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Biomimetics and its Incorporation into High School Teaching through Learning Tasks
Suldovská, Eva ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
The main aim of this thesis was to create and practically test four sets of complex learning tasks intended for pupils in the second year of high school. The tasks are focused on the development of science literacy using the topic of biomimetics. The starting point for the development of the learning tasks was a literature review dealing with topics of biomimetics, subject integration, science literacy and learning tasks. Biomimetics is a multidisciplinary science based on the observation of nature and searching for inspiration in nature in order to find solutions to problems that people face in life. Due to the topicality, practical overlap and interdisciplinary nature of this field, the topic of biomimetics is an excellent tool for applying integrated learning concepts (e.g. STEM concept) into teaching or for developing science literacy. In this work, created complex learning tasks containing three subtasks each were validated in three second-year classes of selected high schools. The pupils' responses to the created tasks and the responses from the attitudinal questionnaires were analyzed using mixed research methods. Statistical methods (arithmetic mean, relative frequency, success rate) were used for quantitative evaluation. The method of inductive analysis of written gathered data was used...
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The relationship between over-claiming and truancy: Using the over-claiming technique on PISA 2012 data
Mayerová, Kateřina ; Voňková, Hana (advisor) ; Papajoanu, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis addresses the issue of the association between the over-claiming technique (OCT) and truancy based on data collected in the PISA 2012 student questionnaire. First, it summarises the theoretical background on the PISA survey, over-claiming of self-reported knowledge and related research to date, and truancy. In general, the paper aims to investigate whether there is a relationship between over-claiming of knowledge and truancy and whether there are differences in this relationship across the countries and economics involved in the 2012 PISA survey. The relationships between truancy and over-claiming of knowledge turned out to be statistically significant, although the correlation values are low. The highest values can be observed between at least some familiarity with non-existing concepts and truancy variables, between at least some familiarity with existing concepts and truancy variables, and between accuracy index and truancy variables. These relationships are most pronounced in South Korea, Macau, Taipei, Australia, New Zealand, Estonia, Lithuania, Hungary, Slovakia, Spain, Ireland, Iceland and the UK. KEYWORDS The overclaiming technique, truancy, late arrivals to school, PISA, cross-country comparison
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Hodnocení vzdělávacích systémů v EU prostřednictvím studií o mzdách a úrovni vzdělávání.
Kukačková, Kamila
This bachelor thesis deals with the quality of education and teachers salaries in countries of the European Union. The aim of the thesis is to identify the relationship between teachers salaries and level of education. The literature review summarizes the main finding of the international comparative studies of education, teachers salaries and selected economic factors affecting the quality of education. At the conclusion of this work are proposed recommendations for economy policy makers in the Czech Republic.
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Why should we like math
BENÍŠKOVÁ, Zuzana
This work deals with math as a subject and its popularity among students. The work includes the results of international surveys in the field of math, creative teaching methods and the design of mathematical games and projects that will make it easier for students to understand and master selected terms. The diploma thesis thus presents math in a playful form and can serve not only students of the second grade of primary schools and lower grammar schools, but also teachers of math.
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Development of Reading Literacy at School: Action Research
Kolářová, Michaela ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Starý, Karel (referee)
In the theoretical part, the diploma thesis deals with the concept of reading literacy and its definition, development, meaning, and the factors that have influenced it. In the next part, the areas and levels of reading literacy and the stages of its development are characterized. Furthermore, its development using various methods is described and individual conditions are indicated, the fulfillment of which affects increasing the level of student skills. In the next section, individual reading skills and strategies are described. Next, the theoretical part also focuses on the results of international research (PIRLS, PISA, and PIACC) with an emphasis on the results of Czech pupils. The analysis of reading literacy in the framework national curriculum program of primary education concludes the theoretical part of the work. The practical part is divided into two sections, in which attention is paid to action research and its forms. Pedagogical action research is at the forefront of interest. The next part focuses on determining the level of reading skills of second-grade elementary school students using a pre- test. After the students' results were established in the test, lessons were implemented with activities to develop reading skills, the process of which is described in individual chapters....
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Carbon Dioxide in Science Education (Study Aids for Grammar School)
Kristlová, Lucie ; Šulcová, Renata (advisor) ; Urbanová, Klára (referee)
Charles University in Prague - Faculty of Science Department of Teaching and Didactics of Chemistry Albertov 3, 128 40 Praha 2, Czech Republic CARBON DIOXIDE IN SCIENCE EDUCATION (STUDY AIDS FOR GRAMMAR SCHOOL) Bc. Lucie Kristlová lucie.kristlova@gmail.com In this thesis the principles of Framework Educational Programme and method IBSE alias Inquiry Based Science Education were summarized. The results of international research PISA 2006 were evaluated. In 2006 the focus was on scientific literacy. In the theoretical part the study supporting documents on the theme Carbon Dioxide were worked up. The documents would serve teachers of Chemistry and Biology mainly at the grammar schools. Methodically processed materials were created such as presentation, worksheet and subject matter of chemical experiments with the inclusion of the author solutions. The worksheet was verified by pupils at grammar school.
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Pupils' difficulties in solving selected word problems from TIMSS research
Matěka, Petr ; Vondrová, Naďa (advisor) ; Novotná, Jarmila (referee)
Pupils' difficulties in solving selected word problems from TIMSS research. (Diploma Thesis.) Abstract The theoretical part of the diploma thesis describes international comparative surveys, namely PISA and TIMSS, and analyses results of Czech pupils. Some areas are distinguished in which our pupils were unsuccessful and from them, the area of word problems and their mathematisation was selected for further work. Next, a solving strategy is characterised and some relevant research from this area is given. The core of the work lies in the experimental part whose goal was to find out what strategies pupils use when solving selected problems from TIMSS research and why they fail in them, via the analysis of pupils' written solutions complemented by interviews with them. Causes of failure of our pupils in these problems in TIMSS 2007 are looked for in mistakes pupils make, while it is also followed in what phase of the solving process they appear. The participants of research were pupils of Grade 9 of a primary school who solved three selected word problems from TIMSS research. Their written solutions were complemented by interviews with the experimenter focused on their mistakes and lack of clarity of the solutions. Four pupils participated in a pilot study. The atomic analysis of their solutions confirmed...
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Transgenic crops and third world
Andrová, Julie ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Cvrčková, Fatima (referee)
The issue of transgenic crops and the third world is mostly neglected in secondary education. In view of the fact that it is an interesting topic that gains greater importance worldwide, it would deserve the place in secondary education. It is not necessary to submit information about this topic only in the text form to students but teaching methods that force the students to gain information actively, can be used. Text for teachers was created in diploma thesis. The text could serve as a source of information for teachers in preparing for the lesson about this topic. Then test for students was created. The test consists of tasks that are inspired by the PISA. Students have to gain information actively from the texts in the tasks to solve the tasks correctly. The test consists of three thematic areas (transgenic crops, golden rice, vaccination and edible vaccines) and 16 questions (31 including the sub-questions). The test was verified on a sample of 82 grammar school students at the age of 16 to 19 years. The students were of the four classes in four grammar schools. The students recorded their answers in a data sheet. The data sheet included additional questions that sought the views and attitudes of students towards texts and questions in the test. The teachers completed the questionnaire. The...
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Analysis of exercises in reading-books for 9th class of primary school
Procházková, Jana ; Klumparová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Hausenblas, Ondřej (referee)
RESUMÉ The essence of this thesis is to compare selected reading books or workbooks in terms of the accompanying questions and issues. The work is theoretically based on the characteristics of the pubescent reader and also Bloom's taxonomy, classification and results in international tests like PISA etc. The thesis is also examining the readers' literacy. Its definition is changing in time. Literacy is not only focusing on the knowledge, but also plays an important role in integrating into society. It is a complex of several dimensions (relationship to reading, literal understanding, deduction, metacognition, sharing and application). Each of the components is indispensable. Five reading books of the 9th year of elementary school from different publishers (SPN, New School, Fraus, Alter) were analyzed. Two reading books are published by SPN, but each represents a different approach (the older one is based on the school curriculum, newer relates to teaching according to the RVP ZV). It was not a representative analysis of the whole supply of current reading books, but only a selected sample. Analysis of particular reading books is devoted to the general characteristics and context (author, declared associations with RVP ZV, illustrations, general structure of reading book, etc). In addition the reading books...
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Education policy transfer: case study of Slovakia inspired by Finland
Gardošíková, Daša ; Skálová, Barbora (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee)
to the thesis Education policy transfer: case study of Slovakia inspired by Finland Abstract Bachelor Thesis Education policy transfer: case study of Slovakia inspired by Finland deals with the case study of the Slovak education system, whose planned reform is inspired by the generally positive perception of the Finnish model. The Slovak Ministry of Education expressed its decision to reform the Slovak education system based on the Finnish one-structure model in the National Education and Training Development Program. This decision can be defined as an attempt to voluntarily transfer education policies. The research is conducted on three levels. First of all, the thesis deals with the motivation of Slovakia to reform its system based on the Finnish model with an emphasis on the role of international rankings in education, especially PISA rankings. The focus of the thesis is a comparative analysis, which aims to thoroughly compare and describe six selected criteria (characteristics - geographical, historical, political; development of education systems, structure of education systems, financing of education, inclusion in education and the position of teachers) related to the transfer of education policy between Finland and Slovakia and their overall context. The thesis points out, in particular, the...
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