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Schistosoma mansoni (Trematoda): Differences in the biology of geographical strains
Žirovnická, Tereza ; Macháček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Peterková, Kristýna (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the geographical strains of the fluke Schistosoma mansoni and summarizes the knowledge of their differences. The thesis aims to conduct literature research of comparative studies mentioning descriptions of specific strains of S. mansoni and then to identify differences across those geographic strains. Among the relevant data subjected to comparisons, besides morphological and anatomical differences, the prepatent period, the distribution of eggs in the host and the caused pathology, including the granuloma formation, were mentioned too. The results of this work confirm that the specific geographical isolates differ from each other in various aspects, often even within the same strain. Geographic strains are unevenly represented in studies, and this may bias our view of selected aspects of schistosome biology through the results of dominant strains. It is therefore important to encourage further, diversified research that considers all experimental factors. The obtained knowledge about the characteristics of geographic strains can provide important information for the development of strategies to control schistosomiasis and benefit negatively affected populations worldwide. Keywords: Schistosoma mansoni, schistosomiasis, geographical strain, comparative analysis,...
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Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods in a Selected Company
Babela, Viliam Igor ; Dostál, Petr (referee) ; Doskočil, Radek (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce aplikuje vybrané metody multikriteriálního rozhodování k výběru optimální země pro expanzi slovenské společnosti situované na trhu hygienických a papírenských výrobků. Prostřednictvím zaměřené komparativní analýzy se hodnotí vybrané země na základě kritických kritérií, jako jsou velikost trhu, regulační prostředí, logistické schopnosti a náklady na práci. Výsledky poskytují strategická doporučení, která mají společnosti pomoci učinit informované a na datech založené rozhodnutí o mezinárodní expanzi.
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Commented translation III
Klouda, Adam ; Kotásek, Miroslav (referee) ; Krhutová, Milena (advisor)
Cílem semestrální práce “Elektrotechnika – komentovaný překlad” je překlad českého odborného textu do angličtiny, který slouží jako studijní materiál pro studenty elektrotechnologie, a provést komparativní analýzu originálu a přeloženého textu. Zdrojový text je rozdělen do devíti kapitol, z kterých bylo vybráno několik výňatků na nichž byla následně provedena analýza z lingvistického hlediska. Každý z nich se zabývá jinou oblastí elektrotechniky a použivá k tomu odlišnou škálu odborných výrazů. Tato bakalářská práce take nabízí základní teorii zabývající se překladem textů psaných ve stylu vědy a techniky.
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Information System Selection
Kornelly, Roman ; Minařík, Luděk (referee) ; Koch, Miloš (advisor)
The thesis aims to describe the selection of a new information system, which should lead to process streamlining and a boost in the number of customers at Rumburak s.r.o. The first chapter lays out the theoretical knowledge needed to tackle the task at hand. The following section analyzes the internal and external environment of the company and the implications thereof. The proposal portion contains a comparison of the available information systems and selects the best among them. It develops a schedule for the implementation of the new IS, along with identifying the benefits and economic evaluation of the entire proposal.
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Detection of repetitive sequences in genomes
Puterová, Janka ; Jedlička, Pavel (referee) ; Kléma, Jiří (referee) ; Zendulka, Jaroslav (advisor)
Repetitivní sekvence mohou tvořit významnou část genomu, v některých případech více než 80%, která však bývala vědci často přehlížena. Dnes je známo, že repetice mají v genomu různé funkce a rozdělují se na dvě hlavní skupiny: rozptýlené a tandemové repetice. Cílem této práce bylo vytvoření bioinformatických nástrojů pro detekci repetic, ať už přímo ze sekvenačních dat generovaných sekvenátory, nebo ze sestavených genomů. V úvodní části práce poskytuje náhled do problematiky a přehled typů repetic vyskytujících se v genomech. Dále se práce zabývá stávajícími přístupy a nástroji zaměřenými na identifikaci repetic přímo ze sestavených sekvencí. Hlavním přínosem do této oblasti bylo vytvoření nástroje digIS, který se zaměřuje na detekci inserčních sekvencí, které přestavují nejhojněji se vyskytující rozptýlené repetice u prokaryot. digIS je založen na principu profilových skrytých Markovových modelů zkonstruovaných pro katalytické domény transpozáz, které představují nejkonzervativnější část inserčních sekvencí a zachovávají si sekundární strukturu v rámci rodiny. Následně práce poskytuje přehled sekvenačních technologií a rozebírá stávající metody pro detekci repetic přímo ze sekvenačních dat, bez nutnosti procházejícího sestavení genomu. Je představen nový přístup pro detailní analýzu tandemových repetic. Tento přístup rozšiřuje základní analýzu nástroje RepeatExplorer, který detekuje a charakterizuje repetice přímo ze sekvenačních dat. Práce dále diskutuje aplikace detekce repetic v biologickém výzkumu zejména z pohledu srovnávacích studií repeatomu a evoluce pohlavních chromozomů. V závěrečné části práce poskytuje souhrn dosažených výsledků výzkumu v podobě čtyř článků publikovaných v mezinárodních časopisech, jejichž plné znění je dostupné v přílohách, a celkové shrnutí práce a možnosti budoucího výzkumu.
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Comparative analyses of muscle activation lower extremities during running at different surface
Král, David ; Bačáková, Radka (advisor) ; Hojka, Vladimír (referee)
Title: Comparative analyses of muscle activation lower extremities during running at different surface. Objectives: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to compare the level of activation of selected muscles of the lower extremities and the relative timing of these activations. Realize measurements on three types of surface: tartan, grass, sand and find out the differences in activations of selected muscles according to the surface. Methods: In this thesis, we used the method of analysis and the method of comparison. We applied the analysis method in the analysis of the measured signals for the running step and the comparison method in the section comparing average running step cycles from different surface types. Results: We found out that running on the tartan, acitvates all the monitored muscles in more than 75% of the average cycles within 10% of the running step time period. For tartan, grass and sand, we researched that the order of activated muscles is different, although the starts of activation are not different in time from each other within one stride cycle. On the tartan, the activation of the tibialis anterior and peroneus longus muscles in both lower ewtermities is comparably same long as in the heads of the gastrocnemius. On the sandy surface, a double activation occurred in the...
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The Decline of Terrorism in European soil: Comparative Political Analysis
Pinto Guzman, Isaac David ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Myftari, Kledian (referee)
1 Master Thesis : The Decline of Terrorism in European Soil: Comparative Political Analysis Written by Isaac David Pinto Guzmán Date: 31.07.2023 Charles University Department: Security Studies Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Vít Střítecký Student ID: 47544203 University of Konstanz Department: Politics and Public Administration Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Michael Dobbins Student ID: 1252046 2 Abstract: This paper focuses on the effectiveness of counterterrorism policies and strategies implemented by European Union (EU) member nations. The study examines the types of policies and measures put in place, the effectiveness of intelligence gathering and sharing, and the level of funding provided for security efforts. The research question guiding this study is: Which policies, security strategies, and measures implemented by European Union member nations have most effectively reduced the frequency or success rate of terrorist attacks on their territory, including completed, failed, and foiled attacks? The study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers and security experts to develop evidence-based strategies to prevent and combat terrorism in the EU. The literature review critically examines the securitization of terrorism in Europe and its implications for civil liberties and democratic governance. The theoretical...
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Comparative analysis of climate change conference coverage in India and UK newspapers: framing difference
Devaraj, Yoheswari ; Miessler, Jan (advisor) ; Nečas, Vlastimil (referee)
Newspapers from India, a developing nation, and the UK, a developed one, are the focus of the investigation. These nations stand for a variety of social, political, and cultural situations that will undoubtedly have an impact on how the climate change conference is depicted. The thesis adds to an improved comprehension of the role played by the media in shaping climate change rhetoric and communications in various cultural and socioeconomic settings via this comparative examination. Considering the cultural differences between the two countries (developed vs. developing), there were similarities in the framing choices, which highlights the influence of the dominant global media narratives on how climate change is covered. It is acknowledged that this dominant position is essentially the result of fundamental historical inequalities that have led to an accumulation of political and economic power in the West. this was accomplished by examining five distinct frameworks to comprehend how they were used in the four newspapers' coverage of COP27.
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Comparison of the communication of the Czech government's anti-pandemic measures in the Czech Television and the daily Blesk
Dušková, Lucie ; Klabíková Rábová, Tereza (advisor) ; Miessler, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyses the communication of two major Czech media during the health crisis - the covid-19 pandemic. The thesis focuses on the first wave of the pandemic and through a comparative analysis examines the content of the public television broadcaster- Czech Television and the tabloid Blesk. The aim of the thesis is to find out how these two different media outlets presented key messages concerning anti-pandemic measures, and especially how they framed the messages. The theoretical part draws on the literature on media communication and briefly defines related concepts such as media function, construction of reality in the media, agenda setting and framing, then describes the differences between tabloid and news coverage and introduces the media studied. The thematic focus of the research follows the communication of the media in an unprecedented situation; therefore, the thesis further focuses on the role of the media in times of crisis, focusing on the extraordinary situation of the covid- 19 pandemic. The thesis then describes the research methodology in which I will present the methods used and the aim of the research. The methodology is followed by the analytical part, which is based on a content analysis of media messages related to anti-pandemic measures. The thesis then tries to...
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Application of managerial activities: cases of basketball teams of different age categories
Svobodová, Anna ; Kaprálková, Michaela (advisor) ; Crossan, William Morea (referee)
Title: Application of managerial activities: cases of basketball teams of different age categories Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to find out how the coaches of non-professional basketball deal with selected managerial activities and then compare how the application of these selected activities differs across age categories - from the youngest to adults. Methods: In this thesis was used comparison method, as well as the interview method and the questionnaire method. The method of comparation was used to compare the use of selected managerial activities across age categories and how individual coaches work with them. Data for comparation were obtained through personal or online semi-structured interviews with six basketball coaches of individual categories. The generalization of responses was achieved through an electronic questionnaire targeting all female non-professional basketball coaches of selected age categories and with its questions it fills in or founds out facts that followed on from the information obtained in the interviews. Results: We found that non-professional basketball coaches perform managerial activities in a large extent for their teams. Some managerial activities are handled differently in individual ages, while others are handled very similarly. However, their...
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