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Sacrifice and initiation in the myths of Ódinn
Kozák, Jan ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (referee)
This dissertation deals with the interpretation of four myths from early medieval Scandinavia, in which the main role is played by the god Óðinn. All four myths narrate how he achieved a state of permanent increase of his numinous knowledge. Based on the fact that the outcome of all of the narratives is the acquisition of the Mead of Poetry (or its equivalent), they can be percieved as "four reports on the same event". The analysis of myths itself has been executed in two steps: firstly the separate inquiry of the two more central myths and introduction of the other two followed by thorough analysis of the four together. All four myths demonstrate to a certain degree a presence of motifs and structures associated with the religious phenomena of sacrifice and initiation. By the means of said analysis the study reviews the systematic relations of the sacrificial and initiatory structures and postulates a common core which is subsequently named "monomyth".
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Riddarasǫgur: the Change of the Old Norse Concept of Saga?
Podolská, Markéta ; Starý, Jiří (advisor) ; Březinová, Helena (referee)
Tato práce se zabývá primárními rytířskými ságami, staroseverskými pře- klady evropské rytířské epiky, a jejich vlivem na další žánry ság, sekundární rytířské ságy a pozdní fantastické ságy. Naším cílem bylo zkoumat změny v prezentaci vybraných postav (hrdina, vládce a hrdinova žena) v závislosti na přechodu společnosti od rodové k systému s feudálními rysy. P·vodní staroseverská tradice je v práci zastoupena ságami rodovými. První kapitola popisuje hlavní problémy rozdělení zkoumaných žánr·. Druhá kapitola před- stavuje detailní analýzu formy a obsahu popis· postav v každém z žánr·. Poslední část přidává aspekt změn struktury společnosti, především ve spo- jitosti se snahou Hákona Hákonarsona zavést užší feudální vazby. Tento pře- chod skutečně ovlivnil očekávání publika. Zjistili jsme, že hlavní změna, kte- rou primární rytířské ságy znamenaly v rámci ságové literatury, bylo, že se cíleně pokoušely změnit společenské konvence a praxi. Pozdější žánry si už nenárokovaly morální závaznost. Přejaly sice kvality zavedené překlady ry- tířské epiky, ovšem dodržovaly také tradiční formu popisu postav. Klíčová slova: rytířské ságy, lživé ságy, rodové ságy, staroseverský, dvorský
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Comparison of Old Norse and Proto-Norse Noun Declension
Šimeček, David ; Starý, Jiří (advisor) ; Štajnerová, Petra (referee)
Comparison of Old Norse and Proto-Norse Noun Declension The purpose of this thesis is to follow the development of noun declensions from Proto-Norse to the Old Norse (Old Icelandic) language. The first of the three chapters seeks to give a comprehensive overview of Proto-Norse noun declensions. This overview is based on the evidence of the older runic inscriptions and on reconstruction using relevant linguistic literature. Each of the declensions is presented in the form of a paradigm accompanied by commentary and quotations of preserved grammatical forms. The second and largest chapter presents a survey of Old Norse (Old Icelandic) noun declensions. The survey has two aims. The first aim is to provide a synchronic description of the Old Norse noun declension system which would not be encumbered by an excess of diachronic approach as is often the case in the traditional grammars of Old Norse. At the same time, however, it should show how Old Norse inflectional exponents and classes continue the Proto-Norse declensions as presented in the first chapter. There is also a discussion of some of the systemic causes leading to morphological changes in inflection. The third chapter sums up the previous diachronic analysis and questions the validity of the traditional designations of declension classes based on...
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The language in M. B. Landstad's edition of Norwegian ballads: dialectal and Old Norse features
Korecká, Lucie ; Svevad, Thor (advisor) ; Starý, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the language features in M.B. Landstad's edition of Norwegian medieval ballads that are different from the present-day standard Norwegian, and to determine which of these features correspond to the living Telemark dialect of Landstad's time, and which are vestiges of Old Norse and Old Norwegian. The hypothesis is that the folk poetry that Landstad collected in the Telemark district bears not only features of the local dialect, but also has, due to its bound form (rhythm, rhyme), kept some of the language features from the time of its origin (14th/15th century) up to the time of collection (the middle of 19th century). The thesis concentrates on the analyse of various language features in the field of morphology, sound changes and vocabulary. The analysis and classification of the language features will proceed on the basis of literature about the historical development of Norwegian dialects and by comparison with other texts written in the Telemark dialect and texts written in Old Norse and Old Norwegian.
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