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Developing functional communication in pupils with ASD at elementary school
Čebišová, Petra ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Valentová, Lidmila (referee)
Currently, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are a highly discussed topic. Children with ASD primarily struggle with social interaction, communication, and behavior. In this thesis, we focus specifically on the issue of communication, and how to develop functional communication in children with ASD at the primary school level. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter covers the characteristics of ASD, its history, classification of ASD forms, and the triad of impairments. The second chapter focuses on social behaviour in pupils, including defining social behavior, social skills, and pupils with ASD in peer groups. The third chapter is titled "Developing communication in students with ASD" and covers the support for communication development, alternative and augmentative communication, and the role of teachers/assistant educators in communication development for pupils with ASD. The fourth chapter delves into the empirical investigation, discussing the objectives, methodology, and process of the empirical study. The fifth chapter includes a case study divided into three sub- chapters, which focus on respondent case studies, interviews, and observations. Additionally, the thesis contains a discussion and recommendations for practice. Keywords: Functional Communication,...
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Pre-literacy skills of socio-culturally disadvantaged kindergarten children
Korbelová, Karolína ; Málková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Sotáková, Hana (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the mapping of the pre-literacy skills of socio-culturally disadvantaged children in the last year of kindergarten in comparison with the performance of pre-literacy skills of their peers. The thesis is based on empirical research in kindergartens with children (N=47) aged 68 to 82 months and their parents (legal representatives). The aim of this research work is not only to describe and characterize the pre-literacy skills of pre-schoolers from socio-culturally disadvantaged backgrounds, but also to systematically review what is known about the phenomenon of socio-cultural disadvantage in the existing psychological literature and to propose a specific procedure for identifying socio-cultural disadvantage. This procedure is applied in this paper as part of the methodological steps in the research part of the thesis. The socio-cultural disadvantage is thus identified based on the mother's highest level of education and the child's level of receptive vocabulary. Statistical analyses of data on the pre-literacy skills of socio-culturally disadvantaged children and their peers who are not at risk of socio-cultural disadvantage reveal that socio-culturally disadvantaged children perform statistically significantly worse than children who are not at risk of socio-cultural...
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Development of phonemic awareness in preschool children utiziling the Elkonin method
Tesařová, Kamila ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is Training the development of phonemic awareness in preschool children using the Elkonin method. The method serves as a tool for preventing difficulties in the development of reading and writing in primary school. The diploma thesis is focused mainly on the development of phonemic awareness and further on the development of language skills in selected children in a regular kindergarten. The thesis is divided into two parts. To the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part defines the basic terms related to the topic - communication, language and speech, hearing. It introduces the reader to the development of a child's speech from the period of intrauterine development to the age of about six years. Due to the focus of the diploma thesis, the greatest emphasis is placed on the speech development of a preschool child. The content of the chapter devoted to speech development is also the definition of language levels of speech. The theoretical part in one of the chapters defines the concepts of phonetics, phonology and phonological abilities. This is followed by a section devoted to the development of phonological awareness and its level at the beginning of reading mastery. The personality of Daniil Boršovič Eľkonin and the method of Training the development...
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Family Resiliency of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Veselá, Veronika ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Viktorová, Ida (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to research the area of family resiliency of children with autism spectrum disorder. The theoretical part deals with the resiliency phenomenon in general, stressful situations and strategies for their management by so-called coping mechanisms. This part is followed by family resilience, which provides brief description of the concept of the family, family resiliency itself and then informs readers about the specific models of family resiliency, out of which the most well-known concept comes from the McCubbins. The third chapter of the diploma thesis focuces on a family of a child with a disability. This part of the diploma thesis explains how the family responds to the child's disability, what adaptation phases they go through, and also reflects factors that can have positive impact on the adaptation of the family in a difficult life situation. The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses on the characteristics of autism spectrum disorders. It helps the readers understand the topic of autism spectrum disorders, their manifestations, partial diagnoses and also the effects of autism spectrum disorders on the family of an autistic child. The empirical part of this thesis aims to find out and map what is the resiliency of families of children with autism spectrum...
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Intensive Interaction as an approach for helping children with autism spectrum disorder
Drlíčková, Hana ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Valentová, Lidmila (referee)
This thesis examines the possible use of Intensive Interaction in a child with autism. The theoretical part contains a description of autism spectrum disorders, unravels the difficulties children with autism face in the areas of sociability and communication, offers an overview of the theoretical background of Intensive Interaction and describes the way in which Intensive Interaction works. The practical part includes a case study of work with the Intensive Interaction method on developing social and communication skills in a child with autism. It was found that during the three months of the intervention, progress was made in the areas of sociability and communication and that some new patterns of behaviour emerged, such as eye contact, imitating classmates, social smile, shared attention or pointing to an object or activity. There has also been observed a significant reduction of stereotyped behaviour.
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Self-concept of an individual with an autism spectrum disorder and its reflection from the point of view of close people
Staňková, Tereza ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Kučerová, Olga (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the self-concept of an individual with an autistic spectrum disorder and the reflection of their self-concept through the perspective of his close person. The theoretical part, that is separated to four parts, presents the history of approaches to ASD and its symptoms, I describe three main problematic features for individuals with autism. Then it describes the self- concept, historical and present approaches and concrete parts of self-concept, it also shows the results of previous research of the self-concept of individuals with ASD and presents the possibilities of examining the self-concept. In the empirical part, I deal with the specifics of the self-concept of individuals with ASD, the degree of adequacy of the view of close people and the most significant differences between the statements of close people and individuals with ASD. It also includes three case studies of respondents with ASD, their close people and its mutual comparisons. I describe the self-concept of individuals with ASD, view of their close people and I compare those two views. I also look for common topics for those respondents. I answer my research questions on this base. I compare my research with current researches. I also reflect possible limitations of my research.
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People with Autism in the Czech society in the last fifty years
Flek, Lukáš ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis tries to describe the autistic life in the Czech Republic during the last decades. It deals with the autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) both of children and adults. The theme is how the autistic people manage(d) everyday acts and necessary affairs, e. g. fFinding a job. I describe the integration of the autistic people into the society too and what stance the society, public institutions and science have (had) on them. The thesis is alsoo focuses d on the legislation connected to ASD and care of autistic people. I also intend to describe the evolution of these aspect in time. The theoretical part is particularly focused on the general ASD features which influence their everyday life and integration in the society. Additionally, the theoretical part already contains particular description of the autistic life of the Czech Republic and abroad, the past and recent times and the view of the autistic individuals and the society. The heart of the empirical part is based are dialogueson interviews with autistic people who narrate their own life story and respond to a set of some in advance given questions. Based on them, I get other information about the autistic life in the Czech Republic.
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The impact of kindergarten teacher on the children from socially disadvantaged environment
Kárová, Jana ; Kučerová, Olga (advisor) ; Sotáková, Hana (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with kindergarten teachers who devote themselves to children from socially disadvantaged family backgrounds. It monitors the influence of teachers on a preschool child from this environment. The theoretical part elaborates on professional knowledge about preschool children, and the approach of kindergarten teachers to preschool children in the environment of kindergarten. It also concerns the socially disadvantaged family environment and its characteristics. It monitors the importance of kindergarten for these children. It processes information on the social and legal protection of children. Last but not least, it considers the issue of other helping professions. The practical part is focused on examining the experience and attitude of kindergarten teachers towards children from the environment mentioned above. It reveals the view of teachers on children from socially disadvantaged backgrounds in terms of the characteristics of the environment. It deals with the attendance of children in kindergarten and its importance for preschool children. It monitors the cooperation of teachers with OSPOD and other organizations involved. In my work I focus on the approach of teachers to these children and their families, I follow the experience and understanding of this issue from...
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