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Cooperative principles v talkschow všechnoparty
Tauchenová, Kateřina ; Šoltys, Otakar (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze communication within the TV talk show "Všechnopárty" from two main points of view: firstly in a light of keeping the Principles of Cooperation and Politeness within dialogues between the moderator of this show and his guests, and secondly with regard to transformation of common communication caused by the fact that the conversations are made public by TV. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one explains terms such a Communication, Semiotics, Pragmatics, Grice's Conversational Maxims or Leech's Politeness Principles, and so provides a theoretical background of the problematic. The second chapter describes methods that were used to analyze chosen episodes of the talk show "Všechnopárty". There are two methods used in this thesis: a pragmatics analysis for the description of appearance of the Grice's and Leech's Maxims and a semiotics analysis for the interpretation of the effect of presentation of the dialogues by TV. The third chapter then applies these theoretical findings to five chosen episodes of the talk show. Its first part describes situations where Grice's and Leech's Maxims are not observed and how it effects the whole communication. In the second part presents main differences between common communication and dialogues held within...
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Development of journalist as a film character in Amarican cinema
Svoboda, Martin ; Novotný, David Jan (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
This bachelor work follows the occupation of journalism as it is shown in mainstream American cinema throught the sound era of motion pictures. It describes ways mainstream cinema deals with the complexity of journalism as it needs to maintain its rentability of commercial art. The work points out the possibility of essential simplification of the journalism routine caused just by the same need - making profit. Because to make a gainful movie remains to be the main motivation for producers of films. And the profitable movie must be at the first place underestandable for a viewer. In the result of this the work offers some basic archetypes of movie journalist. The next important issue of the work is a professional ethics which can collide with intentions of movie makers which prefer other moral vallues than real news media. The simplification ad profitability can again be a factor. The last part of the work uses all presented informations to trace the way of the influental theatre play The Front Page and its four adaptations throught the decades of movie making. The main goal of the work is to understand the way journalists are portrayted in the mainstream American cinema which offered so many films about them.
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Ethical aspects of additional changes of news in online media
Palkosková, Lucie ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
In the era of new media, changes occur every day to already published articles on internet news sites. Although these are usually minor stylistic or spelling changes, more dramatic ones, those that can alter perception of events by the audience and change cover of story, could appear. The fact that the edit took place, is usually marked only by small notification about update, without the possibility to access previous versions, which can lead to misinformation of readers. The aim of this paper is to explore how additional changes may affect credibility of news media in eyes of audience, frequency of changes by authors and if those interventions do not conflict with journalistic ethics, especially in area of providing accurate and truthful information. This paper also tries to propose ethical and reader friendly way how to make such changes and how to inform audience about them. The paper used data collected during long-term automated collection of content changes in news stories published by selected major Czech online news websites, allowing objective assessment of the frequency and severity of this phenomenon.
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Changes of the values presented to children in Sunday's programs for children and youth in the Czech television broadcasting from 80's 20th century to the present
Mannová, Jaroslava ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
The master's thesis deals with the changes of values presented in the connecting studio entries of Sundays morning's programmes for children and the youth of the broadcasting of the Czechoslovak and Czech Television from the 1980's up to present, i.e. 2015. It refers to the programmes such as Studio Kamarád, Studio Rosa, Jůhele neděle, Hřiště 7 etc. The 30-year long analysed period is divided into the three time periods - 1980s (1980-1989), 1990's (1990-1999) and the 21st century (2000-2015). The results of the research are compared in the last chapter of the master's thesis. Also, the changes of the selected values groups are described (for example nature and environment, healthy lifestyle etc.). The master's thesis also secondarily deals with how the names, anchor-men and performing puppets of the programmes and the design of the studio have changed.
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Presidential Speeches of Miloš Zeman
Kůsová, Lucie ; Šoltys, Otakar (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
Miloš Zeman as the first directly elected president is among the most significant personalities of the Czech political scene and he is also one of the most capable speakers of the post-communist era. Public speeches are almost the only medium for communication between the president and the public. The thesis aims to analyse the presidential speeches of Miloš Zeman. The relevant period for this research was set to 8.3. 2013-31.12. 2014. The author analysed the speeches in terms of structure, length of sentences, figures of speech used, vocabulary, argumentation, manipulative and persuasive techniques and recurring themes. In the end of the paper, the author also compared Czech media's interpretation of the speeches with foreign media's interpretation.
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Curious camera through the eyes of its producers
Moulíková, Dominika ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
The thesis explores certain aspects of Zvědavá kamera, a Czechoslovak television journal that belonged among the most progressive pieces of Czechoslovak television journalism in 60-ties. The thesis is based on interviews with 3 of the still living makers of the journal: Otka Bednářová, Vladimír Branislav, and Jaromír Kincl. Based on their testimony, contemporary documents, and available television archive material the main question is being answered as to why Zvědavá kamera was allowed to exist for such a long time despite being politically controversial and why the makers did not face repression much earlier. The most substantial episodes of the journal are being explored in detail, among all Volba povolání (The Choice of Profession) by Otka Bednářová, Spor (Dispute) and Porota (Jury) by Vladimír Branislav and Jaromír Kincl. Based on the presented facts approaches are analyzed the makers took in order to make relatively free television journalism possible within the limits imposed on them by the totalitarian regime.
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Czech Popular Fantastic Arts 1990-2012 in cultural, social and literary contexts
Kudláč, Antonín ; Štoll, Martin (advisor) ; Janáček, Pavel (referee) ; Janeček, Petr (referee)
Antonín Kudláč Czech Popular Fantastic Arts 1990 - 2012 in Cultural, Social and Literary Contexts The dissertation focuses on the exploration of popular fantastic arts in the Czech environment between 1990 and 2012. Popular fantastic arts are defined as a segment of popular culture, which uses fantastic motifs and finds expression in various art forms and media (literature, film and television programs, visual arts, games, etc.). Popular fantastic literature (science fiction, fantasy, horror) is used as the basic medium for research in this area. For defining and understanding the nature of popular fantastic arts, its recipients (the so-called fans), who form a distinctive subculture called the fandom, are of extreme importance. This dissertation, bordering on interdisciplinary cultural anthropology, sociology, literary criticism and media studies, is based on the hypothesis of an active and creative approach of the recipients of popular culture, who endow these cultural artifacts with their own meanings, share them and use them for their own interests. This approach is rooted mostly in the theoretical works of John Fiske and Henry Jenkins, in particular in the concept of participatory culture and cultural divergence. The work consists of two parts. The research development of popular culture in...
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Alaska - Culture and Nature in Audiovisual Representation
Moulis, Ladislav ; Štoll, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee) ; Hádková, Jana (referee)
Alaska, which has been the 49th state of the USA since 1959, is a very unique locality according to many viewpoints. Although it is a part of the civilized Western world, it presents one of the last well- preserved wildlife on the Earth. Although Alaska is gradually settled by immigrants, native people have to deal with their dilemma connected with assimilation for many centuries. They did not create their own new culture - its cultural specifics are still defined by combination of original cultural patterns of Yup'ik and Inupiat Eskimos and natural tribes Tlingit, Haida, Athabaska, Aleut and imported cultures. My work is a study of clashes between civilization and nature resp. civilization and original ethnic groups and it goes throughout structural analysis of audiovisual artefacts, in this case visual records and films from fictional and non-fictional category. The subject of my analysis is a method and variability of possible approaches to Alaska presentation by audiovisual means and mainly examines formation and development of stereotypes in presentation of wildlife and human lifestyle in their specific conditions. The advantage of my research is a limited locality and relatively lowly explored area and also overview (even numerous) of audiovisual materials in its own way. Next to the...
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Non-standard photography methods in audiovisual journalism
Géla, František ; Lokšík, Martin (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis "Non- standard photography methods in audiovisual journalism" is to present image and production methods that are used in television news and journalism - particularly those ones that defy standard methods. These methods appear, considering technological development and the endeavour of making neutral visual space of television journalism, more attractive. First chapter of the thesis presents television news, its history, characteristics, elements and typology of television news production. Next chapter deals with the visual aspects of audiovisual works. The audiovisual language, its expressive elements and specific aspects of the image in television are presented. Main part of the thesis focuses on the photography methods in television journalism. Based on the literature and interviews with creative workers from the Czech television it presents photography methods and especially non- standard methods that use small sports action cameras, unmanned air devices or hidden cameras. The thesis mentions also production methods videojournalism and mobile journalism (MoJo) that uses standard mobile devices for professional news production. Particular examples from the broadcasting of the Czech televison are presented in the final chapter.
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The function of the language semiosis in the Quentin tarantino's films
Daičová, Andrea ; Šoltys, Otakar (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
Diploma thesis "The function of the language semiosis in the Quentin Tarantino's films" deals with interception and description of the uniqueness of linguistic expressions in the films of one of the most important film directors and screenwriters - Quentin Tarantino. Through semiotic analysis it examines significant elements in movies and screenplays and describes the characteristic method of used expressions. It focuses mainly on characteristics signs and symbols as the main tool of semiosis, and their function in the film language. Diploma thesis focuses also on description of used semantic expressions, explanation of their occurrence in the author's pieces, and trying to capture the originality of the artist's expression. The final part examines Tarantino's role in the cinematography and tries to explain the causes of the great media success.
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