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Development of language skills according to D. B. Elkonin's methodology in children with specific language impairment
Rouhová, Eva Marie ; Horynová, Jana (advisor) ; Kotvová, Miroslava (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on the development of language skills according to D. B. Elkonin's methodology in children with specific language impairment. The thesis includes a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part consists of three chapters. In the first chapter, the basic theoretical starting points such as language, speech and communication are defined. The chapter is also focused on the ontogenetic development of speech and language skills and communication disability. The topic of the second chapter is specific language impairment, its symptomatology, diagnosis and therapy. The third theoretical chapter approaches the development of language skills in preschool age from the point of view of linguistic levels. The chapter also describes the D. B. Elkonin's methodology. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis presents a qualitative research investigation, which was carried out using case studies. In the practical part, aims are defined and research questions are set. The aim of the thesis was to find out and describe how individual and group training according to D. B. Elkonin's methodology of children with specific language impairment take place. The sub-goals were to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of group and individual training according to D. B....
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Phonemic awareness in children with Down syndrome
Santolíková, Anna ; Horynová, Jana (advisor) ; Hádková, Kateřina (referee)
Phonetic-phonological ability is one of the components that is purposefully developed during speech therapy intervention. This ability is very important for the development of reading and writing in the early stages of literacy acquisition. In particular, emphasis is placed on phonemic awareness, which is related to the perception of the phoneme structure of words, phonetic analysis and synthesis etc. For the targeted development of phonemic awareness, a structured methodology of Language skills training according to D. B. Elkonin was created. The diploma thesis examines the possibility of developing phonemic awareness in children with Down syndrome in the case of using Language Skills Training according to D. B. Elkonin. The practically conceived part presents the results of a qualitative research investigation. Participant observation was the method of data collection, and a non-standardized pre-made test of phonemic awareness was used to assess the level of phonemic awareness, based on the test of the authors of the Elkonin methodology and the Preschool Skills Diagnostic by Bednářová and Šmardová (2015). The research investigation was conducted by action research 6 pre-school and younger school age probands with Down syndrome were included in the action research. Based on the analysis of the...
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Benefit of language skills training according to Elkonin for children's language skills
Šišková, Dorota ; Nováková Schöffelová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Málková, Gabriela (referee)
Phonemic awareness which will be discussed in the diploma thesis is considered to be one of the important predictors of future success in reading and writing. In the theoretical part, we define basic concepts, focus on predictors of reading and writing and the phonological deficit in child development. The research part is conceived as a quasi-experiment in which we monitor the impact of Trénink jazykových schopností dle D. B. Elkonin on the language skills of preschool children. Our goal of the thesis is to evaluate the effect of the Czech adaptation of the intervention program for children and to capture the changes as a result of the implementation of this intervention program. The research sample consists of an experimental group and a control group. Before and after completing the intervention, the children were tested and measured for their level of phonemic awareness (specifically, a test of isolation of the first and last sounds, synthesis of sounds). Children from the experimental group were also measured with a sentence repetition test. The results of the research investigation showed a positive effect of the subject intervention in the area of children's language development. Children who were weak in the area of their language development before the training showed significantly better...
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The Content Analysis of Czech Initial Reading Textbooks in Terms of Phoneme Awareness
Al Haboubi, Lucie
The thesis presents psycholinguistic concept of literacy and the key role of phonemic awareness as a skill proceding reading. Based on the preschool curiculum documents and on the analyses of didactic material designated for the first weeks of school (called Živá abeceda) we found this: the resources either don't contain development of the skill at all or when they do, it's higly unsystematic - it does not respect the psycholinguistic characteristic of the word material, nor the structure of phonemic awareness development. We mention the possibilities of future research. Key words: phonemic awareness, pre-literacy skills, psycholinguistic concept of literacy, initial reading, analytic-synthetic method, language introductory period
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Pre-literacy skills of socio-culturally disadvantaged kindergarten children
Korbelová, Karolína ; Málková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Sotáková, Hana (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the mapping of the pre-literacy skills of socio-culturally disadvantaged children in the last year of kindergarten in comparison with the performance of pre-literacy skills of their peers. The thesis is based on empirical research in kindergartens with children (N=47) aged 68 to 82 months and their parents (legal representatives). The aim of this research work is not only to describe and characterize the pre-literacy skills of pre-schoolers from socio-culturally disadvantaged backgrounds, but also to systematically review what is known about the phenomenon of socio-cultural disadvantage in the existing psychological literature and to propose a specific procedure for identifying socio-cultural disadvantage. This procedure is applied in this paper as part of the methodological steps in the research part of the thesis. The socio-cultural disadvantage is thus identified based on the mother's highest level of education and the child's level of receptive vocabulary. Statistical analyses of data on the pre-literacy skills of socio-culturally disadvantaged children and their peers who are not at risk of socio-cultural disadvantage reveal that socio-culturally disadvantaged children perform statistically significantly worse than children who are not at risk of socio-cultural...
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Development of phonemic awareness in preschool children utiziling the Elkonin method
Tesařová, Kamila ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is Training the development of phonemic awareness in preschool children using the Elkonin method. The method serves as a tool for preventing difficulties in the development of reading and writing in primary school. The diploma thesis is focused mainly on the development of phonemic awareness and further on the development of language skills in selected children in a regular kindergarten. The thesis is divided into two parts. To the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part defines the basic terms related to the topic - communication, language and speech, hearing. It introduces the reader to the development of a child's speech from the period of intrauterine development to the age of about six years. Due to the focus of the diploma thesis, the greatest emphasis is placed on the speech development of a preschool child. The content of the chapter devoted to speech development is also the definition of language levels of speech. The theoretical part in one of the chapters defines the concepts of phonetics, phonology and phonological abilities. This is followed by a section devoted to the development of phonological awareness and its level at the beginning of reading mastery. The personality of Daniil Boršovič Eľkonin and the method of Training the development...
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Towards the systematic support of the early literacy development in preschool age
Šedinová, Petra ; Málková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee) ; Vitásková, Kateřina (referee)
This study evaluates the benefits of short-term, relatively intensively implemented training programme aimed at enhancing the development of pre-reading skills (specifically phoneme awareness and letter knowledge) in the last year of kindergarten. The evaluation of the benefits is carried out in comparison with the situation without the implementation of the work methodology and with the use of available work content with content aimed at the development of graphomotor skills with commented instruction. Sixty-nine children from four kindergartens were randomly assigned to three groups: pre-reading intervention group (resp. phoneme awareness and letter knowledge intervention), graphomotor skills intervention group and no- training group. Intervention programs were implemented as a 10-week training programmes in the frequency of 3 training lessons per week. The results provide an evaluation of the variability pre-literacy pre-reading performance in regular kindergarten classes and the benefits of the evaluated training program in terms of mobilizing pre-literacy pre-reading skills before starting school. This work maps the current situation in the field of intervention/training tools, their specifics and targets literacy and key pre-literacy skills important for the development of children in the...
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