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Eating disorders in females
TESKOVÁ, Veronika Michaela
The thesis focuses on the issue of anorexia nervosa and multifactorial influences on the development and course of this disorder in women. Anorexia nervosa is a serious mental illness that is influenced by many factors such as social, familial and psychological. The analysis of these factors is crucial for a deeper understanding of this disorder and a prerequisite for designing adequate comprehensive treatment. This thesis analyses each of these factors and presents therapeutic approaches to anorexia nervosa and ways of treating it. The research is based on semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions with female respondents suffering from anorexia nervosa.
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Eating disorders in boys nad young men
Zámečník, Jakub ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
The aim of this work is to summarize current knowledge of eating disorders in men. The theoretical part is trying to describe the key areas in which eating disorders differ between the sexes. Among the large number of small differences we can see also some major differences, especially radically different concept of the male ideal body image that causes most of the other differences. Therefore, the work paid attention to muscle dysmorphia, which occupies an important place on this issue. Although it is a multidisciplinary topic, thesis tries to target the areas related to psychology. The practical part is the research proposal, which aims to map a number of symptoms of eating disorders and muscle dysmorphia, body dissatisfaction and frequency of risk behaviors among college Czech non-clinical populations of men. It also seeks to describe some other relationships among these variables. Key words Eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, muscle dysmorphia, men, sociocultural pressure, body dissatisfaction
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The role of orexins in food intake and chosen pathological phenomena
Zelená, Anna ; Sumová, Alena (advisor) ; Balounová, Kateřina (referee)
Orexins are neuropeptides produced in the lateral hypothalamus in the brain and peripheral organs. These neuropeptides are essential in regulating arousal and energy balance. They also participate in the reward system and secure water homeostasis. Orexins bind to the orexin receptors differently expressed in various tissues. The binding of orexins to their receptors couples with downstream signalling pathways, e.g., Ca2+ , diacylglycerol and protein kinase C pathways. Low concentration of adenosine triphosphate leads to the inactivation of orexin-expressing neurons and the reduction of energy expenditure. On the contrary, high intracellular concertation of adenosine triphosphate activates energy expenditure. Food intake is regulated by orexins and glucose, sirtuin 1, forkhead box transcription factor 2, and leptin. This thesis aims to find connections between the role of orexins in regulating food intake and the development of some pathological phenomena, e.g., hypertension, obesity, and anorexia nervosa. Keywords orexin, obesity, anorexia nervosa, glucose, insulin, stress
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The role of gut microbiome and autoimmune mechanisms in patients with anorexia nervosa
Kovářová, Tereza ; Procházková, Petra (advisor) ; Hrdý, Jiří (referee)
In addition to gastroenterological diseases, changes in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota have been also described in several neurological and psychiatric diseases, including eating disorders. My intention in this work is to clarify whether changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota may be involved in the development of anorexia nervosa (AN) and whether there is a correlation between these changes and possible immunopathological reactions in patients with anorexia nervosa. The study included 30 acute patients (disease duration up to 3 years), 30 patients with a chronic course of the disease (duration longer than 7 years), and 30 healthy controls. The research included analysis of the gut microbiome using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and determination of serum levels of autoantibodies against selected neuropeptides regulating food intake (by ELISA). Furthermore, serum levels of biomarkers of microbial translocation through the intestinal barrier, intestinal cell damage, and inflammation were detected by ELISA. The levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured using Luminex instrument. We also introduced an experimental ABA (activity-based anorexia) mouse model, which may contribute significantly to further investigating mechanisms of anorexia...
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Eating disorders in pediatric patiens with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Jodasová, Daniela ; Floriánková, Marcela (advisor) ; Kosheleva, Svetlana (referee)
English abstract: Aim: The primary objective of my bachelor thesis was to find out, what proportion of pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of developing an eating disorder according to a standardized specialized questionnaire. Another aim of the work was to compare, whether the scores of these patients in the SCOFF questionnaire differ significantly, compared to their peers without diabetes. The secondary objectives were to determine, whether anthropometric data of patients and children from the control group correlated with the level of risk of eating disorder according to questionnaires and whether there is a correlation between the rate of diabetes control (expressed by glycated hemoglobin level and % glycaemia in the recommended range) and the results of the questionnaire survey in patients with diabetes. Methods: The data were obtained in a questionnaire survey in the diabetes outpatient department of Mrs. Jitka Kytnarová, MD, Ph.D. at the General University Hospital in Prague and in the diabetes outpatient department of Mrs. Magdalena Kubíková, MD at the Regional Hospital in Liberec. The questionnaire survey involved 36 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The control group, which was paired by age and gender, also included 36 children and adolescents. Data...
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The role of the social media at the development in the course and during recovery of an eating disorder
Doležalová, Adéla ; Rosenfeldová, Jana (advisor) ; Vranka, Marek (referee)
The prevalence and influence of social media, especially among the younger generation, are steadily increasing. Concerns about the potential negative impact on the mental health of users, especially those who are more sensitive and vulnerable to external influences, are also growing. The topic of this bachelor thesis is the role of social media in the development, in the course, and during recovery from an eating disorder. The theoretical part of the thesis provides an insight into eating disorders and social media and also outlines the possible positive and negative aspects that social networks bring in relation to the disorder. The practical part is conducted in the form of qualitative research, specifically in-depth interviews. The respondents are young women who have been diagnosed with an eating disorder in the past. They aim to provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between social media and eating disorders from the perspective of the affected individuals, to find out what role social media played in the different stages of their illness, as well as identify specific positive and negative factors that the use of social media in the context of ED brings.
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Eating disorders in students of dietetics and nutrition and the effect of nutrition on their nutritional status
ŠTĚPÁNOVÁ, Vendula
The bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of eating disorders in students of nutritional therapy and the influence of nutrition on their nutritional status. This work is focused on the issue of eating disorders (hereinafter referred to as "PPD") and their prevalence among nutritional therapy students and the consequences of eating disorders. These are now very widespread diseases that have not been talked about enough until now. Diseases mainly affect young people, but adults are no exception, as their treatment is both psychologically and often nutritionally difficult. The aim of the work is to determine the risk of pathological eating behavior in nutritional therapy students, how the diet of students with PPP and without PPP differs. Data and results are determined using the standardized questionnaires ORTO-15 and EAT-26 (Eating Attitudes Test-26) and using a self-administered questionnaire. The practical part also deals with the analysis of the obtained menus and then the eating habits of the students of the field of nutritional therapy according to whether they are/have been through PPP or not. Nutrition therapy students who underwent PPP show different eating behavior than students without PPP, especially in controlling their energy intake and reduced carbohydrate intake. Overall, 10.6 % of students achieved a pink score in the EAT-26 questionnaire and even 74 % in the ORTO-15 questionnaire. It is certainly advisable to continue to increase awareness of PPP among experts and the lay public.
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