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Prevention of the occurrence and spread of natural fires in the immediate vicinity\nsurface sources of drinking water, including methods for estimating the consequences\npossible occurrence
Beranová, J. ; Čermák, Petr ; Albert, J. ; Cienciala, Emil ; Zatloukal, V. ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Novotný, Jan ; Zeman, Evžen ; Kuráž, M. ; Vizina, Adam ; Trnka, Miroslav
The aim of the methodology is to create a pragmatic procedure for assessing the risks of the occurrence and spread of natural fires\nin the immediate vicinity of surface sources of drinking water. Methods for estimation are proposed in the methodology\nconsequences of the occurrence of natural fires on the quality of surface water, the prognosis of the change in the risk of fires\ndue to climate change and the procedure for determining the risk of secondary pollution of reservoirs due to\nchanges in runoff conditions after a natural fire. On this basis, the methodology designs and diversifies\npreventive and operational measures.
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Selected Ways of Expressing Probability in Spanish and in Catalan
Kolář, Luboš ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
(in English) This bachelor thesis deals with selected ways of expressing probability in Spanish and Catalan. Our aim is to compare both systems and the normativity of the resources in both languages. To achieve this, we employ the parallel corpus InterCorp, in which we carry out the analysis. The analysis revealed certain differences in terms of the use of modal verbs with probabilistic interpretation. The analysis also revealed certain influence of Spanish on Catalan, even within literary texts. Key words: Spanish, Catalan, modality, probability, corpus
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Distribution of regular and irregular participles in Spanish: norm and usage
Tajbl, Tadeáš ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
This thesis focuses on the distribution of the regular and irregular participles of the verbs elegir, freír, imprimir, prender and proveer, and aims to determine whether the theoretical language description given in Nueva gramática de la lengua española corresponds to the actual language usage. The thesis is divided into two parts: a theoretical one and a practical one. The theoretical part presents a classification of participles and covers its grammatical features in terms of morphology, syntax and diachrony (language evolution). Furthermore, the theoretical part explains the methods of research, that is, the corpus analysis, and describes the characteristics of the corpora used. The practical part introduces the process and the results of the corpus data analysis. It examines the occurrences of the regular and irregular participles in the following contexts: (a) Participle in a compound verb form (meaning the perfect verb tenses, the passive voice, and the verbal periphrases); (b) participle with an adjectival function; and (c) participle with a substantive function. The conclusion of each chapter and of the thesis itself summarizes the key findings, generalizes them, and compares them with the "rules" mentioned in Nueva gramática de la lengua española.
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Spanish adverbs in -mente and their Czech equivalents
Hašková, Alena ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this paper is to introduce Spanish adverbs in -mente and different ways of its translation to Czech. These adverbs are very productive in Spanish. The theoretical part of my thesis consists of their general description and definition of the basic terms. It also presents a general typology of Spanish adverbs (in confrontation with the typology of Czech adverbs) and analyses the origin, history, and current use of adverbs in -mente. Special attention is paid to the restriction of formation of these adverbs. The practical part contains three studies. The objective of the first analysis, for which the corpus Araneum Hispanicum Maius is used, is to show the productivity of the adverbs analysed and to verify come claims about their attributes. The other two studies focus on the ways in which adverbs denoting colour are translated from Czech to Spanish and then frequent adverbs in -mente from Spanish to Czech. The InterCorp corpus is used for these two studies.
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Selected verbs of perception in Spanish and their Czech counterparts: a semantic and combinatorial analysis
Junková, Anna ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with selected Spanish verbs of sensory perception and their Czech counterparts. For the purpose of this thesis I have chosen the most commonly used pair of verbs of hearing and seeing. Thus, the work focuses on the verbs escuchar, oír, mirar and ver. The practical part of the work is based on the comparison of the Czech counterparts of the verbs or on the comparison of the occurrence of the particular nouns that are associated with these verbs in the construction: verb of seeing/hearing + definite article + noun. The analyses are based on the hypothesis proceeding from the work of Jorge Fernández Jaén "Verbos de percepción sensorial en español: una clasificación cognitiva". The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the verbs escuchar and mirar evoke intentional action and, conversely, the verbs oír and ver do not express intentional action. I used two language corpora, InterCorp and Araneum Hispanicum Maius, to compare the verbs of hearing and seeing with each other. I chose InterCorp for a simple reason - it is a parallel corpus and therefore it is possible to examine the Czech translations of selected Spanish verbs. The great advantage of the Araneum Hispanicum Maius corpus is the extensive amount of texts that are of a different nature than those contained in the...
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Cognitive Approaches to Verbal Humour with Reference to Spanish
Pazlarová, Magdaléna ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
(in English) This master's thesis's objective is to analyze a few selected examples of Spanish verbal humor and apply two theories explaining their humorous effect during their analysis. The used theories are two. The first is Attardo's theory about humorous metaphors, and the second is Coulson's theory about frame-shifting. Both are explained in detail in the first part of the paper, including other aspects connected to them. The second part of the paper consists of the aforementioned examples of Spanish verbal humor. These authentic examples are analyzed using the theories mentioned previously in the paper, and their humorous mechanism is explained using these methods.
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Interjections in Czech and Spanish with regard to Catalan Language
Žežulková, Jana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse the interjections in Spanish and Czech with regard to Catalan. The thesis consists of two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical one is focused on the definition of interjections form the grammatical point of view; moreover, it describes the distinction between proper and improper interjections. Subsequently, it goes through the role of interjections in the field of pragmatics, especially in terms of interpretation of the utterance and expression of its modal meanings. According to the predominant function, they are classified into mainly three categories - expressive, apellative and phatic. The practical part is focused on analysing some of the most important Spanish proper interjections: eh, ah, oh, ay, bah, uy, ja, zas, pum, hum and uf and their Catalan equivalent eh, ah, oh, ai, bah, ui, ha ha, zas (or xac), pum, hum and uf. The analysis is based on the linguistic corpus InterCorp. The most important part of the practical part are Spanish interjections and their Czech equivalents, while the Catalan ones are considered complementary. Key words: interjections - Spanish - Czech - Catalan - modality - pragmatics - linguistic corpus
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The words from non-European languages in Spanish
Zemanová, Alena ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
The present work is dedicated to the words from non-European languages in Spanish. In concrete terms were object of my study loanwords from these languages: Hebrew, Arabic and Indian languages, which arejwere present in the territory of the Central and South America. Indian languages, they gaye most loanwords are Nahuatl, Quechua, Guaraní, Mapuche, Maya, Caribe, which are object of more detailed study.
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Language of internet
Šumpelová, Alexandra ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
The objective of this thesis was to investigate some typical features of language used in electronic communication, especially in short message service SMS and trace up some differences and resemblances between the norm of language and language of SMS. This thesis has two main parts - theoretical and analytical. The focus of the study is the practical part, which works primarily with linguistic redundancy and looking for strategies and methods for its removal. This redundancy is evident in all language levels, and only the removal of this redundancy can achieve the maximum economy of language. Emphasis is placed primarily on analysis of actual language SMS messages in terms of phonological, morphological and syntactic. In the theoretical part, we focused on brief sociolinguistic characteristics of the information society and the net generation. Furthermore, we have tried to characterize and isolate different types slang and argot in Czech and Spanish terminology, and the subsequent inclusion of the language style of information technologies and also in terms of functionality. In summary, the present paper offers a general overview of the study of Spanish used in electronic communication. On the one hand we study what elements is using Spanish for being more economics in the written form; on the other hand...
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Reflexive constructions in Spanish. Their function and use
Lindušková, Lenka ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
Presented thesis deals with reflexive constructions as can be seen ain its title. Starting from explaining the principle of reflexivity, the thesis describes sentences and enunciations which are constructed with the morpheme se. The reflexive constructions which are one of the most important points are devided into three main groups according to the Prague Syntactic School. It is always analysed if there is any real reflexive contain in every type of construction. Ethic dative is another important point of this work. It is devided into two types because in some cases it forces the expressivity of the sentence as a complex and in another cases it affects rather the concrete verbal expression. Examples of use were clasified into different thematic sections. There were defined some possible rules in the use of pronominal form of mentioned verbs. As this thesis should primarilly consider how the use of the pronoun se changes different structures, the sections which were mentioned yet are naturally composed regarding this point. The theme of ethic dative belongs here to the group of cases which are not so significantly affected by the application of the reflexive morpheme. Verbs ‚ir'/‚irse', ‚marchar'/‚marcharse', ‚salir'/‚salirse', ‚morir'/‚morirse', ‚venir',/‚venirse', are also included in this group. The...
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