National Repository of Grey Literature 28 records found  previous11 - 20next  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Upbringing children in problematic family - single parent family
TRNKOVÁ, Julie
This thesis deals with children´s education in problematic families directly, in family with one parent. The theoretical part is going to be taken as insight into given theme with identification of possible problems. Thesis will describe specifications of complete and incomplete families and then will focus on differences in educational styles or stances of complete and incomplete families. Afterwards it will point out different educational stances in cases if the parent is mother, or father. As default, the basic information about the family itself, it´s structure and it´s evolvement nowadays, are necessary. As well demarcation and definition of basic facts in context with theme of bachelor thesis are important. In the practical part it will be looked into these families, using combined research method. Also educational effect and influence of missing parent, or newly entering partner into the family will be analysed.
Feeding strategies in geotrupids (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae)
Sommer, David ; Král, David (advisor) ; Vondráček, Dominik (referee)
The work summarizes the biology (life histories) of the family Geotrupidae. Historical findings are confronted with current knowledge. The study is focused mainly on food strategies within the family Geotrupidae, their evolutionary origin, differences across taxa within the family and the existence of certain trends within different taxa and family as a whole. The nutritional strategies of adults and larvae are compared, as well as the conditions that can lead to a changesin feedings strategies. The general section parts are devoted to taxonomy and phylogeny of the subfamilies within the family Geotrupidae, adult morphology and larvae and their geographical distribution. In the section part dedicated to the biology of individual subfamily, in addition to the feeding strategies, the biotopes of individual taxa, the presence or absence of parental care, and the knowledge of nesting behavior of beetles are listed. The primary nutritional strategy of the family is coprophagy, but the change in food strategies has occurred in this family several times independently. No trend within the family was traced. Changing the feeding strategy from cognition to phytophagy occurred only once in evolution, and in adults of the subfamily Lethrinae. Both obligatory and facultative saprophagies have evolved in the...
The role of individual traits in the Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) females on breeding performance, mating status and male incubation effort
Sládeček, Martin ; Šálek, Miroslav (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
Feather ornaments and its role as a signals in sexual selection has been broadly studied topic in avian biology. However, vast majority of studies focus especially on role of male ornamentation and female preferences in sexual selection. Despite this fact, recent work shows, that similar palette of adaptive functions can be found for female feather ornaments, and male preferences for them, respectively. This study focuses on possible importance of female melanin-based ornaments and other individual on breeding performance in the Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), common polygynous wader breeding in agricultural landscape. No significant predictor of female investment to egg size was found. Long winged females with bigger proportion of secondaries changed during prenuptial moulting and bigger extent of melanin ornaments tended, surprisingly, to later timing of breeding. Contrary to this trend, extent of female ornamentation seems to be sexually selected trait by males. Analysis of male incubation behavior shows, that males incubate more in nests of more ornamented females, as well as in nests in later incubation stage. These findings seems to be in a good agreement with "Differential allocation hypothesis". On the other site, no effect of clutch egg sizes and timing of breeding was found....
Social monogamy and parental care in bees of the genus Ceratina
Mikát, Michael ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Bryja, Josef (referee)
Parental care is one of the most successful strategies for providing offspring survival. There are differences in type of care between taxa. There are biparental care, maternal care, paternal care and alloparental care. Bees of the genus Ceratina are suitable model taxon for study of parental care evolution. There is a long time known maternal care and eusociality, in this genus. A species of the genus Ceratina, which has biparental care, is introduced in this thesis. Field experiments were performed from 2011 to 2013 in Podyjí National Park, especially in locality Havraníky heath. Four model species, which are occurring in the Czech Republic, were selected: C. chalybea, C. cucurbitina, C. cyanea and C. nigrolabiata. Artificial nesting opportunities were installed to the field site. Relationship between individuals in nests of C. nigrolabiata was examined by newly developed microsatellite loci. All studied species are solitary in nesting behavior. Their nest structure and nesting phenology is described. Guarding of full brood nest to adulthood of offspring is characteristic behavioral trait for Ceratina bees. This guarding is essential for offspring survival. Experimental nests with removed mother often failed by ant predation, parasitation by chalcid wasp and nest usurpation by other individuals of the...
Motherhood of Women with Heavy Visual Disability
Viktorová, Šárka ; Mužáková, Monika (advisor) ; Květoňová, Lea (referee)
In my work, I deal with motherhood from the perspective of mothers with severe visual impairment. I focused especially on parenthood planning, on the period of pregnancy, childbirth and stay in the maternity ward and on the care for the child from birth to the age of three. I was interested to find out, whether visually impaired mothers encounter prejudices on part of the well-sighted people, whether they were worried that they could give birth to a handicapped child, what are the difficulties that severely visually impaired mothers come across most often in the individual period of development of the child, if and how education of children is different from the perspective of visually impaired parents from the perspective of well-sighted parents and also whether the child growing up in a family with at least one visually impaired parent is deprived of something or whether, on the contrary, this family situation has any advantages for such child. The objective of my diploma thesis is to map out various aspects of life of visually impaired mothers with small children in the greatest detail, directly from the point of view of those women. I attempted to achieve this objective by means of a qualitative method research, in particular in the form of a structured interview with six visually impaired mothers.
Maternal care in the burrowing bugs (Insecta: Heteroptera: Cydnidae) - an example of increase of progeny fitness in the insects
Kazda, Vojtěch ; Vilímová, Jitka (advisor) ; Raška, Jan (referee)
This study is engaged in subsocial insect order of true bugs (Heteroptera) from the family Cydnidae, taxon Pentatomomorpha. True bugs of the family Cydnidae exhibit interesting parental behavior complex, which is composed of egg clutch and nymphs defense against predators, production of trophic eggs and food provisioning. This behavior could be an evidence of hypothesis that energetically demanding parental care is in the taxon Pentatomorpha an ancestral character which was replaced in the evolution by less expensive offspring protection strategies. The study also summarizes current knowledge of the parental care occurrence in the taxon Heteroptera. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
Shield Bugs (Acanthosomatidae) as a Model Animals for the Demonstration of Various Reproductive Behaviour
Jiskrová, Martina ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis deals with parental care of invertebrates. I focus on its types, forms and examples of species in which it occurs. I worked out in more detail the care of the offspring of true bugs (Heteroptera) family Acanthosomatidae and focused on the observation, collection and study of a particular kind Elasmucha grisea in insectarium and nature.
Motherhood and culture
Součková, Zdenka ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee)
The subject of the bachelor's thesis is a theoretical analysis of a maternal behavior. It will rely mainly on a culturological model of an interpretation of a culture on three structural levels (the level of the genus Homo, the level of socio-cultural systems in time and space and the level of an individual). In the first part it focuses on the maternal behavior from an evolutionary perspective, in which the author uses mainly the knowledge and concepts of primatology, evolutionary psychology, comparative psychology and ethology. The goal is to describe the basic principles that are involved in shaping the maternal behavior, especially in humans. The second part works with the knowledge from the field of psychology. The subject is a historical excursion of interest in early mental development of a child in psychology, which significantly influenced the subsequent interest in the child in social and cultural anthropology. The third and final part analyzes motherhood in an intercultural perspective. The author relies on the knowledge from the field of social and cultural anthropology, where she works with both classical works and contemporary studies that deal with this issue.

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