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Karel Kramář, Roman Dmowski and Russia
Eidrnová, Markéta ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Švec, Luboš (referee)
The thesis introduces the comparison of political approaches of Karel Kramář and Roman Dmowski towards Russia or rather towards the Russian factor. At the beginning of the 20th century these two politicians from the national-democratic circles decided independently of each other to look for a help in order to achieve independence of their nations within Russia. They were not lead only by objective reasons because Russia seemed to be the most acceptable and the most appropriate variant but also by subjective feelings, like for example their antagonism towards Germans and Germany itself or in case of Karel Kramář his affection for anything Russian. The Russian factor did not disappear from their conceptions even after the creation of an independent Czechoslovakia and Poland and it continued to be a permanent part of these conceptions. Kramář was faithful to his idea of future democratic Russia and the Slavic federation headed by this new Russia and even the Bolshevik Revolution could change his mind. Kramář assumed that Czechoslovakia could only be permanently safe by the union with democratic Russia. Although Kramář laid more emphasis on the Russian factor than Dmowski, Russia did not lose its importance for Dmowski. However, the importance gradually declined after the creation of independent...
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Social Rehabilitation as a Tool to Increase the Independence of Persons with Visual Disabilities
KUČEROVÁ, Kateřina
This thesis looks at social rehabilitation courses designed for visually impaired people. Through social rehabilitation, people learn to do various activities which help them achieve independence, self-sufficiency and independence. The study aims to map out the experience of those who have completed a social rehabilitation course and whether it has helped them achieve a more independent life. It will also ascertain the reasons which led them to undertake the course and compare the opinions of clients with the opinions of those who run the courses. To begin with, the theoretical section of the study will describe visual perception, visual impairments and their sensory compensation. It further defines social rehabilitation and describes specific social rehabilitation courses. Trained instructors lead these courses and are in intensive contact with their clients. As such, a related subchapter describes the relations between instructors and clients. Also looked at is communication with people with visual impairments, which is highly specific in many cases. The practical section utilises a qualitative survey based on semi-structured interviews. The research survey comprises two parts, and I focus on the opinions of those who have completed the course in the first part, having spoken to 6 such people, while the second part of the investigation was undertaken amongst the course instructors (teachers). The interviews were undertaken at two organisations providing services to visually impaired people. The research results suggest that completing social rehabilitation courses has helped people increase their independence and thus improve their quality of life. The courses met the expectations of clients. The opinions of clients and instructors concurred to a large extent, with everyone seeing the courses as of great benefit. The deciding factors for beginning the courses were two fundamental needs the need for independent movement and the need to acquire new information, thus to learn something new. The research results can serve anyone who wishes to find out more about the life of people with visual impairments. They will also find out about special courses with which people with visual impairments can look after themselves and their family relatively independently.
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Maturity to kindergarten entrance
Králová, Barbora ; Opravilová, Eva (advisor) ; Loudová Stralczynská, Barbora (referee)
The purpose of this study is to analyse the level of maturity of children older than two years in the context of their potential integration in the public preschool education system before they reach the age of three years. The first chapter discusses the opinion of the EU Council of the preschool education, its ambition to promote the institutional care in line with the equal opportunities for men and women policy, and the situation in EU member states as regards meeting the 2002 Barcelona goals. The second chapter describes the current legislative and institutional framework in the Czech Republic. It focuses on the applicable legislation, namely the Parental Subsidy Act as amended, and the existing framework of the institutional care in question. The key focus of the third chapter is on children and their needs. The third chapter elaborates on various factors influencing their development such as family situation, age and other individual particularities. The last chapter of the theoretical part is on maturity of a child younger than three years from the point of view of the developmental psychology. The practical part surveys children maturity based on the environment examination in kindergartens, crèches and children homes. It encompasses observations of three children from their day one in...
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Influence of the RWCT Methods on Development of Selected Communication Skills of Preschool Children
Halamová, Hana ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Kropáčková, Jana (referee)
This work deals with development of preschool children vocabulary. It focuses on speech self, on its development in relation to thinking and the development from the ontogenetic perspektive. Further, its maps the view on speech development in the past and present. The part dealing with RWCT follows. The thesis tries to outline the basic ideas of this programme and its application in kindergarten. It aims to familiarise readers with new approaches and methods of language and speech development, and to outline the basics of this programme. The thesis also compares this programme with the Start Together programme, which issues from RWCT. Another topic of the thesis is a comparison of the objectives of RWCT and the Framework Education Programme for Preschool Education, where the relationship between RWCT and Framework Education Programme for Preschool Edication objectives is shown. In the practical part of the thesis, statistical data from two kindergartens show whether using RWCT methods in kindergarten positively impacts development of select communication skills of preschool children. The thesis aims to prove that the RWCT methods positively support the overall communication skills and abilities of preschool children.
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The Use of the Allowance for Care by the Elderly in 2010-2011
VÍTOVÁ, Jaroslava
This thesis deals with the issue of assessing seniors' needs in relation to the urgency of their admission into a residential care facility. Act No. 108/2006 on social services has significantly changed the way people can obtain necessary assistance. Now it is possible to purchase social services thanks to a social welfare benefit in form of an attendance allowance. There was an assumption that if there is a development in field social work, seniors will remain in their natural environment and therefore the interest in residential care facilities for older people will lower. However, this assumption was not met. The number of senior citizens interested in retirement homes greatly exceeds the capacity of individual facilities. When we assess the needs of seniors related to admission to a residential facility, such need is perceived as an insufficiency. If we get rid of this need or provide support to satisfy it, we achieve safety and security. The extent of such support can vary. The level of help people need determines the amount they receive as an attendance allowance, but it is not the only criterion for preferential admission into a retirement home. Seniors' difficult life situation does not have to be directly related to the level of help they need. If seniors get a lot of points during assessment of their degree of autonomy, self-sufficiency and objective conditions, it does not necessarily imply that they need to be urgently admitted into a residential care facility. This assessment is carried out according to methodological documents devised by the retirement home. The thesis uses a qualitative research strategy; that is, content analysis, case study and qualitative evaluation. Residential care facilities came up with requirements for objective assessment and selection of seniors to be admitted in order to reduce the number of applicants - from several hundred to a group that needs to be admitted urgently. These requirements led to a preparation of methodological materials that describe the whole standard procedure of interaction with people interested in the residential social service. Next, a method of point score system to select the candidates was also established. One of the aims of this thesis was to carry out a qualitative evaluation of methodological documents of a specific residential care facility for older people. Next goal was to assess the seniors' needs before they are admitted to residential care. A content analysis of social investigation records was also conducted. The results showed that the most important needs of seniors are safety and security. Older people submit applications for retirement homes, although they actually do not want to use this service. It is a manifestation of their fear of the future and it has a significant impact on the number of registered applications. On one hand, it is important to regard people as fully-fledged, independent, free and responsible beings at any age. But on the other hand, it is also vital to be aware of various limits and restrictions arising from natural ageing. We usually encounter two extreme opposites when we communicate with older people. Seniors usually overestimate or significantly underestimate themselves in the area of autonomy and self-sufficiency. If these areas were only self-evaluated and objective reality (or senior's surroundings) was not taken into account, the assessment result would be significantly distorted. Quality of needs' assessment and level of social investigation directly depend on the knowledge, skills and abilities of social workers; one of their most important skills is the ability to reflect.
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The influence of work and work activities on self concept mentally handicapped person
CHMELÍKOVÁ, Andrea
This thesis deals with the involvement of people with intellectual disabilities in a work activity, whether in employment or occupational therapy and the impact of this activity on their own self mentally handicapped person. The work is focused on the description of the circumstances that accompany the current issues of persons with intellectual disabilities and their integration into society as part of their participation in the labour market. Further, there is also prepared a theme of self-concept and its description in terms of humanistic psychology. The very aim of the research work is to determine what area of life of persons with intellectual disabilities is changed the most after their entry into employment or after the beginning of the execution of vocational rehabilitation. How these changes influence the self-identity of these persons. The research part will bring the survey of the most important areas of self-concept changes that individuals acquired after the entry into employment or occupational therapy.
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Activity, indepedence and creativity of children and adults in extracurricular environment
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Lenka
The bachelor thesis entitled Activity, Independence and Creativity of Children and Adults in Extracurricular Environment is focused on the development of skills which were mentioned in the title of the thesis. The theoretical part therefore deals with the definition of basic terms and approaches of different sciences and authors. It is also important to point to the differences among formal, informal and experiential education. Then the thesis proceeds to the demarcation of extracurricular education within leisure time. People spend their leisure time differently and therefore there are also mentioned various space and surroundings where they can go in for their leisure time activities. People should keep to certain unwritten rules when they are in mutual contact and when they communicate with each other and that is why the theoretical part pays attention also to prosocial behaviour which is very often the goal of ethical education. This behaviour is focused primarily on communication and the ability to hold a dialogue. The task of the practical part is to compile a catalogue of games which would not only encourage the development of prosocial behaviour, but would also contribute to the development of activity, independence and creativity of people of different ages. Some erudite experts will express their opinion on the final project and consider its benefit at the end of the thesis.
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Emergency preparedness of municipalities with authorization of the municipal office Březnice resulting from Crisis Plan MEP Pribram
PINKAVA, František
The thesis analyses municipality with a delegated local authority's preparedness for critical situations which results from the critical scheme of a municipality with extended powers. The results of this work are Crisis Preparedness Plan for the particular municipality which may be applied in practice. Processing of this part of the work is based on data gathering and solving when I mainly used factual and analytical method. Consultation with experts was also important since some sources were not always topical due to frequent legal decrees changes. The data gathering was done in a qualitative way when I worked with particular valid laws, government regulations, public notices and other legal norms and with available literature data, expert publications including website information, especially from official website of individual Integrated Rescue System units and the Home Office. In the research part itself, the city of Březnice is characterized and for which the Crisis Preparedness Plan is being made. General administrative characteristics of the city and municipalities which arise under are stated here as well as demography, infrastructure, geographical and climatic characterization. Important facilities from the point of view of population protection, such as schools, school and social facilities are graphically shown here; followed by characteristics of Integrated Rescue System units in the city together with instruments which are available to them. Another important part of the thesis is the hazard analysis which I had been given by the Czech Republic Fire Brigade from the Crisis Plan of Příbram's Area with Extended Powers and it has become the crucial source while writing this work. The hazard analysis identifies 14 threats which may occur in the Příbram Area. The most important part of this thesis is, in my opinion, the hazard analysis of the city of Březnice. Not all of the hazards may appear in the administrative area of the city Březnice, however, there may occur certain threats in this administrative area which are not underpinned in the Crisis Plan of the Příbram Area. Here I have come to the key findings crisis plans of the areas with extended powers are rather general and insufficient for preparing solutions of critical situations development in administrative areas with a delegated authority. I have come to those findings after having made a SWAT analysis and thanks to this I have discovered threats which were not dealt with in the crisis plan.There are several findings as a result of this thesis and the suggestion of the Plan of Crisis Preparedness of a municipality with delegated authority of Březnice. The first finding answers the research question of "Which are the hazards threatening performance of the tasks of a municipality with delegated authority of Březnice resulting from the Crisis Plan of Příbram's Area with Extended Powers and whether the municipality is ready to deal with these threats?" The city of Březnice is not quite prepared for upcoming hazards since there are not analyzed all threats which may occur, because these plans are too general to analyze well the setting of lower administrative districts and this has become the next finding. Further, I may claim that the city of Březnice is, in many ways, independent while dealing with certain crisis situations due to sources which the city provides. This is another aim of the work. The created suggestion of the Plan of Crisis Preparedness should contribute to effective solutions during crisis situations in a municipality with delegated authority of Březnice and thanks to created cards; the solution of crisis situations should become better-arranged with the plans. The created suggestion of the mentioned plan may become a model for processing crisis documentation in other municipalities.
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Palestine – history, religion and democracy as obstacles to independence
Engler, Matej ; Novotná, Yvona (advisor) ; Volenec, Otakar (referee)
Bachelor thesis focuses on the problematic development regarding Palestinian autonomy. It presents three aspects to evaluate the subject of this work. The first part describes the historical development of the conflict focusing on the impacts of development not only of Israel's political scene on Palestine, but also the development of the region itself and on the international scene as well. Religion, as the dominant element of politics not only in Israel, but also for many fundamentalist movements in Palestine, is discussed in the second part. This section focuses on defining Islam and Judaism, their differences, but also their common elements. The last section describes a brief democratic development in the Palestinian territories. Altogether their main purpose is to present whether it is possible for Palestine to be independent in the near future and if a longer peace is possible.
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