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Old age and blindness
Kantorová, Alexandra ; Šumníková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Květoňová, Lea (referee)
This bachelor's thesis, titled "Old Age and Blindness," is concerned with the gradual loss of eyesight in late adulthood. It provides an overview of the changes which take place in the later stages of an adult's life. Key areas of interest include the symptoms of and conditions associated with loss of eyesight, mobility, self-sufficiency, mental and emotional state, all of which are analysed in detail. The first section outlines and describes those aspects of everyday life which pose the biggest challenges in connection with the gradual loss of eyesight in seniors. Based on a number of international studies, this section provides a delimitation of those activities which may effect an individual's quality of life. The effect of leisure activities on an individual's mental and physical state is also evaluated. The second section of this thesis begins with a description of qualitative research methods, followed by a phenomenological interview with a selected senior whose eyesight is currently deteriorating. The interview focuses on how the current situation is experienced and perceived by the respondent. Based on previously prepared research questions this thesis aims to draw attention to the areas and everyday situations in which an individual could be in need of special pedagogical support or...
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Získávání dat pro hodnocení kvality veřejných prostranství
Kilnarová, Pavla ; Horáková, Eva
Urban spaces hold a lot of essential public functions and play an irreplaceable role in the operating of a modern city. Therefore, monitoring their quality in relation to social needs and the way of its utilization are very important. There are some empirical methods suitable for long-term observation based on direct observation of users’ behaviour in a space that require a rather high number of researchers and are time-consuming. The most frequently used empirical methods for studying public life are the monitoring of pedestrian movement, the monitoring of traffic movement, path tracking and the monitoring of people movement intensity based on the local amenities.
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Kvalita života pacientů s arytmií
CHLOUBOVÁ, Ivana
The aim of the presented thesis is to map the influence of heart arrhythmia on patients´ lives and the possibility of using the conceptual model by Imogen King into the nursing care at the patient with arrhythmia. The set goals were accomplished on the basis of the empirical research which was processed by both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The first part of the research was performed by the quantitative method of collecting data from the survey. The aim of this survey was to map the quality of life of patients with the heart arrhythmia. The second part of the research was performed by the qualitative method of collecting data from the interview with the patient. Total of 127 of valid questionnaires were evaluated for the quantitative part of the research and 20 interviews with the patients with heart arrhythmia were performed for the qualitative part of the research. Based on the qualitative research was found out that the most significant symptom of arrhythmia is fast or irregular heartbeat, usually causing faintness, anxiety and uneasiness. The patients with arrhythmia are mostly limited during physical activities. There have not been found out any statistically significant differences between the persistence of arrhythmia and the health condition and the quality of life of the patient. That means that the persistence of arrhythmia in the researched group of patients does not influence the health condition and the life quality of the patients who took part in the survey ASTA. There was also monitored the relation between uneasiness (anxiety) and selected indicators (how the patients are able to work or study, concentrate or do physical activity). In this case were proven statistically significant differences. The qualitative research complemented the qualitative data. The quality of lives of the respondents was evaluated according to Imogen´s King conceptual framework and the responses of the respondents were ordered according to the framework system: personality system, interpersonal system and social system. As emerged from the responses of the respondents, the most negatively perceived symptom of arrhythmia is palpitation which causes anxiety, uneasiness and leads to sleeping disorders and lower physical activity. In contrast to the restrictions that have to be taken up in connection with the heart arrhythmia are only temporary and do not influence interpersonal and social relationships. The thesis brings a complex view of the problematics of the life quality of patients suffering from arrhythmia when this is not only a medical problem but it also influences patient´s mental and social well-being. The very important element which influences the successful cooperation of the arrhythmia patient and the doctor is the nurse who thanks to the emphatic attitude helps to build the faith in the good results of the medication - recovery and keeping the life quality. Using the conceptual framework in nursing, specifically during the treatment of arrhythmia patients helps to provide individualized nursing care and achieving improvement of the quality of the care provided and also the patient´s satisfaction.
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Parkinson´s disease - enforced life transformation
OLTOVÁ, Eliška
The main goal of this thesis was to map the changes in the life of people diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. To shed light on this topic, three research questions were designated: How does the Parkinson's disease influence the biological site of the individual? How does the Parkinson's disease influence the mental site of the individual? How does the Parkinson's disease influence the social site of the individual? The empirical part of this bachelor thesis was conducted by a method of qualitative research investigation, which was conducted by a technique of semi-structured interview. Each interview was separated into four different parts. The first part was focused on the basic information about the interviewee. The second part was focused on the impact of the disease on the biological site of the individual. The third part was dedicated to unravelling the impact of the disease on the mental site of the individual and the fourth part was revolving around the impact of the disease to the social site of the individual. The researched group consisted of people with Parkinson's disease, who are attending the Parkinson's club in České Budějovice. The obtained results were processed with the method of open coding, utilizing the technique "pen-paper". The results are presented in separate categories, which are further divided into a specific number of subcategories. The first category focuses on the impact of the disease on the biological needs and involves subcategories focused on the first signs of the disease, the mobility, self-sufficiency, sleep and eating. The second category concentrates on the impact of the disease on the mental needs and is composed of subcategories looking at the adaptation to the disease, the mood, life values and priorities. The third category focuses on the impact of the disease on the social needs and involves subcategories focused on the free time activities, the vocational life, the family relationships, the relationships with friends and on the economic situation. Based on the obtained results, it is possible to state that the Parkinson's disease is not only a physical illness, as it strongly affects the mental and social site of the patient as well. This work brings a unified view on the topic of Parkinson's disease and its impact on the everyday life of the patient. This work can be used by anyone, who wants to obtain more thorough idea on the ordinary life of the patient diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and his/her needs.
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Potenciál využití otevřených dat v městském plánování
Horáková, Eva
Open data are collected by public institutions and freely distributed online in computer readible format. This enable third parties to further use data for various appllications or participatory processes in the city. Which cities had already joined the open data concept and what kind of information they mostly open? This paper brings an overview to open data situation in Czech and Slovak cities.
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Comparison dietary compliance policy in DM patients in hospital and at homecare
Trnka, Michal ; Ratajová, Alena (advisor) ; Hobzová, Kateřina (referee)
Author: Trnka Michal Institution: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, 1. lékařská fakulta Title: The differences in keeping the diet principles between patients with DM in hospitals and home environments Tutor: Mgr. Alena Ratajová Number of pages: 53 Number of supplements: 2 Year: 2016 Key words: Diabetes mellitus, complications, therapy, diet, education, life quality This thesis examines the ability to keep the basic rules and diabetic diet recommendations. The goal of this work is to find out the differences in keeping the diabetic diets and possible risk of complications, especially for diabetics with DM 2T, even though the intervention of the medical staff - doctors and nurses. The thesis is divided in two parts - theoretical and research. Theoretical part describes the following terms: definition and history of diabetes, stats and prevalence of illness in CR, basic distribution and complications. Therapy - the diabetes type division in combination with patient's weight. Pharmacotherapy and physical activity as integral part of complete treatment. Following the diabetic diet for the time of treatment, where exact doses and food distribution are parts of the medical therapy, is the main part of the research. The thesis also examines the home environment, where the patient chooses groceries and defines...
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Futile care in intensive care
Formáčková, Jitka ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Stoklasová, Radka (referee)
V ANGICKÉM JAZYCE THE FUTILE TREATMENT IN THE INTENSIVE CARE The theoretical part is define the concept of the futile treatment, analyze its legal and ethical context, especially within nursing and medical interventions, categorize the treatment and summarize the procedure of making decisions of changing the treatment in the Czech Republic. The purpose of the theoretical part is mapping the situations when the intensive care is pointless and how to proceed in the situations like these. The practical part will process a qualitative research by a form of personal interviews with several representatives of the professional public. The purpose of the practical part is to describe their personal experiences with this issue and to know their opinions of the situations when the futile retreatment is under way and how to categorize a treatment correctly. These interviews isprocessed by a form of the final discussion then. KEY WORDS: futile retreatment, intensive care, categorization, life quality, withdrawing, withholding, interview, euthanasia
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Observation of postural and respiratory functions in adult patients with cystc fibrosis
Yaghi, Ammar ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Fila, Libor (referee)
Thesis objective: This thesis focuses on postural and respiratory functions in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. Furthermore, it studies observations of common features in body posture. Finally, this thesis tries to evaluate life quality of patients with cystic fibrosis despite the fact of small experimental sample group used. Methods: between the years 2013 and 2014, 10 adult patients with cystic fibrosis diagnosis who were hospitalized at the department of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases at Motol hospital were examined. All examined patients belonged to the age category 18 to 30 years old. Methods used in examining the patients included spirometry, spine dynamic test, posture assesment software and at the end of all examinations a standardized questionnaire was given to all patients to evaluate the life quality of patients with CF (questionnaire of cystic fibrosis). Results: a common manifestation was the barrel-shaped thorax that increases its size in the anteroposterior direction, which causes thoracic kyphosis, shoulder protraction, stiffness of the ribcage and hyperlordosis of the lumbar spine. Conclusion: Patients with cystic fibrosis are to be found in all ranges of pulmonary functions. The most common complaint is the cough that distinctly affects their life quality (sleep...
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Job loss and its social and health consequences
Christovová, Denisa ; Rymeš, Milan (advisor) ; Kirovová, Iva (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with unemployment and its social and health consequences. The objective is to capture the reaction to the loss of employment which are common phenomenon. The work contains chapters for the issue of unemployment, it's subjective and objective causes and significance of work in human life. More attention is devoted to the psychological, somatic and psychosocial consequences associated with unemployment. Conclusion of the theoretical part is focused on strategies coping with job loss. The second part of the thesis presents a research project focusing on the experience and satisfaction of people after job loss in two time periods. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Active senior lifestyle
Dušková, Iveta ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Horčic, Josef (referee)
Subject: Active senior lifestyle Author's name: Bc. Iveta Dušková Supervizor: profesor Ing. Václav Bunc CSc. Objective: To verify whether biological age of tested seniors is in line with their calendar age. The differnce towards calendar age will be evaluated via ECM/BCM ration based on body content analysis. I will investigate the influence of physical activity on slower ageing physiology and the effect of physical activity on status of net muscle mass and on frequency of civilazation diseases. The goal is to figure out if active lifestyle is available also for seniors. Methods: The core of the work is qualitative and quantitative survey mapping antropometric parameters by bioimpedancy method. The functional values were collected by motorical step est and by handgrip. Further the subjective quality life judgment interview with yes/no options was used for the target senior group. Results: The relationship was found for the bioimpedancy results and the the volume of physical weekly activity (in hours) and level of BMI and pecentage of body fat. Further the realtionship was found for physical activity volume and for the dynamometric and motorical test results. Thjere is a difference between men and women. There was no relationship found for ECM/BCM coefficient and physical activity volume. The type...
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