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Special needs of left-handers in school club
Navrátilová, Martina ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Blažková, Veronika (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with left-handedness (sinistrality) in the environment of after-school clubs. The theoretical part defines sinistrality with respect to attitude to it in history, describes the types and forms of sinistrality and deals with the options how to recognize it, describes the possibilities of modern approach and support of left-handed children. It also defines the environment, functions and contents of activities in after- school clubs and describes possible support of left-handed children in after-school clubs. The goal of the practical research is to map the attitude of educators to left-handed children, to find out what kind of tools are used in the activities in clubs, to describe quality of equipment and facilities in the classrooms and also to find out what parents expect from the educators. It also looks into particular options how to support left-handed children in arts, music and physical activities in after-school clubs as well as in doing their homework and using IT devices. The hypotheses that lead the research involve parents and educators of left-handed children, whether they are aware of complications connected with sinistrality, whether the children are adequately supported, whether the communication between after-school clubs and parents works in favour of the...
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Posttraumatic Growth in Adolescents and Young Adults
Valentová, Hana ; Kučera, Miloš (advisor) ; Vágnerová, Marie (referee) ; Bartošová, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis focuses on posttraumatic growth in adolescents and young adults. The subject of the research is finding and tracking reactions and changes that emerge after a specific stimulus - an existentially experienced trauma, where at the core is realizing the threat of life and afterwards thinking about one's own death. The theoretical part deals with psychological and philosophical sources of current concepts of post-traumatic growth. These sources support our assumption that for the specific course of post-traumatic reactions and changes the subject category or objective severity of events is not relevant. It is the respondents own perception of a life threat. We also deal with a particular PTG model by Tedeschi and Calhoun, whose concept of changes after a major life event was chosen as the starting point for our research and whose PTGI questionnaire is used in the quantitative part. In the empirical part we chose mixed research design. First, a quantitative part of the research was carried out, involving 407 respondents aged 17-25. The aim of this part was to determine the rate of post-traumatic growth and to demonstrate that perceived life threats occur among respondents across all event categories. The personal perception of a life threat will result into a higher score achieved in both...
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From Ghost to Robber: Development of Fear in Young School Age Children
Brummer, Martin ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Kučera, Miloš (referee)
From ghost to robber: Development of fears of early school age children Bc. Martin Brummer ANNOTATION The diploma thesis is focused on the area of children's fears and monsters. It is a long-range study. The research follows up the bachelor thesis, it uses the same research design and compares the results of both. The emotion of fear is defined in the theoretical part. Moreover the current knowledge about the forms, intensities and development of fears is presented. The importance of monsters for the imagination of children and their role in the set of fears are described. The empirical part is divided into two parts. In the first part the intensity of fears of children and their relatives is surveyed by the means of questionnaires. In the part of interviews the children's conceptions of monsters and situations related to them are described. The result of the study is the clarification of the development of the fears and the conception of monsters in the minds of early and middle school aged children. KEYWORDS fear, monsters, early school age, middle school age, gender
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How women inside women's circles and women outside them experience menstruation
Fousková, Natálie ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The thesis explores women's experiencing of menstruation and it compares the experiencing in two groups, one consisting of women who have attended women's circles, and the other of women who have not. In addition to experiencing menstruation, the thesis explores the women's circles themselves as a new social phenomenon. Data collected through interviews with ten women was analysed using grounded theory methods. Menstruation is examined on the level of personal experiencing as well as on the level of a social norm. These levels are seen to show mutual influence. To some degree, women adopt the social perception of menstruation, yet at the same time, it is their experiences and actions that form it. Therefore, women have the potential to change the social norms regarding menstruation. Women outside women's circles accept the social norm and experience menstruation passively. They consider not feeling well a natural side-effect and do not attempt to change it. Women who have attended women's circles counter the social norm and experience menstruation actively. They work with their experiences, both physical and psychological, while menstruating, and they actively adjust their surrounding conditions in order to feel better. KEYWORDS: menstruation, experience, women's circles, womanhood, taboo, gender
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Opinions of parental and pedagogical public on school attendance postponement
Holá, Michaela ; Kropáčková, Jana (advisor) ; Valentová, Hana (referee)
The Diploma thesis concerns with an issue of school attendance postponement. The theoretical part focuses on the issue of school maturity and readiness and analyses the period of child transition from a kindergarten to a primary school and the relatively high percentage of school attendance postponement. The practical part was carried out in form of a survey with three groups of respondents - parents, kindergarten teachers and primary school teachers. The aim of this part was to assess the position of parental public toward the school attendance postponement and possible children's preparation for future entry into the compulsory education. In case of the pedagogical public the central theme was a comparison of the kindergarten and primary school teachers' positions on the identical topic associated with a comparison of the most common reasons given in connection with school attendance postponement. This part was completed with a child case report of two preschool children for who the issue of granting the school attendance postponement was very current. The research carried out suggests that all groups of respondents agree with the compulsory school attendance postponement but only under the assumption that this postponement is justified. Otherwise, their positions were not as unambiguous. The...
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Rituals as a Rudimentary Product of Magical Thinking
Trčková, Tereza ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on magical thinking in the age of adulthood. The primary aim is to discover and define the particular manifestations of the magical thinking in adulthood and compare them with magical thinking in childhood. A further aim is to find a link between magical thinking and religion, and between magical thinking and field of education of participants. Research methodologies include qualitive field research accompanied by semi- structured interviews. The finding of the research show that magical thinking is more often found in child thinking, but it could be discovered in adulthood as well, there are no differences among principles and forms of magical thinking in childhood and adulthood. Magical thinking is more often found in atheists and there is no link between magical thinking and field of education of participants. The discussion concludes that magical thinking emerges in stressful situations and it is associated with anxiety and feelings of uncertainty. Magical thinking serve important functions - it is a coping strategy and it could reduce an anxiety.
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Integration of bilingual and foreign children into kindergartens
Smith, Ember ; Špačková, Klára (advisor) ; Valentová, Hana (referee)
Annotation: The bachelor's thesis focuses on the issues of foreign and bilingual children in relation to their integration into kindergartens in the Czech Republic. The main goal of the thesis is to find out to what degree the teachers are prepared to work with children from foreign backgrounds, but to also analyze specific ways and techniques of working with these children. The theoretical section will be devoted to the definition of core concepts and the summary of existing knowledge on the subject. It mostly focuses on bilingualism, but also on the specifics of communication with preschool aged children from foreign language environments. The practical section will be based on a survey of teachers in kindergartens. In the conclusion statement, the author, in addition to a summary of collected data, will summarize the basic recommendations for the integration of children from foreign language environments into kindergarten. Key words: Language development, bilingualism, foreign language environment, language rich environment, integration, communication, multiculturalism, kindergarten, preschool age, linguistics
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Fears and monsters in preschool and young school age children
Brummer, Martin ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the importance of ghosts in the imagination of children. The theoretical part deals with the influence of monsters on the European culture, defines the concept of fear and states the fundamental differences in their content in preschool and early school age. It also defines the concepts of gender and sex, and presents differences in the perception of fear among boys and girls. The empirical part is divided into two parts. In the first part of children and their relatives via a 5-point scale determined intensity of children's fear of monsters and other fears. The second part provides the empirical information on children's perceptions of ghosts obtained through interviews with children.
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Influence of flow on feelings, behavior and experience
Čašková, Barbora ; Pavlas Martanová, Veronika (advisor) ; Valentová, Hana (referee)
Author of the thesis is describing the possibilities of using games and flow for self- knowledge. A theoretical analysis defines social game and describes possible goals of the game, that could be aimed by it. The paper shows that the game is an important means also for adults. Author introduces the method of experiential learning that systematically works with the game and presents ways to use it as a therapy. The paper describes dimensions of flow phenomenon, which characterize it. The similarities between flow and play are shown and the possibilities for its use in psychology are indicated. The chapter self- knowledge acquaints reader with this concept and with ways of self-knowledge. The second part of the thesis presents empirical research. Interviews with participants of the experiment are the basis for qualitative analysis and interpretation. The aim of the research is to determine if the experience of the game and flow leads to self-knowledge. The results shows that play brings a lot of interesting impuls to self-awareness. It turned out that the flow didn't have to be the sole condition for self-knowledge, experience from unexpected situations or frustration is also a good source. The fundamental discovery was the determination of importance of membership in the group and the need for a...
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