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The illness of pre school age children in connection with level of vitamin D in blood
KAISEROVÁ, Klára
Literature and individual authors, for example, in the Czech Republic, Tláskal (2013) and Broulík (2013) agree and draw attention to the negative effect of vitamin D deficiency on a wide range of diseases. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out how low levels of vitamin D affect the occurence of respiratory diseases in pre-school and school children. A complementary subject of research is to determine the proportion of vegetable oils or animal fats used in the preparation of children's diet in the home environment. In connection with sun-light and vitamin D formation, I will also look at whether parents apply to children creams with a protective factor, or when. The theoretical part describes the basic information about vitamins and more specifically is devoted to groups of fat and water soluble vitamins. Another part of the theoretical work is dedicated to vitamin D, which deals with both basic information as well as detailed problems of the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the immune system of children. Furthermore, in the theoretical part of the thesis, the optimal plasma calcidiol saturation is mentioned, closely related to the research part of the thesis. In the practical part I worked with a set of 17 respondents in pre-school and school age, and they were divided into two groups. The first group consists of 12 respondents with recurring airway inflammation; the second group consisted of 5 "healthy" children who did not experience recurrent airway inflammation. By venipuncture (venous blood sampling), all patients were laboratory tested and then compared the blood vitamin D level with the physiological standard of the age group. The question of the fat ratio in the diet and the use of sunscreen was evaluated by a questionnaire for all respondents. From the processed results in our research group of respondents it has been shown that the level of vitamin D in blood in children with respiratory diseases is low. It has also been shown that in the preparation of the diet in both groups of respondents, vegetable oils predominate above the animal fats. The results showed that parents in most cases apply sunscreen creams in direct sunlight if they do not visit the sea most often in the Czech Republic. The overall factors that could have the most impact on the outcome of the whole practical part of the thesis are the small number of respondents overall.
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The influence of a high-fat diet on the parameters of body composition
Jelínek, Ondřej ; Coufalová, Klára (advisor) ; Petr, Miroslav (referee)
Title: The influence of a high-fat diet on the parameters of body composition Objective: Evaluation of the effects of a high-fat diet on weight, body composition and intervening variables in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, comparing these effects with those of diets of lesser fat content, and an evaluation of these findings with latest dietary guidelines of WHO, FAO and Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. Methods: The design of this thesis is a review of randomized controlled trials and randomized crossover trials. A total of 17 trials were included, regardless of their blinding and their energy or saturated fat restriction. No specification of inclusion criteria with regard to minimal sample size or minimal duration of the intervention was made. Results: The trials have shown that a high-fat diet produced on average greater weight loss in the short-term than a diet with lesser fat content, however, by 1 year the differences were not significant. No differences were observed between the effects of the diets on fat mass or fat free mass in any of the trials included. Trials comparing the effects of diets on appetite have shown that fat has a greater satiating effect than carbohydrate, but lesser satiating effect than protein. The findings didn't fully correspond with official...
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Students' Awareness about the Nutritional Value of Fats
Hlaváčková, Zuzana ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Vodáková, Jitka (referee)
Bachelor theses is concerned with the fats in terms of nutrition, where fats are regarded as one of the basic nutrients in human nutrition. Specifically, is concerned with the characteristics of fats, their technological processing and importance in human boarding. Detail is focused on finding specific knowledge about fats among selected adults. The aim of this work is to clarify the extent to which selected adult overview of fats and what have the knowledge, which in turn can use in your everyday life when choosing foods and preparing meals. At the same time also to provide input for knowledge of fats, which are subsequently used in further work, which will focus on a different target group namely students from secondary schools and grammar schools. Keywords Fats, nutrition, margarine, fatty acids, cholesterol
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Students' Awareness about the Nutritional Value of Fats
Hlaváčková, Zuzana ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Vodáková, Jitka (referee)
Bachelor theses is concerned with the fats in terms of nutrition, where fats are regarded as one of the basic nutrients in human nutrition. Specifically, is concerned with the characteristics of fats, chemical composition, technological processing and the importance of diet in humans. The first objective of this theses was to create a literary overview of the fats in the diet. The second objective of this theses was to clarify the extent to which selected high school students an overview of fats and chat they have the knowledge, which in turn can use in your everyday life when choosing foods and preparing meals. For this purpose was performed a questionnaire survey among selected students of secondary education and its results are discussed in the conclusion of this theses. Keywords Fats, nutrition, margarine, fatty acids, knowledge, education
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Importance of nutrition, mainly proteins, in power sports.
Šesták, David ; Bláha, Pavel (advisor) ; Martinča, Jozef (referee)
Heavy athletics is a great stress for a human organism. This stress has to be compensated by proper nourishment and proper relaxation. Higher intake of all nutrients is always linked to heavy athletics. Some nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc and proteins have a unique role in strength disciplines. Especially proteins are considered by both amateur and professional athletes as the most essential for muscle building. It is questionable how much protein is needed and how does its quality (directly linked to digestibility and absorbency) differ in animal and plant proteins, or even in supplementations proteins. The types of nourishment proteins that are combined together and what type of training is preferred matter significantly. Other agents of high significance are evidently, with direct or indirect influence, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, fats, vitamins, minerals and drinking habits.
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Comparison of nutritional values of different edible insect species
Maňhal, Daniel ; Kouřimská, Lenka (advisor) ; Kulma, Martin (referee)
The worlds limited agricultural resources will soon no longer be able to continue to support its ever growing population. One way to alleviate this problem is to integrate insects into the human diet, which is an increasingly common practice in Asia, Africa and South America. This practice has proven to be beneficial in a number of ways. Insects have better feed-conversion efficiency, transforming organic matter into larger amount of edible body mass than traditional livestock. Comparing to the livestock, insects have much smaller ecological impact on the environment. On the other hand, allergic reactions to toxins produced by some insects represent a potential risk of entomophagy. Nutritional values of insects depend on many factors, such as type of insect, its developmental stage, sex, and consumed feed. Generally, insects are a rich source of nutrients comparable to or even higher than traditional sources of meat.
Nutritional values of farm raised field crickets (Gryllus assimilis), originating from the Czech Republic, were analyzed in the experimental section of this thesis. Specifically, contents of dry matter, crude protein, fat and fatty acid profile were the main focus. The dry matter content was determined using an infrared technique. The crude protein content was measured using the Kjeldahl method. The Soxhlet method was applied for fat extraction. Extracted fat was determined gravimetric. Using gas chromatography, a lipid profile was obtained. Measured values were compared to those found in the literature. Emphasis was put on the comparison with other types of potentially edible insects and on the nutritional values of wild and farmed insects. Finally, these nutritional values were compared to the corresponding nutritional values of conventional meat to illustrate the benefits of entomophagy.
The analyzes showed that insect originating from the Czech Republic had very similar qualitative composition to species from different geographical regions and its nutritional value is fully competitive with conventional meat.
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System for the collection of oils and fats from population
Lebeda, Tomáš ; Altmann, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Mimra, Miroslav (referee)
The aim is to assess whether it would be appropriate and possible to extend the separate collection of waste by collecting used edible oil from households. The aim is to demonstrate that the intention is not too costly initial investment and does not require permanent financial subsidy. It is designed recovered system with regard to the lowest possible cost. The main tasks was to identify potential recovered population, determine the recovered system with regard to legislative procedures to determine appropriate waste collection containers and pick-up technique and the assessment of the project in terms of economy. In the Literary sources are given the mechanisms used for logistics of waste management. In your own work experience has been established and the existing system is extended and elaborated on the specific properties of oils. The project is completed economic evaluation with regard to population density collection sites and recommendations are made for practice. Finally, it is a discussion of the proposed system and has been operated by way of collection in some areas.
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Nutrition of top bodybuilders
Knobová, Kateřina ; Hučko, Boris (advisor) ; Kodeš, Alois (referee)
This bachelor thesis outlines nutritional guidelines for top bodybuilders, including the bulk phase, drawing preparation and recovery period.
Bodybuilding consists of a number of mutually related and interdependent parts (training, recovery, nutrition, lifestyle, dietary regimen etc.) and neglecting one single of them may have a significant impact on final achievements.
Nutrition is one of the principal issues in bodybuilding.
The thesis describes the key nutritional attributes for the first year of the recommended diet, starting with the basic nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates and fats), supplementary components such as vitamins, minerals and dietary supplements, and including a list of recommended foods.
The thesis shows that top bodybuilders´ diet is very specific, although, interestingly enough, consisting largely of regular food items that are suitable for any humans. The most important attributes of the diet are quality and content of nutrients, as well as their amount and rate of absorption. The timing of the diet intake, drinking schedule, the use of selected supplements are also relevant. The thesis provides an overview of key supplements like vitamins and minerals, protein and carbohydrate concentrates, anabolic boosters and NO supplements, joint nutrition, BCAA (Branched Chain Amino Acids), fat burners, arginine, creatine, glutamine etc.
One of the unique attributes of bodybuilders' lifestyle and diet can be seen in alternating between phases of intensive training and regeneration, which is driven by their sheer will and dedication.
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