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Military training areas as anthropogenic biodiversity refuges
Bušek, Ondřej ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Marhoul, Pavel (referee)
Military training areas are used by armed forces as training territories. These areas are exposed to intensive anthropogenic disturbances. It may seem paradoxical that a number of studies had shown that on those particular areas is often present remarkably high biodiversity and numerous species of conservation concern. In this respect, military training areas are more valuable than most parts of surrounding landscape and thus form true biodiversity refuges. Particularly important are those areas for open habitats species. There are two main causes of uniqueness of military training areas. First, they are closed for any human activities not connected to military training. Because of this, these areas were not exposed to negative influences such as agricultural intensification or urbanization. Second, military activities create very heterogeneous habitat mosaic. This allows coexistence of many species with different ecological requirements. However, biota of military training areas is currently endangered due to abandonment by armed forces caused by downsizing national troops. The end of unique disturbance regime caused by military training leads to gradual homogenization of landscape mosaic and therefore to population decline of habitat specialists. Subsequent commercial development of these areas is another...
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Military monuments and Historical Memory. Toward the reception of sepulchral-military monuments of Wars between 1757 and 1914 in the Czech Lands
Kessler, Vojtěch ; Šedivý, Ivan (advisor) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee) ; Bělina, Pavel (referee)
Vojtěch Kessler Military monuments and Historical Memory Toward the reception of sepulchral-military monuments of Wars between 1757 and 1914 in the Czech Lands Abstract Topic of the thesis is reception of war monuments on territory of Czech Republic with relation to events between Seven Years' War and Prussian-Austrian war. In thesis war monuments are perceived as specific places of memory. Their so called second life modifies historical awareness about mentioned war events of Czech - or more precisely German- Czech-society in watched period. Changes of relationships to historical monuments are usually dynamic. Distinctive discontinuities - such as changes of government, social systems or departures of whole ethnic groups - influence also reception changes of places, objects and historical memory that are formed woth such places.
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Effects of isokinetic strength and postural muscles on dynamic strength, velocity and angular velocity of a front kick with and no carried load.
Krajcigr, Jan ; Vágner, Michal (advisor) ; Oláh, Vladan (referee)
Title: Effects of isokinetic strength and postural muscles on dynamic strength, velocity and angular velocity of a front kick with and no carried load. Objectives: The aim of the work was to find the effect of the isokinetic strength of hip and knee flexors and extensors of the lower limb performing a front kick, hip rotators during concentric and eccentric contraction of the standing lower limb and the postural muscles on dynamic forces, velocity and angular velocity of a front kick with and no carried load. Methods: This correlation study was conducted on 16 male participants (age: 22 ± 1,5 years⁏ weight: 79 ± 6,6 kg⁏ height: 182 ± 6,1 cm) studying military physical education at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports of Charles University in Prague. Participants performed 5 consecutive front kicks with or without additional load (0 kg, 5 kg, 15 kg, 30 kg, 45 kg). The dynamic strength of the kicks was measured using a Kistler force plate. The velocity and angular velocity of the kicks were measured using a motion capture system (Qualisys). The isokinetic strength of hip and knee flexors and extensors and hip internal and external rotators were measured using a Humac Norm isokinetic dynamometer (CSMI). Postural muscles strength was assessed using 5 different stability tests. The correlation...
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Education and Training of Hoplites in the Ancient Sparta and Athens
Dvořák, Jakub ; Přívětivý, Lubomír (advisor) ; Fiala, Miloš (referee)
Title: Education and Training of Hoplites in the Ancient Sparta and Athens Objectives: The objective of the thesis is to create the comprehensive overview of the education and training of soldiers in the ancient Sparta and Athens with emphasis on the army physical training and special physical training and following comparison with approach to training of current soldiers. Methods: The thesis is a development study of armies of the ancient Sparta and Athens with focus on the education and physical training, utilizing the methods of historical research. For the scientific research I have chosen the methods: direct, indirect, perspective, retrospective, induction, comparative method and internal and external criticism of sources. Results: In the thesis I research the approach to education and training of soldiers in the ancient Sparta and Athens. The Spartan system of raising boys started in childhood and took almost their whole life. Compared to that, the Athenian training focused more on the education than on the military training which did not begin until the age of 18. Both the Athenian and Spartan society raised their citizens to strong patriotism so they would defend their homeland in case of need. In combat the soldiers mainly utilized their spear and shield, and their combat tactics was to...
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Determination and protection of the state border of the Czechoslovak Republic and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
Jindra, Ondřej ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
During the study of the documents on the establishment and protection of the state border of Czechoslovakia and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, I have based myself on the literature and legal regulations in force and effective at the time of their use. I then drew indispensable information during consultations with my thesis supervisor. This thesis deals with the original control bodies of the past centuries that patrolled the borders, as well as the armed corps - the Financial Guard. It was established during the Austrian monarchy and continued its activities after the establishment of Czechoslovakia. The current borders of the Czech Republic are based on historical sources to which the Czechoslovak government referred when the Czechoslovak Republic was founded. Thanks to these efforts, we have the state borders as we know them today. However, the establishment of these borders was not at all easy, and at the very beginning of its existence Czechoslovakia had to make a military effort to maintain its borders. The greatest surveillance and protection of the borders took place during the 1930s, when the Czechoslovak Republic was preparing for a war conflict, which ultimately did not take place. The most important position was held by the Financial Guard, which in the event of a military conflict was...
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Effect of sleep deprivation on fine hand motor skills during disassembly and assembly of submachine gun Sa vz. 58
Szewieczek, Jakub ; Sýkora, Karel (advisor) ; Michalička, Vladimír (referee)
Title: Effect of sleep deprivation on fine hand motor skills, during disassembly and assembly of submachine gun Sa vz. 58 Objectives: Detection of the effect of acute sleep deprivation on the remediable motor skills of the hands. Methods: This theoretical-empirical work was performed on a research group of 14 young men (n=14) with a mean age of 23.1 ± 2.0 years, a height of 182.5 ± 5.8 cm and a weight of 79.7 ± 7.2 kg. These participants were volunteers from the field of military physical education at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (VO FTVS) of Charles University (UK). Participants were induced with acute (complete) sleep deprivation lasting 36 hours. During this period, they followed the set rules so that the results were not distorted and the course of the intervention proceeded according to standardized conditions. Disassembly and assembly of the submachine gun took place in relatively constant times and conditions, always in the morning and in the evening. The obtained data were then statistically processed in the program IBM SPSS ver. 25 using analyzes of variance of repeated measures. Results: The effect of sleep deprivation on fine motor skills of the hands was not evaluated statistically significant, it reached (p=0.398) in the analysis and (p=0.225) in the assembly of the...
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The process of modernizing electronic marketing of recruiting the new military personnel for the Army of the Czech Republic
Misík, Michal ; Plaček, Michal (advisor) ; Ochrana, František (referee)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is focused on t he s election of research methods, a description of the process of modernization of electronic marketing both in general in the public s ector and especially in the r ecruitment of milita ry personnel t o t he C zech Army. Specifically, it is a description of modernization and the goals of recruitment to the AČR as such. The theoretical part concludes with a description of the relevant personnel aspects - the specifics and human limits of recruitment to the AČR. In t he m ethodological p art of t he di ploma t hesis, pa rtial r esearch segments are ana lyzed. Quantitative analyzes of the success of advertising campaigns and recruitment websites are complemented by observation of the attitudes of relevant officials in the issue, reflecting the atmosphere and preferences i n the r elevant representatives. T he s ub-research areas are: technical a nalysis of modernization of w ebsites a nd c onstruction of ne w w ebsites f or recruitment to the AČR; quantification of running results a fter m odernization a nd quantification of results after the start of running of the new website; analysis of preparations for advertising campaigns; quantitative specifics of the development and especially the results of advertising campaigns for recruitment to...
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