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Nutritional factors and influence on body build.
Chmelařová, Veronika ; Bláha, Pavel (advisor) ; Martinča, Jozef (referee)
Nutrition is to ensure nutrients needed to sustain life activity, healthy growth and reproduction. Good healthy food can improve the quality and length of life. Positive effects intensify if the diet is combined with other elements of a healthy lifestyle: fresh air, physical activity, rest, avoiding toxic substances and a good mental state. In the Czech Republic there are changes in eating habits in the last 20th years. The food consumption was a major coup in the volume and in the structure. Changes occurred in the availability of food from seasonal to year-round became available in grocery stores are spread in our fast food intake, and thus the sweet soft drinks. The number of sedentary jobs and reduce the physical activity. Obesity is defined as weight gain above the physiological limits due to accumulation of fat reserves. It is considered epidemic 20th and 21 century. Obesity and being overweight is associated with a high risk of major chronic disease, which is related both to the degree of obesity, but also the distribution of body fat. The prevalence of obesity and overweight is increasing rapidly in developed societies (USA, Canada, Australia etc.). The problem is mainly the growth of the health problems in children and adolescents. It is therefore necessary to increase the prevention of...
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Evaluation nutrition of representative and recreational endurance runners
Jančová, Jana ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Martinča, Jozef (referee)
This bachelor thesis focused on the comparison nutrition of representative and recreational endurance runners. First part is theoretical. It deals with general concepts which are very important for understanding entire work. From general concepts it goes to specific sport nutrition focused on endurance. Practical part evaluates results, which were obtained from respondents. This is an analysis of four-day diet in two groups of people, followed by comparison and evaluation. Respondents from first group are representative endurace runners. Diets of respondents, which compete at high level in endurance sports,specially orienteering, are compared with group of recreational runners. Main objective of this work was to find out whether eating habits of representative endurance runners and recreational runners are different, if so, to what measure. Key words: run, endurance, performance, sport nutrition, diet
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Eating Disorders in Sport
Houbová, Eliška ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Martinča, Jozef (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with eating disorders related to sport. The thesis is divided into two parts. The main task of the theoretical part is to describe the individual eating disorders, the causes of the disease and its health complications. In addition, this section discusses specific athletic requirements for nutrition, safe weight loss and treatment of eating disorders. The practical part of this work includes quantitative research in the form of a questionnaire survey conducted among sporting girls and women in different age categories. It deals primarily with nutritional status, weight loss in athletes and the reason why they decided on the diet. Data collection results are evaluated using tables and graphs. The results show that 90 % of female and female girls have sometimes been restricted in eating, which was mostly their decision. A total of 63% did not have enough information about the reductive diet, so they acted on their own discretion.
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Nutritional assessment of female extraleague volleyball players
Šuterová, Jana ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Martinča, Jozef (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on nutritional assessment of female extraleague volleyball players. First theoretical part is dedicated to volleyball physiology and the importance of macronutrients and hydration. Practical part summarizes and evaluates results of a questionnaire and nutritional intake of volleyball players. The results are compared to international studies dedicated to similar topic. The subject of this study includes 28 extraleague female volleyball players from the age of 16 to 24. The evaluation of nutritional intake revealed that participants failed to meet current energy recommendation for physically active females. The mean energy intake was 27,5 kcal/kg of body weight, however the recommendation is 37- 41 kcal/kg of body weight. In addition to low energy intake, the participant's mean energy intake from carbohydrates was also inadequate. Athletes are usually recommended to consume 60 % of energy from carbohydrates, about 6-10 g/kg of body weight. Participants of this study consumed only 50,9 % of their energy intake from carbohydrates, 3,5 g/kg of body weight. Daily intake of fiber was very low - 15,5 g, considering the recommendation 30-35 g per day. Generally, fat intake should range from 20 % to 30 % of total energy intake. Participants of this study consume 32,6 %, which...
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Nutritional factors and influence on body build.
Chmelařová, Veronika ; Bláha, Pavel (advisor) ; Martinča, Jozef (referee)
Nutrition is to ensure nutrients needed to sustain life activity, healthy growth and reproduction. Good healthy food can improve the quality and length of life. Positive effects intensify if the diet is combined with other elements of a healthy lifestyle: fresh air, physical activity, rest, avoiding toxic substances and a good mental state. In the Czech Republic there are changes in eating habits in the last 20th years. The food consumption was a major coup in the volume and in the structure. Changes occurred in the availability of food from seasonal to year-round became available in grocery stores are spread in our fast food intake, and thus the sweet soft drinks. The number of sedentary jobs and reduce the physical activity. Obesity is defined as weight gain above the physiological limits due to accumulation of fat reserves. It is considered epidemic 20th and 21 century. Obesity and being overweight is associated with a high risk of major chronic disease, which is related both to the degree of obesity, but also the distribution of body fat. The prevalence of obesity and overweight is increasing rapidly in developed societies (USA, Canada, Australia etc.). The problem is mainly the growth of the health problems in children and adolescents. It is therefore necessary to increase the prevention of...
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Importance of nutrition, mainly proteins, in power sports.
Šesták, David ; Bláha, Pavel (advisor) ; Martinča, Jozef (referee)
Heavy athletics is a great stress for a human organism. This stress has to be compensated by proper nourishment and proper relaxation. Higher intake of all nutrients is always linked to heavy athletics. Some nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc and proteins have a unique role in strength disciplines. Especially proteins are considered by both amateur and professional athletes as the most essential for muscle building. It is questionable how much protein is needed and how does its quality (directly linked to digestibility and absorbency) differ in animal and plant proteins, or even in supplementations proteins. The types of nourishment proteins that are combined together and what type of training is preferred matter significantly. Other agents of high significance are evidently, with direct or indirect influence, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, fats, vitamins, minerals and drinking habits.
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Nutrition and its impact on the physical construction of the athletes.
Vacínová, Gabriela ; Bláha, Pavel (advisor) ; Martinča, Jozef (referee)
This bachelor thesis explores the influence of nutrition on the physical composition of athletes. The present study is firmly grounded in theoretical findings derived from previously conducted studies on the same issue. More specifically, this thesis compares ideal nutrition composition of diet of athletes focusing on power sports with those athletes focusing on endurance sports. Whereas the first group strives to increase the overal weight throught a buildup of muscle weight, the second group is set either to decrease the overal body weight or at least keep such weight around a constant level. Furthemore, the study explores how specific nutrition and various dietary supplementations can be used to produce additional energy or help athletes to gain desired body weight and ideal body structure suitable for a particular sport discipline. Key words: nutrition, power sport, endurance sport, body composition
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