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Rehabilitation of Cognitive Functions by Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Chmelařová, Dana ; Beran, Jiří (advisor) ; Fiedler, Jiří (referee) ; Miňhová, Jana (referee)
Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate whether a 12-week neuropsychological rehabilitation program has a positive effect on the improvement of cognitive functions and what methods can be used to measure this effect. Furthermore, this study intended to verify the effect of the chosen training plan on the resulting state of cognitive functions, in particular with regard to the frequency and duration of the plan. Methodology: Forty-three patients diagnosed with MS were randomized into an experimental condition or the control group. The experimental condition included 26 patients (22 women and 4 men), whole the control group consisted of 17 patients (12 women and 5 men). All of these patients had a cognitive defect that was assessed at the beginning of the study and monitored using the neuropsychological tests after the participation in the training program. Participants in the experimental group received their rehabilitation of cognitive functions using a PC training program, which they completed in their home environments (30 minutes/4 times per week, for 8 consecutive weeks). Overall, there were 32 training sessions on predetermined days with a specific detailed training plan. The control group received no training. The neuropsychological tests used at the beginning and the...
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Russian-Western Relations in the context of the Ukrainian crisis
Beran, Jiří ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to find out the causes of the Ukrainian crisis that started at the end of 2013 with demonstrations in Ukrainian cities against the president Yanukovych's regime. This crisis later escalated into the seizure of the Crimean Peninsula by the Russian federation and led to the war in the eastern Ukraine. Moreover, the crisis is closely linked to a broader crisis between Russia and the West, represented mainly by NATO and the European union. This work also attempts to find the possible reasons for the crisis. Furthermore, this thesis searches for an answer to the question whether the Ukrainian crisis could be resolved by Ukraine's acceptance of its neutral status, and whether this would improve the relations between the West and Russia. Since they were in similar situation during the cold war, Austria and Finland are used as examples of possible solution for the crisis by declaring the neutral status.
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The diversity of personality and spirituality types in the priesthood
Beran, Jiří ; Sládek, Karel (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
The diversity of personality and forms of spirituality in the priesthood Every priest, who received the serving, sacramental priesthood, should try to be another Christ. Nevertheless, each person is an original however, and his behavior is influenced by inherited characteristics, congenital conditions, and different life stories. During my studies of theology, I tried to explain the differences related to the priests I followed, by their different attitude toward Christ and his church. During my studies, I also started to perceive the importance of the priest's attitude toward the humanity of Christ. The connexion to the orthodoxy has always attraced me. While I was writing my thesis, I tried to find the answer to the differencies in the diversity, which, for many people within the church, is a problem to settle with, or to justify. So, the thesis is dedicated to the research of the personalities of the priests, to their own attitude, their own spirituality, and its influence on people. I would like this thesis to help to make people understand that we can all reach the same Destination by using more possible ways, which depend on our humanity and our nature. I am convinced that just the good spirituality is something which respects the diversity and the unrepeatability of the particular ways. Key...
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Diabetes mellitus type 1 and depression. Psychopathology by somatic deseases
Komorousová, Jana ; Beran, Jiří (advisor) ; Lacigová, Silvie (referee) ; Jirák, Roman (referee)
Diabetes mellitus is a severe chronic life-long disease. The condition itself introduces a need for patient's lifestyle adjustment to the disease and a number of everyday therapeutic and diagnostic restrictions. Therefore, mental disorders are more common in diabetic patients than in the rest of the population. Biochemical and hormonal connections between mental disorders and diabetes mellitus represent another reason for their higher incidence in diabetic patients. Comorbid mental diseases can further negatively influence the course of diabetes. They are especially depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders and cognitive disorders including dementia. Type 2 diabetes is also more common in patients with primary mental disease, as is e.g. schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Regarding therapy, psychoactive drugs are used in diabetic patients. It is important to respect the specifics of the underlining disease during drug selection. The main factor for the selection of the medication is, apart of mental problems, the influence on body weight and blood glucose. Mental disorders can be also treated by psychotherapy and psychoeducation. Studies performed in diabetic patients with mental problems suggest the need for intervention in this area. The practical part of the work introduces a...
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Quality of Life of patients with chronic renal failure treated with peritoneal dialysis
Vrágová, Eliška ; Mahrová, Andrea (advisor) ; Beran, Jiří (referee)
Title: Quality of life of patients with chronic renal failure treated with peritoneal dialysis. Objectives: Evaluate quality of life of patients with chronic renal failure treated with peritoneal dialysis. Propose possible ways to improve quality of life of peritoneally dialysed patients using movement activities. Methods: A total of 25 peritoneally dialysed patients of the PD ambulance of the 1st Clinic of Internal Medicine of the Faculty Hospital in Pilsen took part in the survey. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was evaluated using standardized questionnaires WHOQOL-BREF, WHOQOL-100, SF-36 and KDQOL-SFTM . The work and functional anamnesis questionnaire was made to evaluate the amount of movement activities that had been carried out. Results: We have noticed significantly better evaluation in WHOQOL-BREF in the domain aimed to evaluate the quality of life from the point of view of living conditions in comparison with healthy population. On the one hand, the quality of life in the domain of physical health is worse than in the healthy population, but on the other hand, it is better than in patients treated with haemodialysis. The ability to take care of their everyday needs (i.e. domain of independence) was considered the most important by the interviewed patients. In HRQOL evaluation using...
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Depression and Insulin Resistance
Hess, Zdeněk ; Rosolová, Hana (advisor) ; Šimon, Jaroslav (referee) ; Souček, Miroslav (referee) ; Beran, Jiří (referee)
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome and depression are considered to be important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is estimated to be around 25% of the adult population in industrialized countries, including the population of Czech Republic. The prevalence of depression is estimated to be around 15% of the same adult population. It is not clear yet on the base of poor literature, which is so far available, whether there is a causal relationship between these factors or not. Objective: To try to find a relationship between metabolic syndrome and depression in a population sample using clinical and metabolic parameters. Methods: The prevalence of depressivity or other psychopathologies was evaluated with the use of self-report questionnaires in a randomly selected population sample of 259 people living in Pilsen. The questionnaires were mailed to the subjects. Those of them who responded were invited to the examination of anthropometric and laboratory parameters defining the metabolic syndrome and to the examination of some other parameters. The occurrence of risk factors of the metabolic syndrome of insulin resistance and the relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome was investigated. Metabolic syndrome of insulin resistance...
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Borna disease virus (BDV), circulating immunocomplex (CIC) detection in the serum of psychiatric patients
Racková, Sylva ; Beran, Jiří (advisor) ; Anders, Martin (referee) ; Sedláček, Dalibor (referee)
The aim of our study was the detection of BDV CIC positivity in psychiatric patients (with affective disorders, psychosis and addiction) hospitalized in the Psychiatric department of Faculty Hospital in Pilsen. Three groups of psychiatric patients were examined (included). BDV CIC positivity was detected in 26.1% of the first group of psychiatric patients, in 48% on day 0, in 53.85% on day 28 and in 52.94% on day 56. The differences between the two groups of psychiatric patients with affective and psychotic disorders could be connected with the different period of blood sampling. We demonstrated a significantly higher BDV CIC positivity in psychiatric patients in comparison with a control group of blood donors. We demonstrated the connection between BDV infection and psychopathology. We confirmed the results of German studies. There is no difference in BDV CIC positivity in addicted patients and healthy individuals. We did not find a decrease of BDV positivity during an abstinence period. We suppose BDV infection can influence the etiology and course of psychiatric patients.
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The influence of sertraline treatment on the metabolic and antropometric parameters in people with depression
Podlipný, Jiří ; Beran, Jiří (advisor) ; Filipovský, Jan (referee) ; Jirák, Roman (referee)
Introduction: Pharmacotherapy with antidepressants can cause a metabolic risk, can be neutral in terms of metabolism or can perform a metabolic benefit for the treated patients. Objective: The aim of the presented study is to assess the effects of long-term use of sertraline on the particular laboratory and anthropometric parameters in somaticaly healthy or compensated outpatients treated for unipolar depression. Methods: The study was performed in cooperation of Centre of Preventive Cardiology (CPC) of 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Psychiatry of Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň (Pilsen) and University Hospital Plzeň, Czech Republic. A screening of risk factors in relation to the development of cardiovascular (CV) diseases and metabolic syndrom was carried out in 350 people from the cohort Pilsen Longitudinal Study III (PILS III) at CPC. The participants filled in a Czech version of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) simultaneously with the screening. Those of them scoring up the threshold set for the suspicion of depression in SDS were invited to the department of psychiatry outpatient's office in order to undertake a psychiatric examination. There were 31 persons in total fulfilling the following criteria: (1) aduld patients diagnosed with...
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The knowledge and atttitude of mothers to vaccination in Czech Republic in the multiresources system
Myrdacz, Martin ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Beran, Jiří (referee)
The childhood vaccination in the Czech Republic represents a very complex area. While the current legislation defines which children vaccinations belong under mandatory, fully reimbursed National Immunisation Program (NIP), there are also possibilities to undergo vaccination as a result of own decision. The role of the State as the only guarantee and payer of children vaccination has been, due to registration of next vaccines, extended by subjects who use opportunity to vaccinate against additional infections diseases and consequently pay for it. Nowadays, financially, non-reimbursed vaccination doubles NIP vaccination reimbursed by the state. Almost 350 million CZK was spent in 2008 on vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV). That represents the most paid non-mandatory vaccination. National-wide Research amongst mothers of children up to five years of age performed in 2008 showed high confidence in the benefit of vaccination when only 4% of the mothers are in contradiction with this statement. Nevertheless, the research also unveiled need for more information as 28 % of the mothers think that children are receiving more vaccination than is good for them. More than 50% of them would also welcome a next vaccination to be added into the current NIP system. Such evolution is likely to happen in...
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Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology Aspects of Allergy Rhinitis Treatment and Prevention
Pokladníková, Jitka ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Švihovec, Jan (referee) ; Beran, Jiří (referee)
7 SUMMARY Rational pharmacotherapy should ensure a safe and cost-effective treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Two main aspects of treatment of AR were addressed (1) comparative benefits and costs of subcutaneous and sublingual allergen immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis, and (2) systemic adverse events - neuropsychiatric disorders and gynaecomastia - during intranasal corticosteroid use. (1) Allergen specific immunotherapy: benefits and costs Our pharmacoeconomic study on allergen specific immunotherapy showed that sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy reduced clinical symptoms and the need for symptomatic medication in adults with grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis compared to standard pharmacological treatment. The clinical efficacy of the sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy was not significantly different in the third year of specific immunotherapy. Nevertheless, the SCIT group exhibited slightly better improvement in visual analogue scale and a greater reduction of systemic antihistamines versus SLIT in the third year compared to the baseline year. Overall, SLIT showed a better cost profile from all three perspectives. SCIT was financially favorable from a patient perspective where no loss of income and travel costs were present. Larger comparative studies...
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