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Infertility of the 21th century and it's solution
Přibylová, Hana ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Thorovská, Alena (referee)
ABSRACT: Problems with infertility is very actual theme, each sixth couple, which decide to have children, deal with the problem of infertility. This bachelor thesis makes efforts to give a summary of possibility. At first there is a clarification of infertility (both the men's one and the women's one), causes of sterility and possibility of screening infertility (including immunology issues). The thesis is focused on varius opportunity of solution the problem: form of treatment infertility, especially assisted reproduction and it's varius modifications. Very discussed solution is surrogate maternity, which is elaborated. And at last the opportunity of adoption, which is for many people the end of unsuccessful treatment. The research part is aimed at describe and analyse individual case of women, who are forced to deal with given problem, which opportunities the women choose or chose (with respect to state of health, life attitude, faith and financial opportunities). The conclusion of research part is formulation of advices and recommendations to women centend with sterility or to women who wil be forced to solve this problem.
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Legal aspects of assisted reproduction
Thalerová, Nicol ; Salač, Josef (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
Reproductive Medicine currently represents one of the fastest growing medical fields. The birth of Louise Joy Brown as the first baby conceived in vitro fertilization or in vitro, is considered being the historic milestone in development of the treatement methods in assised reproducion. Ethical discussions regarding the admissibility of these methods have developed as a result of technological advance of the infertility treatment. Adequate response of applicable law was required on the currant state of medicine which resulted in the need to regulate legally this field whether it's about establishing of assumption of fatherhood with regard to determination of fatherhood of a child conceived through artificial insemination, as well as determination of the basic conditions for the access to assisted reproductive techniques. Originally, the legislation of artificial insemination was defined only in the implementing regulation of the Ministry of Health, as the reproductive technologies were entirely new area. Today, the area of assisted reproduction is regulated in Act no. 373/2011. This thesis deals with the regulation of the assisted reproduction and it focuses on the controversial methods and procedures which are based on child sex selection, gamete donation and donor anonymity and also it deals with...
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Epigenetic and structural characteristics of mammalian oocytes and embryos: extrapolation for human ART
Langerová, Alena ; Fulka, Josef (advisor) ; Pěknicová, Jana (referee) ; Chod, Jiří (referee)
It is now more than 35 years since the first world test-tube baby, Louise Brown, was born (1978) in England and it is estimated that since then more than 4 000 000 of children were produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF) worldwide. The initial success of IVF was less than 20% in best clinics, but now it reaches about 40%. This is a consequence of introduction of new methods, standardization and exploitation of new manipulation and culture media, as well as the incorporation of research results. Nevertheless, the most important still remains the skill and experience of IVF clinics and IVF laboratories staff, especially their ability to critically evaluate the quality of biological material and to decide which cure and treatment are the best one. At least, some biological material (immature and low quality oocytes) can be used for training and also for some experiments aiming to explain some questions, which are not yet fully understood (for example aneuploidies in human oocytes and embryos). In addition, this training can facilitate the introduction of new progressive approaches and may also improve indirectly the quality of infertility treatments. The first part of thesis is focused on the quality evaluation of oocytes collected by aspiration from follicles of stimulated patients. For labeling...
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The Impact of Involuntary Childlessness on Partner relationship
Komorová, Anna ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Niederlová, Markéta (referee)
The topic of this thesis is involuntary childlessness and its impact on partner relationships. The theoretical part describes theories which try to explain, why people want to have children; here the knowledge about infertility, its therapy and other ways of solving this problem are summarized. The next part of the thesis deals with involuntary childlessness and its psychosocial aspects; special attention is paid to involuntary childlessness in connection to partner relationships. This part also summarizes the coping strategies of partners and presents the possible ways of psychological help for them. The empirical part was implemented by using the qualitative research, the semi-structured interviews and the method of Inclusion of Other in the Self scale. Total of 11 respondents took part, all women and each of them with experience in the area of involuntary childlessness. This part presents answers on the questions about the sense of parenthood for involuntarily childless women, their emotions and partner relationships. It surveys the areas of partner relationships, which were affected by the involuntary childlessness and describes what happens in relationship during this experience. It also shows the view of the individual respondents on the role of the social environment, on the life without...
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Political discourse of infertility in the years 1989 - 2012 in the Czech Republic
Kostelecká, Hana ; Dudová, Radka (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
This thesis describes and analyses discourses that preceded the legislation changes regarding assisted reproduction in connection with setting an upper age limit for women who are undergoing assisted reproduction treatments in socialist system as well as in democratic system. This work defined discourses of both political systems compares with the accent on governmentality as a tool for population control. This analysis is valuable primarily because of describing principles of working the whole "system of assisted reproduction" and provides insight into the political discourse of infertility, respective on its part concerning the Czech legislation taking into account the phenomenon of reproductive tourism. No one from the topics - both the political discourse of infertility then the reproductive tourism have not had been in the Czech literature written up yet. The work shows the establishment of proper parenting standards in the political discourse through the topic of artificial insemination. Key words Infertility, assisted reproduction, reproductive tourism, discourse, frames, normality of motherhood, prekarization of infertility, governmentality, biopower, Michel Foucault
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Inhibins in reproduction
Babčová, Katarína ; Ulčová-Gallová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Kužel, David (referee) ; Crha, Igor (referee)
Inhibin A and B participate to regulation of gametogenesis. We investigated their applicability as a marker of gametogenesis of men fertility disorders. We monitored the levels of inhibins during the treatment. We interested in their paracrine activity, relationship in sera, follicular fluid and seminal plasma depending on cause of fertility failure. We studied the levels of inhibin B in serum and seminal plasma from 355 men treated for fertility failure, in the context of their andrological and immunological findings (quality of spermiogrammes and acrosome area). We monitored concentration of levels of inhibin A and B in serum and follicular fluids depending on cause of fertility failure, on course and treatment outcome. We took blood samples in the time of the oocytes collection, of the embryotransfer and early pregnancy. The follicular fluids were obtained during the oocytes collection. The levels of both of inhibins were measured by ELISA in all medium (serum, follicular fluid, seminal plasma). We confirm, that inhibin B is useful marker of spermatogenesis in men, but is necessary to examine patient in complex with determination of immunology profile or quality of acrosome. Seminal plasma is, in some indicated cases, more suitable diagnostics material. Similarly inhibin B in women seems to be...
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Psychological experience infertility and assisted reproduction in terms of infertile individuals
Vinterová, Lucie ; Tollarová, Blanka (advisor) ; Konečná, Hana (referee)
The aim of this dissertation was to find out how does a woman experience infertility and how do women experience the process of assisted reproduction, comunication with the personel in the centres of reproductive medicine, relationships with their surroundings, family and friends. This dissertation answers three main questions: How does a person experiences asisted reproduction? What kind of copying strategies they use to overcome the stress connected with assisted reproduction? How does an individual experience approach and communication skills of the personel of a centres of reproductive medicine. According to chosen topic of experiencing infertility I have chosen a qualitative research method in the form of case study. Basic strategy for sample selection was purposive (judgemental) sampling through centre of reproductive medicine. I have chosen grounded theory method for the data analysis. Standardized interview was made with every participant. Findings of this qualitative research brings the understanding to person experiencing infertility. Those findings will contribute to more empathy understanding to patiens and their partners during hard time in their life from health care profesionals working in centrs of reproductive medicine. The facts that emerged from this research forms a...
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Psychological Aspects of Assisted Reproduction
Karel, David ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
This dissertation work aims to contribute to the understanding and explanation of individual psychological experience during the process of assisted reproduction. The research objective is to understand and describe infertile individual's experience during the process of assisted reproduction techniques treatment. The aim of the project is to immerse into the experience of infertile individuals and try to understand what the individual ascribes to himself, his infertility, reproductive medicine and how the individual perceives reality. The work helps to understand the experience of individual's perception of himself, his partner and his surroundings, in relation to his infertility and assisted reproduction techniques and what feelings and emotions he experiences. The dissertation project is answering four research questions: How do the participants feel about their child? How do the participants experience the process of assisted reproduction techniques? How do participants experience the emotions in the context of assisted reproduction? How do participants think about their partners and the social environments in the context of conception and ART? The nature of the adopted epistemological anthropomorphic attitude and theoretical models of the interaction symbolism and social constructivism, a...
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The effect of diabetes mellitus on male reproduction
Valášková, Eliška ; Pěknicová, Jana (advisor) ; Seifertová, Eva (referee)
Increasing infertility is considered a serious problem of human reproduction. Male factor infertility is the cause of more than 60% of problem pairs and sperm quality by reducing the number will grow. One of the possible risk factors is diabetes mellitus (DM). As a result of insufficient and often conflicting analyzes of sperm quality, the DM as a risk factor in the evaluation of male fertility neglected. The use of new molecular techniques revealed pathological effects diabetes mellitus on sperm function and spermatogenesis.
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Nursing care for pregnant women after assisted reproduction
BUDÍNOVÁ, Michala
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of infertility and also of the midwife care of a pregnant woman after assisted reproduction. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and the research part. The theoretical part initially defines the terms of infertility, fertility and sterility. Since infertility is always a diagnosis of a couple, the anatomy of a woman and of a man is described. Subsequently, the thesis focuses on the issue of infertility, i.e. assisted reproduction. What are the methods, risks and financing of assisted reproduction? The most common method of assisted reproduction includes Artificial Insemination and In Vitro Fertilisation. Assisted reproduction is a field of medicine that works with sperm, ova and embryos outside the body of a person, in order to make the woman pregnant. These methods carry certain risks, which are also being described in the thesis. The theoretical part is concluded with a description of the midwife care of a pregnant woman after assisted reproduction, where the midwife education and the term of nursing are emphasised. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out the specifics in the care of a pregnant woman after assisted reproduction. Three research questions had been asked: What is the nursing care of a pregnant woman after assisted reproduction like from the viewpoint of pregnant women? What is level of satisfaction of women with the nursing care after assisted reproduction? What are the specifics of experiencing woman's pregnancy after assisted reproduction? A quantitative research survey was used for the research, and data collection was conducted through individual interviews. The basis for the interview were 13 questions prepared in advance, 4 of which were the identifying questions. The research group was formed of eight female respondents. The interviews with women took place in quiet, predetermined places. Prior to the interview, a written request for co-operation was submitted to the respondent. In this request, the respondents were informed about the aim of the research and preservation of anonymity, see Annex 2. The request was signed by all eight female respondents before the actual interview. The interviews were recorded in writing continuously, analysed and divided into the main categories and subcategories, based on the answers of the respondents, using coloured text. The aim was to identify the individual consensus in the opinions of the addressed pregnant women after assisted reproduction. The first category examined the issue of assisted reproduction and was divided into ten subcategories, which dealt with the reasons for going through assisted reproduction, the methods of assisted reproduction, the environment of the centre of assisted reproduction, the personnel of the centre of assisted reproduction, experiencing the assisted reproduction prior to pregnancy, experiencing pregnancy after assisted reproduction, lifestyle during pregnancy after assisted reproduction, complications during pregnancy, opinions on financial burden of the clients and availability of information about assisted reproduction. The results of the research have shown the lifestyle of a woman after assisted reproduction, where the trend of activities was yoga, but at the same time limiting activities and inability to work from the very beginning of the pregnancy. The most common method in infertility treatment is IVF, where there is a high financial burden. The bachelor thesis has shown that women who have undergone assisted reproduction experience fear. Most often it is the fear of miscarriage. And that the infertility is not just a problem of women, but also of men.
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