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The role of paediatric nurses in the prevention of chronic respiratory diseases of children with a focus on prevention of parents' smoking
TRUČKOVÁ, Zdeňka
Abstract Objective: The research study is to characterize the nurses´ role in the prevention of chronic respiratory disease, focusing on smoking prevention. The next objective is to raise awareness among parents about the negative impacts of smoking on the health of their children. It was then established, how many informations have got parents smokers about adverse effect on the health of their children. In relation to these objectives was established six research questions. The way of achieving the objective: To achieve the objectives a method of qualitative research was chosen, which was implemented through in-depth interviews. On the basis of specified research questions were created individual categories for getting answers to the research questions. It was elected a methode of intentional choice. Survey research took place in outpatient offices in the districts Znojmo and Brno Venkov. 10 parents smokers and 10 nourses agreed to be interwieved through using a method of anonymous questioning. Scientific benefits: A research study presents an overview of the impact of smoking on the health of children, the possibilities for intervention in the prevention of chronic diseases of children and and helping their parents smokers in the treatment of tobacco dependence. It will find application in primarily preventive and inpatient care as well. The knowledges gained and their conclusions: Baby nurse has important and irreplaceable role in the healthy development of children and in the prevention of risks to their health. Risk behaviour of children and youth is currently a serious social problem. The educational efforts has to be directed to change lifestyle and its components and is connected with the support of health. The results of our investigation shows that parents smokers often underestimate the influence smoking on the health of their children and are not very willing to do something for children. Parents also underestimate the effect of passive smoking, even though most of them have sufficient information about the risks. Whereas, children usually can't decide on environment, where they live, health professionals would aim interventions to protect children including the unborn ones. Question of health education is included in the nurse´s competences and is ordered to the doctors and nurses by law. It is therefore desirable that paramedics, having used their authority, increase their efforts and interventions to promote non-smoking. Nurse can help the patient with motivation and treatment their addiction and intervene according to recommendations based on scientific evidences. To a short 10 minute intervention has nurse opportunity apply in every contact with the patient, during his visit at doctor´s office or at the hospital in the pacients admitted to hospital. At least ask about smoking and give the smokers clear recommandation how to stop smoking and offer clear advice to the treatment referred in the brochure, with information of the harmful effects of smoking on the health of children. Use for practice: The conclusions were accepted in the scientific magazine Pediatry for practice and magazine Florence.
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Quality of Life in Patiens with Rosacea
Sehnalová, Lenka ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Jirkovský, Daniel (referee)
The aim of my work is to judge the quality of life of the patients with rosacea. I also mean to create an overview on the condition and the quality of life of its sufferers from the newest resources. This thesis also proposes to find out the level of impact attachments in adulthood and the rearing methods of the parents in the formative years up to the age of 16 can have on the quality of life and subsequent health of the patients. To do this, I shall prepare and assign a questionnaire and consequently compare and interpret the discovered information with a group of peaple not afflicted with the diseases.
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Problems of the Patient with Psoriasis and his Integration to the Society
Vaňková, Lucie ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Marková, Eva (referee)
The bachelor work is dealing with the problems of patients, afflicted with psoriasis.In the first half of the teoretical part I am fixing on the description of the anatomy and physiology of the skin.The second half of the theoretical part makes clear, what actually psoriasis yields, what is its history, how manifests, what is the posssibility of diagnostics, what types of psoriasis we can meet in the practice, which are the possibilities of the treatment and why is important education of the diseased person,the family and the society.In several chapters I describe,which is the fall-out on the psychical and physical disposition of the patient. Last but not least I am joining on the chapter about the integrating of persons with psoriasis to the society.The empirical part is fixed on the life and stories of the people who did not choose this disease wilfully, however it guides them for the big part of their life. There was used the probe of the qualitative investigation with the technique of the half structured dialogue.The dialogues were recorded and subsequently analyzed by the help of the method of stationary theory.The principal aim is to find out,in what social spheres people with psoriasis have most often problems. The talks are made with the chosen patients, with their families, friends and with general...
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Professiogram as the basis for the creation of methodologies for social workers in health care when working with chronically ill children
Neradová, Magdaléna ; Matoušek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Dragomirecká, Eva (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Professiogram as the basis for the creation of methodologies for social workers in health care when working with chronically ill children" deals with the capture file professional activities, requirements and conditions of health and social worker, from which can be deduced further demands on the professionalism of personality worker and the eventual design methodologies. The theoretical part deals with the issue of chronic disease in children, including its impact on the daily life of the child, and social work in health care and the efficiency of the health status of the client that influence disease got into a difficult situation. The practical part of using qualitative research methods, interview, time frame and adding the methods of critical events created profesiogram social worker in health care. Keywords Child, chronic disease, medical devices, social work, social work in health care, social worker in health care, demands of the profession, professiogram.
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Blood count changes in chronic ill patients and their laboratory processing
VÁVROVÁ, Michala
In my bachelor´s thesis I deal with anaemia of chronic disease (ACD), which is the sekond most common anaemia after anaemia from iron deficiency and usually it accompanies chronic inflammatory, infectious or even autoimmune diseases. I describe anaemia in general terms, because it´s a very common disease, in the theoretical part. I also deal with disorders of iron metabolism and it is correct functioning in the organism, diagnosis, causes, treatment and new therapeutic approaches of ACD. I devote a particular attention to patients, who have anaemia of chronic kidney disease. It is one of the most common diseases, which anaemia accompanies and in the last decade it has been the subject of intense study. I devote to analysis data in the practical part. At first, I investigated the blood cell counts of 30 patients with ACD using the hematology analyzer CELL-DYN Ruby in the laboratory STAFILA, spol. s. r. o. České Budějovice for the period June 2016 to April 2017. Next I dealt with cell blood count with parameters: the number of erythrocytes (RBC), the amount of hemoglobin (HGB), a medium volume (MCV) and distribution width of erythrocytes (RDW), because they are associated with ACD. I observed that ACD is most found at the patients in the age group over 70 years, which included mostly women and according to the calculated average age of both sexes, the disease appears a little earlier at woman. Almost all patients had low levels of RBC and HGB. I´ve identified the severity of anaemia according to HGB levels. Most patients had mild anaemia and the least patients severe one. I observed according to the average values of Hb for each age category. I observed that the value of Hb decreases with increasing age. The majority of patients had according to the value of MCV normocytic anaemia and according to the value of RDW heterogeneous population of erythrocytes more occured more at the men. I compared my results with the studies and comfirmed that it really is ACD.
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Socio-pedagogical assistance to partially-autonomous patients and to their families (As conducted at GARC Kladno s.r.o.)
Slavíčková, Markéta ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor) ; Krykorková, Hana (referee)
This thesis called 'Socio-Pedagogical Assistance to Partially-Autonomous Patients and to Their Families" (as conducted at GARC Kladno, s.r.o.). aims to map the health and social situation of partially-autonomous patients (hereafter PAP) as a result of a chronic condition, a disability or geriatric conditions in the context of their actual living environment. The theoretical part deals with health and social challenges confronted by PAP focusing on social and individual rehabilitation in conducting daily life. It is divided into five parts. Part One describes health issues faced by PAP with emphasis on particular issues which affect this group. Part Two defines the basic terminology of disability and autonomy.Through work experience it was possible to provide first-hand observation of particular issues which affect this group, e.g. physical disability as a factor limiting autonomy. Both subjective and objective observations of this group can weigh heavily on the value of the outcome. Part Three places PAP in his environment and at the same time evaluates the role of the family members and various services available to PAP under the Social Services Act No. 108/2008 Coll. Part Four looks into rehabilitation services available to PAP and other assistance available to them. Particular methodologies...
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Life with HIV/AIDS: A Narrative Construction of Identity
Miott, Jana ; Morávek, Jan (advisor) ; Kotík, Michal (referee)
HIV/AIDS is an illness that is more correlated than any other with high rates of stigmatization and discrimination. People diagnosed with this illness have to cope with a new potentially life threatning situation and stigmatized identity. Common social interactions or heath complications become a potential source of confrontation, which can endanger social relations, or damage and spoil the identity of people living with HIV/AIDS. This study jointly analyzes the concept of social and health risks, stigmatization and identity and focuses on the following: 1) The process of coping with the diagnosis and its impact on the identity and everyday life of people living with HIV/AIDS 2) The role of accessible social networks on the coping process with this illness and stigmatization; and 3) The strategies of health and social risk management used in connection with this illness. Awareness and acquisition of information on HIV/AIDS plays an important role in overcomming the initial shock of the diagnosis and coping with the disease. Thanks to the support of social networks, the diagnosed person can reach much easier and faster the so called "rational approach" to the illness and safely awknowledge and accept HIV/AIDS as a part of his or her life. People living with HIV/AIDS also face many risks. In this...
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Chronically ill child in the primary school
HARŠÁNIOVÁ, Pavla
This bachelor thesis describes and analyses the issues of chronically ill children of younger school age in the period of their basic school years. This thesis first mentions the historical aspects and the historical development of the care for the people and mainly children with the health disadvantage focused on the chronical diseases, some personalities, who contributed to the development of the care for chronically ill, and additionally had impact on the foundation of the specialized instituitions for chronically ill people. This thesis also mentions the social attitude and the of the experts toward children with chronical disease and institutions which care of chronically ill children. Furthermore this thesis also desccribes the characteristics, etiology, diagnostics, risks and crisis situations, therapy and treatment and prevention of those chronical diseases, further elaborated in the practical research part of the thesis. The last of the theoretical are the reasonings, hypothesis and reflections about the influence and inputs of chronic diseases on current basic school attendance and teaching at the basic school are further, based on the through questionaires performed research in the practical part of the thesis, either confirmed or disproved, there is also a reflection about possible solutions in the pedagogical practice.
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