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The development of EU democracy assistance in the 21st century: the case of Tunisia after the Arab Spring
Linhart, Jakub ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
This paper investigates the developments of European democracy promotion in the second decade of the 21st century or more precisely after the Arab spring. The research of the European promotion structure is based on a thorough analysis, using Tunisia as an example. After this analysis, this paper further focuses on the development of overall European democracy support in Morocco, Egypt and in the broader region. From this research we learn, that in the second half of the 2010s there is an increase in the finances intended for democracy promotion in both absolute and relative terms (when compared to other sectors). This thesis analyses possible reasons for this surge e.g. an attempt to compensate for the democratic deficit in the EU or a reaction to the migration crisis. At the same time, this paper examines the limits of this development and argues that for example the need for stability will further limit any future development of the European democracy support.
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Politico-geographical analysis of position of the Islamist parties in Egypt and Tunisia
Jelínek, Antonín ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
The Islamist movements operate in all the countries of the Middle East and North Africa region. The mother organization, which is also best-known among the movements, is the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, whose ideas spread quickly into other countries in the region. Although the Islamist movements are ideologically different, they have one similar attribute - focus on various social issues as well as the fact that they originally profiled as charity organizations and they have only recently entered the political scene. The main goal of this diploma thesis is to analyze and compare the activities and achievements of the Muslim Brotherhood (The Freedom and Justice party) and The Movement of Islamic Tendency (The Ennadhda party) within the political systems in Egypt and Tunisia. The thesis also aims at verifying explanatory cleavage of Islamist electorate based on the cleavage theory within Egypt and Tunisia. The biggest success of the Islamist movements so far meant the changes after the Arab Spring. Following this event the Islamist movements won the first free parliamentary election in both countries. However, the political activities of the Muslim Brotherhood did not last so long in Egypt - nowadays the movement exists only illegally and it has been in a difficult position. On the contrary, the...
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Population development and emigration of Maghreb's countries
Vokatá, Petra ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population development and emigration of Maghreb's countries Abstract The main aim of diploma thesis is to map the migratory situation and trends of all area since 1990 up to the present in context of the population development in region of Maghreb's countries. This all is in connection with the population growth of the states - natural and total. Apart from the analysis of the whole Maghreb as one unit, the demographic parameters are in detail assessed on the example Tunisia. It is estimated that migratory streams of the inhabitants of North Africa's countries are largely directed to Europe. The analasis is focused on the breakdown of the target countries, emigrants and on changes during the reporting period. The analasis uses conventional demographic indicators, its own methods of processing often difficult available data at the same time and empirical investigation. The initial basis of analyzing given issues show the theoretical conception of population development in Arabic countries, with emphasis on demographic transition and dependent migratory transition. Analysis revealed that none of Maghreb's countries has not yet completed demographic transition, the second stage of the demographic transition since 2000 suspended. Keywords: migration, migratory trends, population development, population growth,...
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The Influence of the Arab Spring on US-Saudi Relations
Pánek, Robin ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the influence, which the events of the Arab Spring had on the relations between the United States of America and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It examines the events of the Arab Spring in four countries, which are important both for the Arab Spring itself and thanks to their specific relations to both observed states. The countries are Tunisia (where the events of the Arab Spring first started and from where they began to spread to other countries of the Arab world), Egypt (long-time partner of both the United States and Saudi Arabia in the region), Libya (first country, where was undertaken a foreign military intervention with the participation of the United States regarding the Arab spring) and Saudi Arabia itself (where the protests were appeased, but from where a military intervention against neighboring Bahrain was launched). Apart from a chronological account of the events, part of the thesis is also an analysis of the stances of both observed states on these events. Comparing these stances, the thesis aims to show how big an influence the potential differences in stance had on mutual relations between the United States and Saudi Arabia. In the case of the stances of the United States, the thesis uses the freely accessible press statements and speeches of the...
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The Role of the Civil Society in the Transformation of the North African States
Jiránková, Adéla ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
The rigorous thesis focuses on the role of the Civil Society in the processes of transition to democracy as a part of the possible democratization wave in the Middle East also know as the Arab Spring. For the purposes of the thesis the author examines three case studies of countries with the successful revolutions - Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia and two countries, where the revolutions were not successful - Morocco and Algeria. Using the method of process-tracing with focus on the path-dependency it traces the changes in the dynamics of the Civil Society in the pre-revolutionary period, concretely during Mubarak's regime in Tunisia, Qaddafi's rule in Libya, Ben Ali's regime in Tunisia, reign of the king Muhammad VI. in Morocco, and Bouteflika's regime in Algeria through the revolutions to the post-revolutionary period. Moreover, the main assumption is that the initial non-democratic regimes have been significantly influencing the transformation process of all three countries and this also applies to the Civil Society as such. The Civil Society, in this thesis, is based on two paradigms. The first is based on the liberal modernization framework and the second is connected with stagnation and socio-economic deprivation. This unique combination contributed to the transformation of Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Morocco,...
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The role of the civil society in the transformation of Egypt, Libya and Tunisia
Jiránková, Adéla ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Diploma thesis focuses on the role of the Civil Society in the processes of transition to democracy as a part of the possible democratization wave in the Middle East also know as the Arab Spring. For the purposes of the thesis the author examines three case studies of countries with successful revolutions - Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia. Using the method of process-tracing with focus on the path-dependency it traces the changes in the dynamics of the Civil Society in the pre-revolutionary period, concretely during Mubarak's regime in Tunisia, Qaddafi's rule in Libya, and Ben Ali's regime in Tunisia, through the revolutions to the post-revolutionary period. Moreover, the main assumption is that the initial non- democratic regimes have been significantly influencing the transformation process of all three countries and this also applies to the Civil Society as such. The Civil Society, in this thesis, is based on two paradigms. The first is based on the liberal modernization framework and the second is connected with stagnation and socio-economic deprivation. This unique combination contributed to the transformation of Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia. The dynamics of the Civil Society is then determined by several factors, which are: Civil Society organizations, social media and networks, youth education, economic...
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French foreign policy towards selected Maghreb countries (2007-2012). Continuity, or discontinuity?
Homolková, Petra ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Emler, David (referee)
The bachelor's thesis analyzes French foreign policy towards Maghreb region during the Fifth Republic, with a special focus on the period of Sarkozy's presidency (2007-2012), and on the impact of the Arab Spring. The work further examines traditional aims and instruments of this policy, most importantly with regard to Libya and Tunisia. The main objective is to point out the changes under Sarkozy's presidency, and to verify whether the "rupture" with the previous strategies , promised by Sarkozy in his presidential campaign, really occured, focusing mainly on the issues of human rights. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Educational policy in Morocco and Tunisia during French protectorate
Gavenda, Lukáš ; Ženka, Josef (advisor) ; Beránek, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis compares French educational policy in Morocco and Tunisia during the French protectorate. It concetrates on the evolution of educational systems of both countries before the French colonial era and French reforms of the system. It is based on an analysis of the key figures of the protectorates, the residents-general Cambon and Lyautey and their heads of the education departments Machuel and Hardy. That is achieved through an analysis of their opinions on the educational and colonial policy and their application. The thesis deals with the beginninigs of the protectorate era when the foundations of the French system were laid.
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The Way Czech Media Interpreted Northafrican Dictators Before and After the Revolutions of the Arab Spring
Hartman, Matouš ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (advisor) ; Láb, Filip (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on three North African dictators who were overthrown in revolution of so called Arab Spring in 2011. These dictators are Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Tunisia; Hosni Mubarak, Egypt, and Muammar Gaddafí, Libya. These three dictators were chosen because of their importance in the Arab Spring movement. In Ben Ali's ruled Tunisia the revolution started, Libya went through a civil war that ended with Gaddafi's death giving chance to the people to change the regime. Egypt is considered to be politically the most important Arab country and during Mubarak's rule it used to be a stable state. The revolution disclaimed this hypothesis. The thesis aims at comparing the way that two Czech weekly magazines Respekt and Týden wrote about the dictators. If we compare the pre-revoltuion era (from 2007 until early 2011) and the revolution year 2011, we can see the increase in the number of the texts published and that the way of speaking about the dictators has partically changed. We cannot leave without notice the scepticism which the magazines expressed to the upcoming elites after the falls of the dictators. The year 2011 witnessed the change and in case of Gaddafi, also the dictator's death. The dictators were presented by media as the guarantors of the stability in the region. Then in...
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Democracy or Stability in the Maghreb? : Security Policy of the EU towards the Region between 2005 and 2010
Holík, Jiří ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
This PhDr. thesis analyses the EU security policy towards the Maghreb between 2005 and 2010. It does so in order to ascertain to what extent the level of practical policy corresponds with the level of declarations. Also, by using the promotion of democratic governance in the Maghreb countries under the ENP as s case study, the thesis means to challenge the proposition that European Union can be described as a 'Normative Power'. First chapter briefly presents the concept of 'Normative Power Europe'. Following section looks at the European Security Strategy and localizes the primary position of the goal of democracy promotion in the document. Third part gives an overview of the European policy towards the Mediterranean under which EU relations with the Maghreb have been framed. Most attention is paid to the European Neighbourhood Policy. Next chapter examines the level of practical EU policy. It consists of three separate case studies of European policy towards Tunisia, Morocco and Libya between 2005 and 2010. The fifth and final part qualitatively analyses the way four factors (trade, energy, migration and terrorism) contributed to the structuring of relations of Tunisia, Morocco and Libya with Spain, France and Italy. The thesis arrives at the conclusion that while at the declaratory level the EU...
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