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Healthy lifestyle parameters assessment in patients with type 2 diabetes mallitus and fatty liver
Halámková, Veronika ; Dvořák, Karel (advisor) ; Šmíd, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis assessed several parameters of healthy lifestyle and potential liver steatosis presence in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. In the first part there are descriptions of liver, pancreas, diabetes mellitus type 2, metabolic syndrome, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Further there is a characterisation of Mediterranean diet with its main features and health effects. Practical part is dealing with a questionnaire survey in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 referred to abdominal ultrasound examination. There were 19 questions focused on healthy lifestyle (consummation of vegetables, fruits, fish, use of olive oil, drinking tea or coffee, eating of sweets, and drinking of alcohol) and questions assessing knowledge of the Mediterranean diet, physical activity, duration of diabetes, family history of diseases of affluence and hepatoprotective medication use. Age, gender and basic anthropometric data and result of sonographic examination for presence of liver steatosis were recorded. A total of 92 patients (71 men / 21 women) average age 65 years. Liver steatosis was diagnosed in 88% of patients. Knowledge of the Mediterranean diet was low (20% of respondents). Healthy lifestyle adherence was according to provided answers also unsatisfactory, despite the fact,...
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Abstinence among young adults
Dočkalová, Barbora
Based on current research and yearly reports of consumption of addictive substances where the Czech Republic repeatedly ends up at the top of the rankings while also having fewer people who abstain from addictive substances in comparison to European standards, we've decided to understand more about the experience of people who abstain. So far the research wasn't too focused on the people who abstain from addictive substances therefore the aim of this work is to get a holistic perspective of their lives. A group of young adults who have been abstaining from addictive substances for some time and therefore can reflect on their experiences have been selected as participants in the study. Fifteen different experiences with abstinence have been collected through semi-structured interviews. The first phase of data analysis (Analysis I) reviews and compares the responses, and in the second phase (Analysis II) we've worked with the central category that is common among the interviews. Psychological resilience has been established as a strong common basis among all respondents which represents a supportive factor against conformity to a society that has different patterns of consumption of addictive substances than respondents. In the final section of the thesis, we've suggested a dynamic model of factors...
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Possibilities of primary prevention of colorectal cancer in terms of nutrition
Stárková, Klára ; Holcátová, Ivana (advisor) ; Kudlová, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis is devoted to the possibilities of primary prevention of colorectal cancer from the point of view of nutrition. Although the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer have been decreasing in the Czech Republic in recent years, it is still one of the most common cancers. It is a cancer, the occurrence of which can be influenced up to 50 % by a healthy lifestyle. The theoretical part is devoted to the latest findings in the field of influencing factors, although some have not yet been sufficiently explored. Processed meat, frequent modification of the diet by grilling, frying or baking (especially red meat and processed meat), overweight and obesity, regular alcohol consumption and smoking are identified as proven carcinogens. On the contrary, the protective factors are sufficient dietary fibre intake, sufficient physical activity and probably sufficient consumption of fish, milk and milk products, fruits and vegetables. In the practical part, two groups were examined - people aged 18-50 and patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Both groups were asked about eating habits, lifestyle factors and information about the possibilities of primary prevention of colorectal cancer. The assumption was that people aged 18-50 eat less risky and are better informed than patients...
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Healthy lifestyle of children in an athletic hobby group
Mundil, Petr ; Hanková, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Kočí, Jana (referee)
The target of the bachelor's thesis is to find out the way of life of children who attend the athletics hobby club and to compare their daily routine with generally valid recommendations that should be followed if we want to live a healthy and quality life. Finally, after evaluating the results of the case study, propose appropriate adjustments and changes leading to an increase in the quality of life or an improvement in sports performance. The theoretical part is dedicated to clarifying a healthy lifestyle and defines generally valid recommendations that a person should follow if they want to live a healthy lifestyle. Furthermore, the theoretical part is devoted to the topic of educating children about health in schools, comparing the way of life in history and today. The practical part takes over knowledge from the theoretical part and, using a case study, finds out how children live in an athletics hobby club. The results of the analysis are then compared with generally valid recommendations. The children are then given recommendations for improvement based on the results of the analysis during the interview. KEYWORDS Free time, athletics, hobby group, healthy lifestyle, sport and movement, older school age
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Knowledge about healthy food and eating habits of teachers in selected schools
Jarošová, Karolína ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (referee)
The diploma thesis "Knowledge about healthy food and eating habits of teachers in the selected schools" aimed to find out the nutritional knowledge of teachers at selected primary and secondary schools and also find out how much do they follow the basic principles of healthy nutritions during their working days. The research for my diploma thesis was carried out using a questionnaire survey, in which two hundred and forty one teachers of selected primary and secondary schools participated. .All the schools that I selected for the questionnaire survey are located in Kladno, the most populous city in the Central Bohemian region. The questionnaire survey was devided into three parts - to identify the teachers, their knowledge and their eating habbits. The results of the research were good - the overall success rate of all respondents was 63.3%. Primary school teachers fared slightly better than secondary school teachers. According to predetermined criteria, teachers pay attention to the principles of a healthy diet only exceptionally. Secondary school teachers fared significantly better in this section. The last question dealt with teachers' needs. It would help the teachers the most to extend the break so that the teachers have more time to have a snack or replenish fluids. They also showed an...
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Nursing care of a patient with cardiometabolic syndrome
TUROŇOVÁ, Irena
Current status: Civilization diseases such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus have been known for a long period of time The aim of this thesis was to chart the awareness of patients and nurses in the field of cardiometabolic syndrome and at the same time find out how general nurse educates about it. Methodology: In this thesis there was used a quantitative research method in form of structured questionnaires. The questionnaires were formed for patients diagnosed with a cardiometabolic syndrome and for general nurses in general practiticioners´ offices and in inpatient wards. A total amount of 327 respondents included 220 patients and 107 general and practical nurses. The research took place in two hospitals in the Vysočina county and in several general practitioners´ offices. The selection of the research set was intentional. The size of the file was determined by data saturation. Results: We found that only 83 % of nurses educate in the inpatient ward, while in the general practitioner's office every nurse, so 100 %. Next what we found was that the length of practice has no effect on the general nurse's education in the general practitioner's office or in the inpatient department. The chi-square test confirmed it for us, the result of which was 61 %. It was investigated that the knowledge of risk factors for the disease cardiometabolic syndrome affects the length of the treatment. Again, we verified this thesis with the chi-square test, where the significance level was too low (p < 0,05) and the result was 0,20 %. Another finding was that the age of the patients has no affects on the knowledge of the risk factors of cardiometabolic syndrome, which is evidenced by the result of 16 % in the chi-square test. Conclusion: In conclusion it can be said that awareness among patients and non-medical health workers in the field of cardiometabolic syndrome is favourable but it is still necessary to educate them. The output of this thesis is the information material called "Education of a patient with cardiometabolic syndrome " which is determined for non-medical health workers who educate patients.
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Modern Addictions
NÝDLOVÁ, Leona
This thesis addresses the issue of mobile phone use and abuse in the context of healthy living. The theoretical part works with the concept of smartphone addiction, nomophobia. It describes the risks of mobile phone overuse and the effects on health and healthy functioning that overuse can cause. It characterises the most common non- substance addictions that the mobile phone as a tool helps to develop. Addresses the ethics of the online space. Discusses prevention options from the non-profit sector and from governmental institutions. The practical part is devoted to the problem of mobile phone abuse in the adult population in České Budějovice. It divides respondents according to their socio-demographic characteristics and looks for factors that may be related to addiction in this region.
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The lifestyle of fitness-minded people - a case study
ROHLÍČKOVÁ, Daniela
The bachelor's thesis is focused on a healthy lifestyle, specifically for people who have chosen the focus of fitness as their life belief. A healthy lifestyle has a positive effect on our physical and mental health, and it has recently become very popular, especially due to being frequently propagated on social networks. The theoretical part deals with basic concepts inextricably linked to lifestyle, but also with it's negative effects on our health, which can be various forms of addiction such as alcohol, drugs or doping with its dark side. The practical part focuses on qualitative research in the form of an interview with a man and a woman and compares their physical and psychological state. The main goal of this work is to find out what effect a fitness lifestyle has on the life of women and men of productive age, which I am trying to achieve with the interview I mentioned.
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Analysing Factors of Physical Activity Across Different European Countries
Tučková, Iveta ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Šedivý, Marek (referee)
Sufficient physical activity is one of the most important factors for maintain our overall health. The positive effects of physical activity are reduced risk of heart disease or stroke, hypertension, type II diabetes and some types of cancer. Being physically active also improves our mood and reduce anxieties. Therefore, it is important to understand, what effects the level of physical activity of population. That is the aim of this study. The study describes the determinants of physical activity various five European countries, using the data from INHERIT survey. The analysis focuses on censored data and is conducted with sample selection Heckman Two-step estimator model, addressing separately the factors of deciding whether or not participate in an activity and performing the activity. The differences between determinants for three types for physical activities are examined.
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Support of the patients indicated for coronary artery bypass graft surgery
KALVASOVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor thesis deals with the support of patients indicated for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and their satisfaction with it. Psychological support of patients played an important role in preventing complications and therefore it was important to focus on the patient as a holistic human being. The objective of this bachelor thesis was to find out the method of patient education; to map the knowledge of healthy lifestyle, non-adherence to which led to indication of coronary artery bypass graft surgery; and to find out the level of mental support of patients indicated for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative investigation method was used, where data was further collected through semi-structured interviews with patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A total of 10 patients were interviewed just after this procedure. The result of the research investigation which indicated that patients had not enough information regarding a healthy lifestyle, non-adherence to which led to the indication of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Another shortcoming resulting from our research was the fact that patients had not have enough psychological support before the procedure, despite the fact that it was so important for physical health. However, the patient education by medical staff was satisfactory in our research. The research showed that the staff provided sufficient and good quality education in verbal as well as demonstrative form. The information booklet for patients undergoing cardiac surgery, which they all received before the procedure, was very positively evaluated by the patients as part of the education. According to the results, it was recommended that it would be appropriate to appeal to the necessity and need to offer psychological support to patients during their hospitalization as part of staff training.
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