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Quality of life of for seniors in residential social service facilities during the covid - 19 pandemic period
Ryšavá, Kateřina ; Jarolímová, Eva (advisor) ; Poláčková, Jana (referee)
Teoretická část/ Úvod V nedávné době se lidstvo potýkalo s příchodem virového onemocnění covid-19, a to v rozsahu pandemie. Nemoc a riziko nákazy se nedotýkalo pouze zdravotního stavu nás všech, ale zasahovalo významně do sociální oblasti, včetně psychologického na jednotlivce. Například, kvůli vládním zákazům, které z velké míry pozastavily chod naší země, byl narušen životní rytmus lidí, a to jak v životě osobním taktéž profesionálním. Řada rodin přišla o své výdělky, děti se nemohly setkávat se svými vrstevníky, což je pro vývoj dětí jednoznačně škodlivé, příbuzní se nemohli navštěvovat, staří lidé nemohli vídat své vnuky. Dá se tedy říci, že pandemie měla výrazně negativní psychologický dopad na jedince a celou společnost. Není předmětem této práce hodnotit, zda tato rozhodnutí, a v takovém rozsahu, měla spíše pozitivní efekt, protože měla na zřeteli zdravotní stav obyvatelstva nebo spíše dosáhla opaku. Takové hodnocení probíhá a analyzovat dopady této pandemie na společnost bude i věcí budoucnosti. Tato nemoc měla u mnoha pacientů lehký proběh, u některých tomu tak bohužel nebylo. Byly vymezeny tzv. rizikové skupiny co se zvýšeného rizika nákazy týče i průběhu onemocnění a jeho dopadu na lidský organismus. Obecně se dá říci, že zvýšené riziko onemocnění covid- 19 kromě dětí nejvíce postihlo seniory (z...
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Comparison of currently used cognitive screening tests in different types of neurodegenerative diseases
Janoušková, Nikola ; Jarolímová, Eva (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis aims to compare the commonly used cognitive screening tests such as Mini- Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Picture Naming and Immediate Recall Test (PICNIC) in a clinical population. Previous studies often focused on specific populations (e.g., patients with Alzheimer's disease), but this sample includes a wide spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases as well as individuals without noticeable cognitive deficit. Therefore, we were interested in examining the performance of these screening tests in this heterogeneous population. The theoretical part extensively describes mild cognitive impairment, various neurodegenerative diseases, and the employed tests. In the empirical part, the collected data from patients (N = 35) at a coeducational geropsychiatric department of the Psychiatric Hospital in Dobřany are presented. These data were subjected to statistical analyses to assess the normality of the sample distribution, relationships with demographic indicators, and correlations between the tests. Even in the utilized specific diverse sample, statistically significant correlations were found between the individual tests. Key words: neurodegeneration, screening tests, Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Picture Naming and...
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Development of a screening tool for cognitive impairments in older persons
Panenková, Erika ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Jarolímová, Eva (referee) ; Kulišťák, Petr (referee)
Development of a screening tool for detection of cognitive impairment in older persons Mgr. Erika Panenková Abstract Cognitive disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders in the elderly, while the prevalence in the population increases with age. Early detection of people at risk of dementia syndrome or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the basis for earlier pharmacological and non- pharmacological interventions. However, it is necessary to have a sufficiently sensitive screening tool to screen the cognitive status of the elderly over 60 years. This study focuses on the development and standardization of the screening test - the NANOK screen. With an average administration time of 3 minutes and 27 seconds, this tool will be used as a sufficiently reliable and valid tool for the use of general practitioners, neurologists, geriatrics, as well as clinical psychologists and psychologists in social services. In the research we offer a description of the development of the method (N = 540), a study on a healthy population (N = 187) and a clinical population (N = 97). The results are percentile norms and cut-off scores for different diagnostic situations: differentiation of the healthy population from a population with dementia syndrome and MCI; differentiation just MCI or just dementia syndrome. Since the...
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Training of visual selective attention in older adults
Frydrychová, Zuzana ; Georgi, Hana (advisor) ; Jarolímová, Eva (referee) ; Špatenková, Naděžda (referee)
Introduction: The effect of cognitive training on cognitive performance has been of interest to researchers for many years. Training is most often targeted at attention, working memory, or executive functions that are affected by age. The goal is usually not only to test whether it is possible to improve performance on the trained task, but also on other untrained tasks that are assumed to be related to the trained task. Given the aging of the population, these interventions are increasingly targeting the older adults. Aim: The study aims to examine the effects of training visual selective attention and working memory using Filter It - our version of the canonical Change Detection Task (CDT) for a mobile device, the tablet. Method: The sample consisted of 62 older adults aged 60-75 years, who were divided into experimental and active control group through the block randomization. The experimental group trained using the Filter It application, and the active control group trained using the Clouds application. The aim was to examine the effectiveness of a 6-week individual visual adaptive CDT training administered on a tablet, in terms of specific training improvements (Filter It - Colors and Shapes paradigms) and transfer effect on measures of working memory (Letter Number Sequencing, Visual...
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Caregiver Burden in Alzheimer'sDisease and ItsContext
Jarolímová, Eva ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Dragomirecká, Eva (referee) ; Jeřábek, Hynek (referee)
Due to its limiting effects on the independency of life, the Alzheimer's disease has a radical impact on a diseased person. Their dependency on others influences all their family members, though especially those ones, who are taking immediate part in the caregiving for their relatives. The new changes in the family caregivers' lifestyle have an extensive influence on their health and the care about the diseased itself. In this empirical study we intended to examine the presence and the intensity of a burden, an anxiety and a depression among the family caregivers, who are being provided with psychosocial and other professional help. It's a transverse survey among the 102 family caregivers caring for their relatives with diagnosed Alzheimer's disease or some other form of dementia. The caregivers were tested for the level of subjective burden by Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI) and for the anxiety and the depression by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the results were processed with the statistical analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient. In the study sample there were 83 % of women and 62 % of the caregivers were older than 50 years. According to our findings 86 % of people caring for less than 2 years and 89 % of people caring...
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