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Formation of new identity and symbols of the Czech society in 1989-1993 (Analysis in terms of the concept of civil religion)
Novotný, Josef ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lupták Burzová, Petra (referee)
The thesis tries to prove applicability of the concept "civil religion" to the Czech society. After presentation of the concept of civil religion originating from R. Bellah, civil society and legitimization (grounded in the ideas of J. Přibáň) the addresses of president V. Havel and the articles from the selected newspapers of that period are analysed. In 1989-1993 as the transformative and crisis period one can observe the debate about the necessity of creating a civil society, finding a way of legitimizing the new condition and creating a new collective identity. Focusing on the individual and the citizenship following from the analysed articles constitutes the societal fundaments; and in these fundaments, thanks to "civil religion", there are recognized the transcendent component and the universality that both convey unifying potential and can be presented in a particular form through myths.
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Dying and death from the perspective of a close family and a medic
Niedzielová, Helena ; Votroubková, Michaela (advisor) ; Kutnohorská, Jana (referee)
5.1. Annotation Author: Helena Niedzielová, DiS. Institution: Institute of social medicine, CHARLES UNIVERSITY MEDICAL FACULTY in Hradec Kralove, Department of nursing The name of the work: Dying and death from the perspective of close family and the health care professional Professional supervisor: Mgr. Michaela Votroubková The number of pages: 251 The number of attachments: 10 Year of the defence: 2014 The thesis deals with the issue, which is associated with the process of dying, and that his perception through the eyes of the main stakeholders - patients and their relatives, healthcare- -the doctors and medical staff. My job, the desire and the objective in quantitative and qualitative research was to find out how they perceive the dying and death not only patients and their relatives, as well as the nursing staff headed by the sisters and doctors. What options to limit the people in this situation in the Czech Republic have the looks of the support of the State or voluntary workers in different organizations or associations. Whatever the background to work with people in their last stage of life, at any level, the most important factor was, is and will remain the human factor, because the sebelepšími AIDS, services on the phone, or scientific knowledge in medicine or in a different scope, does not...
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Kotas of Blue Mountains: Myths and Legends
Bendíková, Soňa ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Oberfalzerová, Alena (referee) ; Filipský, Jan (referee)
Soňa Bendíková:Soňa Bendíková:Soňa Bendíková:Soňa Bendíková: Kotas of Blue Mountains: Myths and LegendsKotas of Blue Mountains: Myths and LegendsKotas of Blue Mountains: Myths and LegendsKotas of Blue Mountains: Myths and Legends AbstractAbstractAbstractAbstract The dissertation The Kotas from the Blue Mountains: Myths and Legends deals with the tradition of the Kota tribe living in the Nilgiri mountain range in southern India. The work discusses the oral tradition of the tribe on the background of the regional development in the last two centuries. The Kotas used to live symbiotically with a few other local tribes with whom they developed a unique system of barter trade and services. The microregion remained isolated until new settlers started to arrive from the valley (in the beginning of 19th century). The arrival of the people from the valley and of the English people in the course of the last two hundred years caused a significant change of all aspects of life in the Blue Mountains: economic, social, cultural and ecological. This work has two aims: (i) to interpret the results of my fieldwork and to analyze the recordings of the remnants of the oral heritage of the tribe with approximately 2,000 members, and to do it on the background of the changes in the area; and (ii) to determine whether and how...
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Mýtus hebrejského moře: jeden s aspektů sionismu Zeeva Žabotinského
Coman, Adam ; Marková, Alena (advisor) ; Barša, Pavel (referee) ; Wein, Martin (referee)
The following dissertation studies the idea and mythologization of the "Hebrew Sea" in the writings and political activity of Vladimir (Ze'ev) Jabotinsky. Jabotinsky (1880-1940), the leader of the Zionist Revisionist movement, developed the concept of the "Hebrew Sea" as an ideal that was used in various fields of his Zionist activity. Within inter-Zionist politics it was utilized as a means of competing with the dominant ideological faction, labor Zionism, over contribution to the national revival and Zionist youth, and its greatest achievement was the establishment of the Civitavecchia Naval Academy in Italy. On the international-diplomatic level the "Hebrew Sea" was used in order to advance closer political relations between Revisionism and Italy - an endeavor Jabotinsky was interested in from an early stage of his Zionist career. The "Hebrew Sea" also played an important role in the development of Jabotinsky's unique ideal of national identity, which sought to depict the Jewish people as a Mediterranean, and not a desert or Middle Eastern people. This vision drew from contemporary theories about Hebrew identity, which associated the Hebrews with the Phoenician empire and not necessarily with Jewish monotheism. Finally, economically this ideal supported the socioeconomic vision of Revisionism,...
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A Critical Semiotic Study of Finnish, Latvian and Czech Myths
Pintāne, Inese ; Švantner, Martin (advisor) ; Váša, Ondřej (referee)
This Master's thesis invites its readers into the realm of myths where various deities and mythical creatures dwell and spend their days creating the human world and different cultural artefacts. To find out more about this realm and its possible variations, the author of this Master's thesis has chosen to study myths of relatively distinct nations. Since the author is familiar with the local language and customs of Finns, Latvians and Czechs, the author's choice fell on the myths of the given nations. Since everything in the realm of myths is in constant flux, the only way to detect what was considered valuable in it by its inhabitants at some point in time was to pause this process. To do it, the author approached the myths through the method called transvaluation developed by James Jakób Liszka in his book "The Semiotic of Myth: A Critical Study of the Symbol" (1989). Although still not very familiar among folklore scholars, this method enabled the author to view myths as trilevel entities and detect in them various social constructs passed from generation to generation. As the readers will later see, the author was able, by approaching myths from the perspective of transvaluation, to reveal various norms encoded in them. Keywords: Finns, Latvians, Czechs, myths, Liszka, transvaluation,...
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Milk and dairy products and their perception by young adults
Valchová, Jana ; Křížová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Hásková, Aneta (referee)
Early adulthood is a period of peak bone mass formation, which is one of the basics in prevention of osteoporosis onset in older age. Milk and dairy products intake as a source of well-absorbed calcium is still very substantial at this age, as it was in the previous period of adolescence. However, it is also often a time of finding a person's own diet and a time of eliminating certain food groups from the diet, which is often due to succumbuing to widespread myths. Thus, milk is one of the most controversial foods for the public. The aim of the questionnaire research, which was part of the thesis, was to find out, how many young adults believe and succumb to these myths. Questions were asked about eating habits and respondents' views on the health benefits of milk. The survey shows that a significant percentage of them are misinformed by such myths and exclude milk from their diet, often for no reason. Although campaigns to promote milk consumption are still ongoing and have undoubtedly had a positive effect on public perception of the benefits of milk, it is certain that this activity needs to be continued and myths (not only) about milk still need to be debunked. keywords: milk, dairy products, early adulthood, myths, peak bone mass, calcium
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Chemical mistakes in the light of reality - identification and explanation
Fatka, David ; Šmejkal, Petr (advisor) ; Míka, Luděk (referee)
This thesis deals with widespread, chemically-themed misinformation. The the- oretical part describes psychological effects leading to myth spreading. It also descri- bes the debunking possibilities of such myths and the didactic reasons for misinformation- based work on the high school level. General practical part uses methods of content analysis upon random sample of School educational programmes to prove the usability of misinformation-based work in education. It also summarizes the organisations and resources useful for myth debunking. Specific practical part deals with analysis of chosen suspicious information, their credibility and the possibilities of educational work based on them. The chosen in- formation was the "medicinal" usage of chlorine dioxide solution. Rumors of alkaline diet and alleged harmfulness of aspartame, an artificial sweetener, were also chosen. The way they tend to be presented, none of these claims are backed. In all these cases, multiple unsubstantiated claims were found among proponents of these ideas.
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Manifestations and rate of patriotism and fanfare in daily newspapers on the example of the czech and the slovak national hockey team
Moravec, Vít ; Macková, Veronika (advisor) ; Trunečka, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis examines whether Czech and Slovak printed national daily newspapers reveal expressions of patriotism and fanfare in ice-hockey news reports. Sports matches between two nations, which once formed one state, have all the requisites for being more special and prestigious than regular matchups. For this reason, these two events have been selected as suitable for analysis: the final match in the 2000 World Championship between the Czech Republic and Slovakia (5:3) and the 2012 semifinal between the same opponents (1:3). The theoretical part introduces concepts of nation, nationalism, national identity, national symbols, myths, stereotypisation and fanfare. In the empirical part, a discourse analysis is performed for their examination and application on a research sample, which consists of texts from the time of the given matches between the Czech and Slovak national teams. As an assistant method, a quantitative content analysis has been chosen to provide answers to questions concerning the number and location of articles in each country's newspapers. The results of the analysis proved that Czech and Slovak printed daily newspapers frequently reveal expressions of patriotism and fanfare in the period under review, distinctively using the first person of the plural "we" or a tendency...
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The legend of the vampire in the works of 19th century British literature
Hezinová, Jana ; Beran, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Nováková, Soňa (referee)
The figure of the vampire is one of the strongest images in present-day culture. It appears in films books, merchandise, and even has an entire subculture associated with the modern gothic. The process of the development of this figure has a long and complex history that reflects the development of culture and society. The popularity of the use of this figure is partially based on its versatility, adaptability and ability to broach various themes and features that reflect the present day society. This fascination with the vampire trope is also due to the development of this figure from folklore in to literature in the nineteenth century and its subsequent use in the popular works of the time. This thesis attempts to briefly explore the early development of the figure of the vampire in the European context and compare it to its early appearances in literature. Namely, it will focus on the appearance of the vampire in nineteenth century British literature. The thesis of this work will attempt to determine the nature of the vampire in the cultural concepts of the time. It will also follow how the changes in the traditional narratives are reflected and transformed in the concept of the narrative of the "urban Gothic". The formulation of the basic structural background of Victorian society in politics,...
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