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Towards a Functional Health System Governance: The Centrality of Policies, Institutions and Actors' Configuration in Malaria Eradication among Under-five Children in Ghana
Amoako, Martha ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee) ; Mpinga, Emmanuel Kabengele (referee)
Zásady udržitelného rozvoje vyžadují silný zdravotnický sektor řešící problémy v oblasti dětského zdraví, a to zejména v rozvojových zemích jako Ghana. Snahu vybudovat silné zdravotnictví nicméně může zmařit výskyt malárie, což je právě případ Ghany. Malárie zůstává v Ghaně významnou příčinou úmrtí dětí mladších pěti let, a to navzdory různorodým globálním i národním zdravotnickým programům a politikám. Tato studie se soustředí na implikace politik, aktérů a veřejných institucí v boji proti malárii mezi dětmi mladšími pěti let ve čtyřech okresech země: obec Obuasi, okres Mpohor, Východní okres Kassena-Nankana a Západní okres Ada. Studie zpracovává primární a sekundární data metodou deskriptivní i empirické analýzy. V rámci studie byly připraveny dotazníky a provedeny rozhovory s 241 respondenty z řad individuálních i institucionálních aktérů s cílem sběru podrobných informací o formulaci politik, aktérských interakcích a výsledcích léčby malárie ve skupině dětí mladších pěti let v kontextu případových studií z různých administrativních oblastí. Tyto oblasti vykazují různá sociální, ekonomická a politická prostředí, která jsou pro posouzení výsledků zdravotnických programů v oblasti boje proti malárii zásadní. Výsledky regrese sekundárních dat metodou nejmenších čtverců (OLS), která byla v rámci...
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Levels of physical activity, fitness and obesity in primary school pupils in the Czech Republic and selected European countries
Uher, Vít ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee)
The aim of this study was to determine and then compare the level of physical activity, physical fitness and obesity among primary school pupils in the Czech Republic and other selected European countries. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the concept of physical activity and physical fitness. It also discusses the characteristics, causes and consequences of obesity and the interrelationship between these three areas. The research part of the thesis is based on a quantitative survey in which available data on physical activity levels, physical fitness levels and the prevalence of obesity in primary school pupils in the Czech Republic and other selected European countries were collected, analysed and compared. The results of the survey showed that the results of the Czech Republic compared to the selected countries are different, disjointed, some of them contradictory. The data of some countries are not presented in the compared research, come from a different period or are collected on different age groups. For this reason, comprehensive research at a transnational level would be needed. Keywords: fitness, school age, comparison, exercise, children
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The development of swimming efficiency of applicants for study of physical education and sport with focus on education at Faculty of Education, Charles University
Grešová, Marieta ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Fořterová, Petra (referee)
This diploma thesis is engaged in development of swimming efficiency of applicants for study of physical education and sport with focus on education at Faculty of Education, Charles University. It finds out which swimming style is most frequently chosen by the applicants depending on sex and who is more successful during the entrance exam whether males or females. It estimates how do applicants prepare for a swimming part of talent exam and how long. The work processes five-year swimming part report of talent exam at the department of physical education. Method of quantitative research was used for solving and the data are processed by statistical methods. It uses comparing of acquired data. By the performed research we found out that the most frequently chosen swimming style is crawl and breaststroke was more frequently chosen by females. Males prefer the fastest swimming style more often than females. Males were more successful in entrance exam than females and the equal number of males and females did not finished designated distance. The work shows that the number of unsuccessful applicants in the point evaluation increases over the years. The most applicants prepare themselves from available sources. The length of preparatory is four weeks. Majority of applicants passed a swimming course at...
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Comparison of the level of balance-oriented coordination skills in fifth, seventh and ninth graders
Kučera, Jakub ; Suchý, Jiří (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee)
This bachelor's thesis examines the level of coordination abilities of pupils in the 5th, 7th and 9th grades of elementary school, i.e. in developmentally very diverse periods. The theoretical part focuses on the definition of coordination abilities and their division, further compares the period of prepubescence and puberty and presents test batteries that check coordination. The research was carried out using the Iowa-Brace test, which was used to verify the level of general coordination abilities of pupils. The methodological part describes the course of the testing (including a description of the preparation) that took place in two elementary schools in Prague in a total of nine classes. The measured data confirmed a statistically significant increase in coordination skills between 5th and 7th grade students, while between 7th and 9th grade their increase was less than 5%. These findings are in agreement with the theory of Prof. Karel M kota, CSc. (M kota and Novosad, 2005). Furthermore, girls showed better coordination skills than boys in all grades. Pupils engaged in individual sports also achieved higher results compared to pupils engaged in team sports. KEYWORDS Coordination, Iowa - Brace test, balance training, development, older school age
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Tax and health care challenges in economic policy : three essays
Chalupka, Radovan ; Schneider, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee) ; NÁHRADNÍ, OPONENT (referee)
The first paper evaluates tax legislation in Slovakia, effected January 2004 and major changes in the period 2005 - 2010, according to principles of optimal taxation and optimal tax systems. The author evaluates the Slovak system with particular regard to taxes on labour, taxes on capital and taxes on consumption. The adoption of a flat personal-income-tax rate and a uniform VAT rate is viewed as in line with the optimal taxation theory, and the projected lessening of administrative costs and degree of tax evasion is positively evaluated. However, it is concluded that there is still room for improving the system by further shifting the burden away from taxes on labour to higher taxation of consumption and capital. The second paper analyses possible options to improve the risk adjustment of the health insurance system in the Czech Republic. Out of possible options it argues for including Pharmaceutical Cost Groups (PCGs) as additional risk factors since it is an improvement that can be implemented almost instantaneously. On real data from an anonymous sickness fund it confirms that predictive performance of PCGs models is consistently better than the performance of the demographic model that is currently used. The study also describes and examines the Czech health insurance market and implications of...
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Motivational structure of selected population groups for combat sports
Sýkora, Jan ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Kašpar, Ladislav (referee)
This master's thesis primarily focuses on the investigation and analysis of motivational structures among selected population groups in relation to combat sports. The theoretical part of the thesis delves into a more detailed examination of the nature and classification of motivation. It also provides an analysis of personality in sports and performance motivation, contributing to the understanding of internal factors influencing individual motivation. Within the theoretical overview, a brief history of karate, judo, aikido, wrestling, and mixed martial arts (MMA) is presented. Additionally, readers are introduced to combat sports, martial arts, and the categorization of combat disciplines. This introductory perspective is crucial for better contextualization of motivation within these specific domains. In the practical part, a quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing the multidimensional questionnaire Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-28). This questionnaire is widely recognized as one of the most extensively used diagnostic tools in the field of sports. With the assistance of the SMS-28 questionnaire and my own custom questionnaire, responses from participants were collected, subsequently analyzed, and served as a source of information for the research questions of this thesis. KEYWORDS...
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History of athletics in Domažlice
Haasová, Simona ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee)
Athletics is a popular sport in Domažlice. It is performed by athletes of all age groups who have no awareness of their club or their sport. This is one of the main problems. There has been no solid records taken so far, summarizing the activities on the athletic field of this geographical region. Therefore, this thesis should bring closer the history of athletics in Domažlice and evaluate the activities of athletics clubs in this region from the very beginning to the present, with a particular focus on AC Domažlice club. Marginally the thesis should be dealing with general history of athletics in Czechia and in the world.
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