|
Role of Next Generation Sequencing in Diagnostics and Prognosis of X-linked Lysosomal Storage Disorders
Řeboun, Martin ; Dvořáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Fajkusová, Lenka (referee) ; Krejčí, Jan (referee)
The characterisation of the molecular-genetic etiology of monogenic diseases includes not only the identification of the pathogenic variant, but also the description of its effect on the RNA structure and stability. Additionally, the X-inactivation plays an important role in X-linked diseases. In the presented thesis, we applied the methods of next generation sequencing to study three lysosomal disorders (mukopolysacharidosis type II, MPS II; Danon disease, DD; Fabry disease, FD). Two methodological approaches have been used: 1) panel sequencing with hybridization probes for identification of single nucleotide variants, small deletions/duplications and structure variants (CNVs) 2) amplicon sequencing for analysis of somatic mosaicism and allele specific expression. The panel sequencing enabled us to confirm the molecular-genetic basis of DD in two patients with the identification of two exons duplication and five exons deletion in LAMP2, respectively. The somatic mosaicism was being analyzed by the amplicon sequencing in families with DD, MPS II. We could identify the first case of somatic mosaicism in a patient with DD. The allele specific expression has enlarged the group of methods used in X-inactivation analysis. Its impact has been proved particularly in minimizing misinterpretation of XCI...
|
|
Molecular genetic analysis in Niemann-Pick type C disease
Marešová, Ivona ; Dvořáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Hřebíček, Martin (referee)
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare, severe disease with autosomal recessive inheritance. Disease is caused by pathogenic mutations located in genes NPC1/NPC2. These genes encode lysosomal non enzymatic NPC1/NPC2 proteins that are part of lipid transport. As a result of malfunction of these proteins intracellular accumulation of lipids occurs, in particular free cholesterol and glycolipids. Causal therapy is currently still unsatisfactory therefore new therapies are evolved. However these therapies depend on whether the patient cells contain at least residual amount of transcript NPC1 gene. In a group of patiens, for which a fibroblast culture was available, I analyzed the effect of pathogenic mutations on the expression level of the transcript. Results showed that for all pathogenic mutations transcript level is low, but detectable. Moreover, I characterized the structure of the NPC1 gene promoter. By sequence analysis I found polymorphisms rs8099071, rs28403610, rs2981422, rs1652354, rs1788774, rs1788772 in promoter. On the basis of the composition of polymorphisms in individual patiens, I estimate six different haplotypes. I performed mutation analysis in DNA of recently diagnosed patient. I found only one pathogenic mutation p.I1061T (c.3182T> C) in the NPC1 gene. Therefore I tested...
|
|
Thermal analysis of onteraction of epidermal lipids III
Dvořáková, Lenka ; Musilová, Marie (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee)
Thermal analysis of interaction of epidermal lipids III Lenka Dvořáková, diploma paper, June 2008 Abstract The skin is the organ protecting the human body from unwanted influences from the environment. Physical chemical properties, structure and ordering of the epidermal lipids, mainly in the stratum corneum, play a key role in the barrier function of the skin. The major lipids are ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids in this layer. We are used the samples mimic such the most frequently referred composition of the epidermal lipids, contained pseudo-ceramid, oleic acid, cholesterol and cholesterol sulfate. Because the samples with oleic acids can at the higher temperatures influence the behavior of the particular constituents of the mixture, we are also performed the evaluation of the contained simpler samples which compound cholesterol and pseudo-ceramid. We are tried hydrated the mixtures at in vitro environment by various routes. And we are observed their characteristics and interactions by means of the differential scanning calorimetry. We are also deal with the evaluation of the particular raw materials and the double-barrelled mixtures. We are verified and in detail elaborated the operating sequences which are not completely unambiguously referred in the literature by means of these studies.
|
| |
|
The Quality of the Dietary Suplements with Content Skullcap
Dvořáková, Lenka ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Name of the work: The quality of the dietary suplements with content skullcap Author: Lenka Dvořáková The work was targered on the determination of main flavonoids from skullcap and most often incident flavonoids in the other herbs, which have been by part of polykomponents dietary supmements analyzed in this work. Three extracts from each preparation were prepared under different conditions. The highest amount of flavonoids was achieved in most of cases by extraction in ultrasonic bath and for using lower temperature. These extracts were prepared from capsulae durae. By contraries by extract prepared from capsulae moles, were measured levels (values) higher by extract prepared by using of water bath. Between companies were large differences in measured values and so informations featured on covers were too differently large.
|
| |
|
Heat shock proteins - - their role in diagnosis and prognosis of pregnancy related complications
Dvořáková, Lenka ; Hromadníková, Ilona (advisor) ; Růžičková, Šárka (referee)
Heat shock proteins increase their gene expression after exposure of cells or organisms to some forms of stress, which may be high temperature, infection, inflammation, hypoxia, lack of nutrients and water. Stressful situations for the body are also pregnancy-related complications associated with placental insufficiency - preeclampsia and IUGR, as well as other pregnancy-related complications such as fetal growth restriction and gestational hypertension. Therefore, I examined whether the occurrence of pregnancy-related complications (preeclampsia, fetal growth retardation, gestational hypertension) affect the gene expression of heat shock proteins. Five hsp systems was detected, namely Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90 and HspBP1 in placental tissue samples and whole maternal peripheral blood. Samples came from women with physiological pregnancy and from women with certain pregnancy-related complications (PE, FGR, GH). RNA was isolated from the samples. Detection of hsp expression was performed by using real-time RT-PCR and the comparative Ct method. Changes in gene expression between the test samples and reference sample were examined. To assess the difference between physiological pregnancies and pregnancies with selected pregnancy- related complications, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used....
|
|
Character of the professionalisation of NGOs and its impact.
Dvořáková, Lenka ; Frič, Pavol (advisor) ; Háva, Petr (referee)
The theme of this thesis is the professionalization of NGOs, which can be defined as the transformation to a formal organization with professional management. The process of professionalization consist in job creations and/or the professional management. Jobs can be filled by professionals with volunteer experience or by professionals without volunteer experience. If NGO employs professionals with volunteer experience, the character of personnel professionalization is organic, otherwise is inorganic. The main objective of this thesis is to determine the difference in process, level and consequences of organic and inorganic professionalization of nonprofit organizations. The presumption is that the organic professionalization implies less negative impact on the nonprofit organization than inorganic professionalization. In the theoretical part terms like nonprofit sector, NGOs and professionalization are defined and the theoretical background related to the character of personnel professionalization is presented there. In the empirical part - based on the methodology - is the relationship between the character of personnel professionalization and the process, level and consequences of professionalization in two researched NGOs examined.
|
| |
|
Study of the function of the hybrid proline-rich protein family
Dvořáková, Lenka ; Fischer, Lukáš (advisor) ; Vágner, Martin (referee) ; Havel, Ladislav (referee)
Lenka Dvořáková SUI'^,ÍARYoF TřE PH.D. TFDSIS 4. CONCLUSIONS Ancestral HyPRP evolved probably from a lipid transfer protein (LTP) relative that had acquired a sequence encoding a long proline-rich N-terminal domain. The origin of HyPRPs may be one of the evolutionary innovationsof seedplants. Specific sequence is not probably important for formation of the functional 8 CM domain of HyPRPs with exception of eight conserved cysteine residues.which stabilize the tertiary structureof the domain. HyPRPs with long proline-rich N-terminal domains are relatively well-conserved and probably evolutionary more original. Proteins with aýpical N-terminal domains (very short. glycine-rich) evolved apparently relatively recently and independentlyin differentplant speciespossibly by means of shortening, loss or re€uTangements of the ancestral longer proline-rich domains. Glycine-rich domains could originate from proline-rich ones by way of inversion in the coding sequence.This mechanismcould have greatimpact in evolution of cell wall proteins in general, becausethey are often rich eitherin prolineor glycine. N-terminal domains of angiosperm C-type HyPRPs remained relatively well conserved (long and hydrophobic), while the rest of angiosperm HyPRPs has been undergoing rapid and continuous diversification. However, in the...
|