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Occurrence of malignant monoclonal gammopathy in patients examined at the Regional Hospital Jičín a.s.
Trejbalová, Eliška ; Boušová, Iva (advisor) ; Novotná, Eva (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Eliška Trejbalová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Iva Boušová, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Monika Mašková Title of diploma thesis: Incidence of malignant monoclonal gammopathies in patients examined at the Regional Hospital Jičín a.s. Monoclonal gammopathies include diseases affecting B-lineage blood cells of malignant and non-malignant origin, the common feature of which is the presence of M-protein in the patient's serum or urine. Malignant monoclonal gammopathies, like other malignant diseases, are on the rise in terms of case rates in the long term. Malignant monoclonal gammopathies include, among others, multiple myeloma, which is the second most common blood tumour, and less prevalent diseases (e.g. Waldenström' s macroglobulinemia). Most malignant monoclonal gammopathies are preceded by a non-malignant type called monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Patients with this diagnosis are recommended to be monitored at specific intervals and in case of progressions to malignancy, to initiate treatment in time. The main goal of this thesis was to detect monoclonal gammopathy in patients examined at the Jičín Regional Hospital so that the analysis covers as many people as possible in the...
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Motocycle ride test methodology to identify tyre model parametres
Tobiáš, Martin ; Ph,D,, Pavel Ščerba, (referee) ; Magdolen, Luboš (referee) ; Porteš, Petr (advisor)
The topic of the thesis is the analysis of dynamic driving states of motorcycles within the long-term goal of creating new tools and methods for the purpose of vehicle research at the Department of Motor Vehicles, IAE, FSI BUT. The aim of the thesis is to develop a methodology to extract data from the measured motorcycle ride, usable for the creation and tuning of tire models. The method consists in the implementation of inverse multibody simulations using internally developed software tools. These require the creation of a plausible multibody model of the motorcycle and a measurement system that records the quantities corresponding to the degrees of freedom of the multibody model of the motorcycle with sufficient accuracy during the ride. The definition of appropriate riding manoeuvres is also part of the developed methodology. The thesis presents the realization of these requirements, including the results of inverse multibody simulations. These are further analyzed and processed in order to demonstrate their applicability to the intended purpose. Subsequently, a discussion of the achieved results and possible continuation of the research is offered.
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Low-calorie dietary regimes and their importance in the therapy of obesity
Dolejšová, Ester ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Mikeš, Ondřej (referee)
Starting points: Low-calorie diets (LCD) and very low-calorie diets (VLCD) are often indicated for effective and rapid weight reduction in patients with higher degrees of obesity (BMI ≥ 35). However, in many of these patients, short-term diets end in the typical yo-yo effect. In the presence of various diseases, the patient's health may also be harmed during these regimes. On the other hand, for many patients, these diets can represent a major shift in treatment if timed and executed correctly. Goals: The main goal of this study is to evaluate two- to three-week LCD and VLCD regimes conducted during hospitalization in ward D3 of the III Internal Clinic of the General University Hospital in Prague as part of weight-reduction stays and to assess their long-term effect. Methods: Quantitative, non-interventional research was conducted retrospectively. The research sample consisted of 60 patients who underwent a weight-reduction stay in inpatient ward D3 in 2022. With consent from the patients, initial data were taken from their medical records and from the mobile application Čas pro zdraví. Anthropometric data provided by the patients were used to calculate BMI and EBW (excess body weight). The collected data were processed in Excel program. Subsequently, the data were sorted for research purposes and...
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Comparison of school readiness levels of children from selected regular and speech and speech therapy kindergartens using the iSophi diagnostic tool.
Vičíková, Nikola ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Pavlová, Ilona (referee)
Title: Comparison of school readiness levels of children from selected regular and speech and speech therapy kindergartens using the iSophi diagnostic tool Objectives: The main aim of this study is to compare the areas of school readiness accessed by the iSophi test battery in children from selected kindergartens, namely two regular kindergartens and two speech therapy kindergartens in Prague. Methods: A total of 40 children aged 5-7 years (20 from a regular kindergarten, 20 from a speech therapy kindergarten) underwent an assessment of school readiness using the iSophi tool. The iSophi tool, developed by the STEP Educational Psychological Consultancy in 2019, includes 13 areas, some of which are tested on the spot by the examiner (e.g., graphomotor skills, pre-mathematical ideas, time orientation, etc.) and others by the teacher based on long- term evaluation (e.g., self-care, gross motor skills, social understanding, etc.). Data processing is done using the My iSophi digital extension and has a graphical form (linear graphs for individual skills and pie chart for overall evaluation). A purpose-designed anamnestic questionnaire for the probands' parents and an evaluation survey for the teachers were used to obtain complements. Results: On average, children attending regular kindergarten achieved a...
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Does meat brighten our minds? The effect of meat on cognitive abilities in old age.
Barbušová, Nina ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Chadimová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis examines the effects of meat consumption and socioeconomic factors on the cognitive abilities of the elderly in Europe and Israel. The study utilizes a logistic model with independent variables including daily meat consumption, socioeconomic factors, lifestyle choices, and other dietary habits. The binary dependent variable, representing success in cognitive tests, was designed based on the Mini-Mental State test which comprehensively measures the cognitive performance of individuals. Results show that daily meat consumption deteri- orates cognitive performance in the old age, reducing the odds of passing cog- nitive tests. Conversely, results indicate that education, income, and working increase the probability of better cognitive outcomes in old age. These find- ings contribute to the understanding of the dietary and socioeconomic impacts on cognitive health and could guide public health recommendations aimed at promoting cognitive resilience in the aging population. Keywords Meat consumption, cognitive abilities, elderly people, SHARE Title Does meat brighten our minds? The effect of meat on cognitive abilities in old age.
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Corporate social responsibility - a case of FK Dukla Praha
Hrubeš, Jiří ; Kaprálková, Michaela (advisor) ; Ruda, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Social responsibility of FK Dukla Praha Objectives: The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to find out how FK Dukla Prague works with the concept of social responsibility based on the theoretical part and semi-structured interviews with Dukla employees. Another purpose is to find out the awareness of FK Dukla Prague fans about socially responsible activities of the club. The thesis also aims to establish recommendations for the club based on the research. Methods: First, a research of secondary data is conducted in this work. This is followed by qualitative and quantitative research methods. The qualitative method is in the form of semi-structured interviews with 3 club workers. Then the following method is a questionnaire survey carried out with fans of FK Dukla Praha. Results: Finding out how FK Dukla Praha works with the CSR concept brought some interesting findings. CSR is not part of the club's strategy or values, and these are mostly one-off projects without long-term goals and plans. Fans have some awareness of CSR projects that could be better communicated and promoted. The club's activity is mainly devoted to projects in the social area, while respondents see a lack of involvement in the environmental area. These results are the basis for the recommendations for the club, the main...
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The effect of the smoking ban in bars and restaurants on the health of the non-smoking population in Czech Republic
Bláhová, Adéla ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Lušková, Martina (referee)
In 2017, the Czech Republic became one of many European countries to adopt a comprehensive smoking ban prohibiting smoking in various public places including bars and restaurants. This thesis estimates the effect of this policy on the health of Czech non-smokers. To evaluate the impact of the smoking ban, we apply the difference-in-differences method to compare our treatment group, i.e. Czech non-smoking population, with the control group represented by non- smokers from the Slovak Republic, where such a policy was not implemented. The study used micro-level data from the European Health Interview Survey in 3 subsequent waves: 2009, 2014, and 2019. Two econometric models were employed on two distinct dependent variables, that were chosen as proxies of health. Firstly, the presence of longstanding health problem is modeled utilizing logistic regression. Subsequently, the number of nights spent in the hospital in the past 12 months is estimated by a Zero-inflated negative binomial model. We found a significant decrease in both the probability of experiencing a longstanding health problem and the expected number of nights spent in the hospital, suggesting that the smoking ban positively affected the health of the Czech non-smoking population. Keywords smoking ban, health, passive smoking, EHIS, Czech...
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Effect of long-term drought on plant-associated microbiota
Billichová, Tereza ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kohout, Petr (referee)
Plant-associated microorganisms are very important for plant growth. Microbiota influence, for example, nutrient uptake, flower and fruit production or biocontrol of pathogens. Microorganisms are found in various plant organs. Each plant part then creates different environments for the microorganisms to live in. This may influence their different functions depending on which plant part they are found in. One such function is to help plants cope with adverse conditions. Drought, as an adverse condition, has a major effect on both plants and micro-organisms. The aim of this thesis is to study effect of long-term drought on the composition of the microbiota in the rhizosphere and leaf and root endosphere. Long-term drought affected the composition of microbial communities in different plant parts. According to the original hypothesis, the response to drought of prokaryotes differed from that of fungal communities. Fungal communities are more stable and their alpha diversity did not change much during the different durations. The opposite trend in diversity is seen in prokaryotes, where a relative increase in specialists can also be observed. Regarding specific microbial taxa, the results confirm the previously reported trend of increasing Actinobacteria abundance during drought. For fungi, on the...
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Detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks
Brázda, Mikuláš ; Hranický, Radek (referee) ; Žádník, Martin (advisor)
This work deals with the detection of DDoS attacks in the CESNET3 network infrastructure, utilizing NetFlow record analysis. Considering the dynamic nature of network traffic, it treats the data as an infinite stream. To store and efficiently process large volumes of data, it employs the sketch method, which allows for a compact representation of data without losing key information about the network traffic. The core of the detection mechanism is the adaptive CUSUM algorithm, which accumulates deviations from a long-term moving average. An alert is triggered when a threshold is exceeded. The module was tested on real network data with various parameter settings to demonstrate its properties. The implemented module is part of the NEMEA system.
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Optimalizace řízení podmínek v inteligentním skleníku
Vilimovský, Dan ; Beran, Vítězslav (referee) ; Bažout, David (advisor)
The work focuses on finding ways to optimize the operation of a smart greenhouse by reducing operating costs and facilitating the sustainability of an ideal environment for plant development in the greenhouse. The aim is to model the conditions in the greenhouse using a developed neural network model that is able to predict the values of environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity. This model is trained on real data obtained from long-term measurements in a test facility. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the possibility of using this neural network model to optimize the control of the greenhouse operation so that ideal development conditions for the plants grown or reduced electricity consumption used for the operation of appliances can be ensured in the future.
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