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Czech Ethnography in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. At the Crossroads of Slavic Studies, Regionalism and Heimatschutzbewegung - an Attempt at an Insight into a Seldom Researched Topic
Ducháček, Milan
The aim of this contribution is to map the dilemmas that Czech ethnographers were facing in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. With the end of the Czech-Slovak consensus on co-existence in a common, unitary state, the étatist, and later defensive ethos of Czechoslovak ethnography of the 1930s lost its foundation and argumentation basis. Similarly, too, after the Munich Agreement 1938 and quite definitively after the Nazi occupation, the notions of unity, purity and distinctive character of the ‘Slavic’ culture of ‘Czechoslovak state nation’ faced its ideological and methodological limitations. The present study emphasizes the continuity of problems that plagued the interwar Czechoslovak ethnography, including understaffing of Czechoslovak ethnography due to limitations of university policy at Czechoslovak universities in Prague, Brno and Bratislava. The article presents an analysis of institutional and academic foundation of ethnography after the closing of Czech universities on 17 November 1939. It describes both the conceptual and personnel continuity of care for regional cultural heritage in the 1930s. It also touches upon the ambivalent nature of documentary activities of the Ethnographic Commission of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts. Alongside with the orientation on general anthropology, including its racial aspects, the activities of Czech ethnographers during the occupation tended to focus on documentation of vernacular architecture. In this regard they also joined forces with architects and urban planners on projects that linked the idea of modernization of the countryside with efforts aimed at preserving its ‘traditional’ character in the spirit of the German Heimatschutzbewegung. This direction, as well as other impulses and motifs from the Protectorate era, were then further developed in the ethnographic ‘revival’ of the second half of the 1940s, which - paradoxically enough - resonated both with ‘new Slavic policy’ after 1945 and, to some extent, even with the subsequent Sovietization of the field.
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The representation of the biblical themes in the Czech art in the 1940s and 1950s
Frídlová, Klára ; Pech, Milan (advisor) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of the representation of the Christian themes in the Old and New Testament in the Czech art in the forties and fifties of the twentieth century. There are two time spans that are observed. The first one begins with the commencement of the Second World War and ends in 1948. The second period dates from 1948 until 1960. The text attempts to capture the biblical motifs that appeared most frequently in the works of artists during the 1940s and 1950s. Furthermore, it tries to explain why authors chose the given biblical motifs. This work is dedicated to the artists who were working with the Christian themes for their whole life as well as to those whose works were influenced by these subjects for only a short period of time. Keywords biblical themes, the Old Testament, the New Testament, crucifixion
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The Trial with K. H. Frank in front of the Extraordinary People's Court
Vozdek, Jakub ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
In my Master's thesis I described in detail the historical process of war criminal Karl Hermann Frank. He was a man who had been influencing the main events in the Czech lands for many years. I divided the thesis in ten chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the personality of K. H. Frank. I tried to briefly describe all the life's milestones of a man justly sentenced to death for his crimes against the Czechoslovak state. In the second and third chapter I focused on two men who played a very important role in the process and extradition of K. H. Frank, Kamill Resler and Bohuslav Ečer. In subsequent chapters I fully dealt with the process itself, from the very start through the daily courses of the trial to the verdict. In conclusion I summarized findings from the process and answer the question about the objectivity of proceedings against the accused.
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German writing author from Bohemia Hanna Demetz (interpretation ot the autobiographical novel "Ein Haus in Böhmen")
Králíková, Petra ; Glosíková, Viera (advisor) ; Markvartová, Eva (referee)
Title: Geman writing Author from Bohemia Hanna Demetz (interpretation of the autobiographical novel "Ein Haus in Böhmen") Department: Department of German language and literature Author: Petra Králíková Supervisor: PhDr. Viera Glosíková, CSc. Pages: 56 Language: German Keywords: The Second World War, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, German written literature, Jews, Germans in Czechoslovakia, anti-Semitism, autobiography, interpretation Abstract: The bachelor thesis comprises the interpretation of the autobiographical novel Ein Haus in Böhmen from a German writing Author from Ústí nad Labem Hanna Demetz. The Analyses were centred on motives of the "coexistence" of the three national groups (Czechs, Jews and Germans) in the days of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
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Dolní Vilémovice 1939-1945. A Czech Village under the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Hanák, Zdeněk ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Plachý, Jiří (referee)
Dolní Vilémovice 1939-1945. A Czech Village under the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia The thesis deals with the destiny of Dolní Vilémovice, small village which lies in West Bohemia, during the Nazi occupation. It uses sources of local authorities and oral history to describe everyday life of Czech villagers throughout the Second World War. The village mentioned above was not chosen incidentally, as it is a birthplace of Jan Kubiš, one of czech soldiers who commited assassination attempt on Reinhard Heydrich. That is why this thesis also discusses the issue of German repressive measures against the local population, especially against Kubiš family, and anti-Nazi resistance.
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Brandýs nad Labem and Stará Boleslav 1938-1945
Potměšil, Jakub ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jiří (referee)
A master's thesis "Brandýs nad Labem and Stará Boleslav 1938-1945" is focused on description of selected aspects of the life in towns. Since events of the year 1938, through occupation and period called Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, till the time before revolt in May 1945. Due to better clarity, the thesis is divided into chapters dealing with social and culture progression, transformation of the town government, war industry, resistance movement and war events that intervene in the life in towns. Separate chapters dealed with the fate of the Jewish community, outline the course of the postwar investigation of collaboration and war monuments of Czech and German victims. KEYWORDS Brandýs nad Labem, Stará Boleslav, 1938-1945, occupation, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, resistence, collaboration, war industry, Jews, war monuments
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Markvartice during 20. century
Veselá, Anna ; Dvořáková, Michaela (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee)
The goal of this paper is to assess the impact historical events of the 20th century had on the town of Markvartice. The paper documents chronologically the historical evolution of the town in reaction to significant political, economic and social changes. It aims to show how important historical events influenced the life of a small town in the Vysocina region. It describes life in the town through both World Wars, the golden era of the First Republic, the 40 years of communist rule and gradual social reforms in the 1990's. The history of the town is set in the context of the historical evolution of the entire region and with a focus on testimonials of survivors. The paper also shed light on the destiny of the Premonstrate monastery in Nova Rise. This was monastery was charged with maintaining the town's spiritual well being and hence its tribulations also influenced life in the town. Key words: Markvartice, war, First Rrepublic, socialism, Czechoslovakia, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
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History of the transports Dl and Dm from Teresienstadt to Auschwitz
Strmisková, Sabina ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Václavů, Lubor (referee)
The theme of this thesis is the history of two transports, transports Dl and Dm dispatched september 6 1943 from ghetto Terezín to Auschwitz. It is possible to find a lot of information in many publications, but this thesis introduces this subject throught testimonies of eyewitnesses. Starting with the family background, continuing with deportation to Theresienstadt from where the transports were dispatched. Concerning the transport to Auschwitz, I elaborated its characteristics looking at the age and sex of the transported inmates. Due to the witness's testimonies, I tried to concentrate on the history of two day's journey to the biggest extermination camp during the second world war. And the eyewitness's testimonies are illustrating all the welcoming ceremony, the desinfection, tattoo and dormitory allocation. In my thesis, I would like to describe the Terezin inmates' biannual stay in family camp B IIb, tragical death of 3 792 of them at night of 8 to 9 March 1944, seeking to recreate the Dr. Mengele's list of medical personnel and twins. Finally, I would like to emphasise the fate of 41 survivors of those transports.
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Czech press for people called up to forced labour in Nazi
Benešová, Petra ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Gebhart, Jiří (referee)
The diploma thesis Czech Press for People Called up to Do Forced Labour in Nazi Germany deals with the weekly Czech Labourer which was sent to the Czech workers called up to German factories during the period of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia within the years 1939-1945. The thesis aims at exploring its origin, publishing and changes concerning its publishers and owners. It also analyses its distribution to Nazi Germany and its content in detail. Furthermore, by means of the quantitative analysis the thesis surveys the thematic agenda of the main articles on the front pages. It discusses the impact of the propagandistic information in media on those who were called up to do forced labour. Within the context, this paper examines the operation of media during the period of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
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