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Understanding of Majority Language and Romani language among preschool population
Pokorná, Zuzana ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor) ; Burešová, Karolína (referee)
This thesis is devoted to the issue of understanding Romani and the majority languages by Romani preschoolers in order to consider the possibility of introducing Romani language in schools. Also it analyses the influence of using Romani language on the ability to perform age-appropriate tasks by Roma preschoolers. The work is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part presents a summary of the relevant works on school failure of Romani children with an emphasis on their language handicap. We also pay attention to the theory of language shift, language code, and subtractive bilingualism. In the second, empirical part a primary research is carried out examining the degree of understanding Romani and majority languages in three locations in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. As a methodology, a mixed research design was chosen. It was divided into two phases. During the first phase a field research was conducted, followed by quantitative evaluation of tasks performed by the Romani preschoolers in the second phase. Research has shown, that there are different linguistic situations in the surveyed locations and therefore no generic measure can be introduced. At the same time the outcomes rejected the presumption that children who speak Romani better than the majority language will be more successful in...
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Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure of eight years old children
Caltová, Eliška ; Soukupová, Tereza (advisor) ; Goldmann, Petr (referee)
The thesis is focused on the use of the test Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure at eight years old children. The theoretical part contains a description of the development of cognitive functions. Further presentation of Rey-Osterrieth and Taylor Complex Figures, the possibility of administration, scoring and interpretation. A significant part presents Developmental Scoring System (DSS - ROCF). Empirical part introduces new tentative standards for children aged eight years, comparison of Rey-Osterrieth and Taylor complex figure, analysis of each phase of the test and elements, and comparison of Osterrieth's scoring system with Developmental Scoring System (DSS - ROCF). Our study revealed the following findings. Flynn effect has not been demonstrated in the Rey- Osterrieth complex figure, while the opposite trend was observed. There were found significant differences between Rey-Osterrieth and Taylor Complex Figures at eight years old children in recall trial, in copy trial can be both figures regarded as equivalent. Analysis of the various phases of the test gives guide for interpretation. A comparison of the two approaches provides an overview of the Development scoring system (DSS - ROCF). KEY WORDS Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure, Taylor Complex Figure, Flynn effect, Developmental Scoring Systém for the...
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Developing scientific literacy in pre-primary education through environmental themes
Štáhlová, Kateřina ; Janoušková, Svatava (advisor) ; Pumpr, Václav (referee)
1 Abstract Thesis Woods as an educational space? examines using quantitative methods the differences between children in ordinary kindergartens and forest kindergartens, and it does so according to formation of individual components of scientific literacy or knowledge of selected terms (concepts) in its empirical part. For this purpose it creates evaluation model of scientific literacy of preschool children (didactic test) based on the example of processing a particular topic - Forest. The topic is set into the concept of pedagogy, developmental psychology, and social ecology. The theoretical part discusses the issue of scientific literacy, especially in the context of preprimary age. From the perspective of developmental psychology are furthemore described cognitive developmental characteristics of preschool age in their basic level. This part also focuses on strategic documents of (permanent) sustainable development. The thesis gives a first interesting insight into the problem and reveals a serious facts such as that children from ordinary kindergartens confuse natural objects under artificial objects also are less oriented in inanimate components, than the children of the forest kindergartens. Keywords: Scientific Literacy, Pre-Primary Education, Sustainable Development, Forest Kindergarten, Framework...
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Support of child cognitive development in home and school environment with focus on mnemonics
Kytka, Igor ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Stehlík, Luděk (referee)
This thesis entitled Support of child cognitive development in home and school environment with focus on mnemonics outlines the theories of the cognitive development of preschool and school age. Also includes a summary of characteristics of these age periods. This thesis also includes the presentation of selected approaches to cognitive development, such as conceptual learning, or Learning Power, both from a theoretical as well as practical perspective. The practical part of this work is based on the application of training Loci technique and determining their impact on improving cognitive functions in children at primary school, aged 6-12 years. Keywords: cognitive development, cognitive functions, mnemonics, programs for enhancing cognitive functions, preschool age, school age, education, learning
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Communicative skills and disturbed communications ability of children before initiation of school attendance
Konkusová, Markéta ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Durdilová, Lucie (referee)
TITLE: Communicative skills and disturbed communications ability of children before initiation of school attendance. AUTHOR: Markéta Konkusová DEPARTMENT: Department of Special Education SUPERVISOR: doc. PeadDr, Jiřina Klenková, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The thesis analyzes the communication ability and communication disorder of children at the preschool age. Basic concepts relating to communication and as well as to processed individual categories of communication disorder skills of children before entering the elementary school are defined in the theoretical part of the work. Further the development of a child under the age of six years based on the study of professional sources is outlined including its psychomotor, cognitive and speech development. The final theoretical part is focused on both the possibilities of intervention in case of children suffering from communication disorders and at the speech therapy system for these children before entering the elementary school. In the practical part, which is aimed at parents of the preschool age children and their kindergarten teachers, the occurrence of disorders in this child category is specified. The parents' awareness of these problems and their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the speech therapy care for their children is also investigated as well as the...
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The importance of language consistency for literacy development
Trojanová, Mariana ; Seidlová Málková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Richterová, Eva (referee)
This bachelor thesis is a theoretical work discussing the extent of the impact of orthographic depth (consistency) on acquiring early literacy in alphabetic writing systems from the point of view of current psycholinguistics. Alphabetic writing systems vary in the regularity and consistency of their correspondences between graphemes and phonemes, which impacts the development of early reading and writing skills. The goal of this paper is to clarify whether the cognitive development underlying reading and writing skills has the same origin in languages with deep and shallow orthography or if it is of a different nature in the two. The impact of orthographic depth is examined on the level of (1) developmental dyslexia, (2) the rate of development of early literacy skills and (3) the predictors of the early literacy. Throughout research studies it is shown that the orthographical consistency has most impact on the rate and extend of obstacles which are faced by the young reader/writer while acquiring early reading and writing skills. However, the cognitive development underlying the early literacy skills and the predictors of future success in reading has the same origin in all alphabetic writing systems. Keywords: orthographic depth, alphabetic principle, psycholinguistic approach, predictors of...
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The Support of Cognitive Skills Development of the Clients of the Social Services in the metropolis
PEJŠOVÁ, Martina
This final thesis is focused on analysing the support of cognitive development of the clients of a social services centre through its activities which are aimed at a concrete target group senior citizens. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether the senior citizens' cognitive skills are developed through these activities or whether these activities have other meanings for the clients. Another aim is to find out whether the criteria concerning development of cognitive skills, the way they were defined by Reuven Feuerstein, are fulfilled. Another part of the thesis is also a description of the activities held by the social services centre so that a reader could understand the results better.
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Does a "pub culture" of young adulthood have an influence to religiosity?
ODEHNALOVÁ, Barbora
This thesis deals with the question whether young people find religiosity while attending pubs. More precisely, whether some sort of religious activity happens and can be observed during the time spent in pubs. The theoretical part contains known information and facts by authors who deal with related topics, which is acts of religiosity in the society, characteristics of young adulthood, as well as definition of culture and subculture throughout history and nowadays, lastly what a pub culture looks like throughout history and nowadays. The practical part of the thesis is dedicated to a qualitative research based on a half-structured interview. Further it contains characteristics of the interviewees, an analysis and an interpretation of the data acquired. All this is confronted with the theoretical information from the first part of the thesis.
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Cognitive - Psychological approaches to solving problems and their teaching apprehension
MAŠKOVÁ, Šárka
The work deals with the cognitive - psychological approaches to problem solving and proposal of methodologies of use these approaches to solve problems in preschool children. The theoretical part introduces with cognitive - psychological approaches to solving problems, in particular with the approach to solving search problems using the same analogies. Further the work presents the theory of cognitive development of preschool children with a tendency toward one of them, the use of knowledge in Framework Education Programme early childhood education and with development of competencies to problem solving in preschool children. The practical part of the proposes a methodology of the development of competencies to solve the problem by searching analogies among preschool children.
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Drawing of children of basic school in depend on a type of education.
TUPÁ, Adéla
This thesis focuses on drawing expression levels compared two groups of children younger school age, with the first group is an elementary school education at the school and the other practical. The theoretical part provides general information on the development of younger school age. It focuses on the development of drawing display in connection with the development of intellectual assumptions. The practical section provides the results of research of children's drawings which are assessed in relation to the developmental level of children.
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