue. The data could show how nowadays families live in a modern society.
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Phenomenology of the Mediation in Husserl and Fink
Ikeda, Yusuke ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (advisor) ; Tani, Toru (referee)
Title: Phenomenology of mediality in Husserl and Fink - Fink's implicit criticism on Husserl's transcendental Phenomenology in "Presentification and Image" and "VI. Cartesian Meditation" Summary: Our study is devoted to the task of showing, on the basis of Fink's early works, that Fink's account of transcendental phenomenology could be considered not as a simple elaboration of Husserlian projects, but as its prolongation which presupposes Fink's internal criticisms on Husserl's central conceptions. Fink's criticism could be summarized in the following two points: a.) Husserl's account of the transcendental constitution and theory of evidence is operated by a naïve theoretical assumption of the priority of certain modes of the experiencing (for example, perception) to other modes (for example, consciousness of image, phantasy). According to the early Fink, both modes of experiencing are mediated into each other. b.) Husserl's method of transcendental phenomenological reduction lacks the ontological reflection on the status of the transcendental subjectivity, because Husserl tends to ignore the very question of Fink's VI. Cartesian meditation -what makes possible the phenomenologising itself, what is the medium of phenomenologising? Our reflection on Fink's criticisms makes possible a new philosophical...
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