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Public Opinion Toward the Tissues and Organs Removal for Transplantation Purposes
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Nikola
The bachelor thesis 'Public Opinion Toward the Tissues and Organs Removal for Transplantation Purposes', as the title suggests, aims at examining the public opinion on the given topic. The objective of the paper was to research how the society perceives the removal of tissues and organs, as well as the level of public awareness in this field. The bachelor thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretic part is dealing with the current conditions of the tissues and organs removal for the purposes of transplantation. This part is divided into three main chapters. Main topics covered by the bachelor thesis are the medical, ethical and legal issues related to the tissues and organs removal. The aim of the practical part was to examine the public opinion on the removal of tissues and organs for the purposes of transplantation. Another objective was to find out whether the society is sufficiently informed about the issue, mainly from the legal point of view. Given the fact that the law 285/2002 Sb. (the transplant law), which has changed the field fundamentally, was introduced almost 12 years ago, I was interested whether the public has sufficient information on the principles of the assumed agreement with the organ and tissue removal. The two determined hypotheses were: Hypothesis 1. The public agrees with the removal of tissues and organs for the purposes of transplantation as a way of saving someone´s life. Hypothesis 2. The majority of respondents does not want to be registered in the National Register of Persons Refusing Posthumous Donation of Tissues and Organs (NROD).The thesis highlighted some issues concerning the removal of tissues and organs for the purpose of transplantation and examined opinions and the level of knowledge of the public in the health-related, ethical and legal matters.
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Is import of goods from european countries to Czech republic more or less influenced by changes in nominal and real exchange rates than in non european countries?
Vereš, Jan ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the connection between import of goods from foreign countries to Czech Republic and the exchange rate changes. The initial hypothesis of this paper is to prove that the depreciation of domestic currency has positive influence on balance of trade balance. For this purpose there is eight econometric models which were created by using time series from years 2003 to 2016. These models are divided in pairs among four chosen countries. For each country two models were created that follow the development of trade balance between Czech Republic and one of the countries in two different time frames. All the models always use the real effective exchange rate, growth rate of GDP for Czech Republic and growth rate of GDP for one of the countries as explanatory variable. It is connected with the second task of this thesis, which is the analysis of the differences in the behaviour of the models that belong to the countries which are members of the EU and these that are not. The aim is to find out whether the existence of tariffs on imported goods from countries out of the EU causes visible differences in the behaviour of the variables that were included in the models. Based on the outcomes of all eight models the main hypothesis has been proved right for three out of four countries. In the models for Germany, China and France the relation of real exchange rate and trade balance came out as positive in long term, in short term the outcome was ambiguous. The second question of this thesis has been answered, but its added value is questionable. The final models for each state do show some noticeable differences and they can be used to determine if the influence of the change of exchange rates on trade balance is smaller or bigger in the countries where tariffs are used. On the other hand, from the results we can learn that the sample of only four countries is insufficient for the deduction of any conclusions.
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The value of life from macroenomic point of view in United States of America, Czech republic and Russia between years 2007-2014
Antoš, Michal ; Zeman, Martin (advisor) ; Brabec, Petr (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is the research of the value of life calculation in the Czech republic, United states of America and Russia in 2007-2014.The main purpose is to analyze and compare values of life and major factors influencing them. The hypothesis is that value of life differs in selected countries due to distinctions of sections influencing them. The theoretical part is devoted to sections directly or indirectly influencing values of life, and then analyzing and comparing them together within the selected countries. The selected sections are education, health care, labor market, inequality and living standards. The practical thesis approach is to calculate the values of life for the individual states. The values of life are calculated for so called, representative individual, who is 40-years old citizen of selected country. In the period, in which is the value of life calculated, the retirement age and life expectancy are also considered in formula. Calculated values are examined and the economic and political measures are offered to the states, which can turn into significant increases in the value of life in future.
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Tax and legal issues of real-estate business in Austria
Banctel, Kristýna ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
The purpose of this study is to compare tax and civil-law issues concerning property business in Austria and in Czech Republic in 2016 and to investigate the efficiency of the current legislation against the real estate bubble. The theoretical part of this study contains selected demographic and price statistics concerning real estate in both countries and focuses on the description of the existing law currently in effect in both compared countries. The practical part analyses tax and transactions costs that concern property trading and a comparison of possibilities of amortisations and rentability of a rented flat in both countries.
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The possibilities and conditions for the use of tools for analyzing customer behavior on social networks
Horák, Vít ; Molnár, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Měsíček, Libor (referee)
The thesis deals with free tools that can be used to analyze customers of SMB e-commerce enterprises on the social network Facebook in order to increase their competitiveness within the social network. The theoretical part focuses on defining key terms, distinguishes types of social media and describes present social networks situation in world and in the Czech Republic from a users perspective and in the Czech Republic also from an enterprises perspective. Furthermore, the theoretical part also deals with possibilities that social networks can offer to the SMB enterprises. And as well it identifies different types of analytical tools that can be used for purposes of monitoring customers or analysis of customers. In the beginning of the practical part there is introduced the company Dobrutka.EU s.r.o. (the e commerce B2C company). Afterwards is presented the analysis of the survey about how SMB companies that operate the best Czech e-shops monitor and analyze their activities and customers from the social network Facebook. Subsequently there is handled the selection of appropriate tools for SME companies, which are also analyzed in the following chapter. At the end of the practical part there is practical application of knowledge from the thesis to Dobrutka.EU s.r.o. through the design and pilot deployment of appropriate procedures and analytic tools, whose effectiveness is evaluated at the end of chapter. The main benefit is in act of finding and verification of free tools and effective method that allows for detailed analysis of company customers even for micro companies and thus also effectively achieve positive economic results even in emerging facebook presentations.
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Political marketing in the pre-election period
Baghdasarjan, Inesa ; Müller, Karel (advisor) ; Fleissner, Kamil (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze strategies of political marketing of the Czech Social Democratic Party and the political movement ANO 2011 in the Czech regional elections 2016. Furthermore, the work aims to analyze their media image in selected economic and political weeklies (Euro, Respect and Week). This thesis will attempt to answer the following questions through content analysis and qualitative interviews: What were the main differences in political strategies of those political parties? Were there some variations in interpretation of their media images in the selected magazines? The thesis is structured into four chapters. The first chapter defines the main terminology of political marketing. The second one is devoted to media-politics relations and to the Czech media. The third analytical part characterizes marketing strategies of the political parties. The last chapter interprets the results of content analysis.
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The Effect of System of Financial Reporting on Financial Performance of Business Corporation
Prokešová, Gabriela ; Strouhal, Jiří (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis deals with the effect of system of financial reporting on financial performance of business corporation. Czech accounting regulations and International financial reporting standards are compared within the framework of system of financial reporting. The effect on financial performance is then analysed through financial analysis. In theoretical-methodological part the terminology, approaches and methods used in individual systems are defined and then comparative analysis is performed. Theoretical definition of financial analysis follows and then basic information about business corporation is mentioned, which begins the practical part. Then financial analysis of the firm is performed whereas data are analysed separately for every system. The purpose of this thesis is to point out different values of indicators of financial analysis coming from differences of analysed systems of financial reporting through concrete business corporation and to explain their cause.
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Clustering and regression analysis of micro panel data
Sobíšek, Lukáš ; Pecáková, Iva (advisor) ; Komárek, Arnošt (referee) ; Brabec, Marek (referee)
The main purpose of panel studies is to analyze changes in values of studied variables over time. In micro panel research, a large number of elements are periodically observed within the relatively short time period of just a few years. Moreover, the number of repeated measurements is small. This dissertation deals with contemporary approaches to the regression and the clustering analysis of micro panel data. One of the approaches to the micro panel analysis is to use multivariate statistical models originally designed for crosssectional data and modify them in order to take into account the within-subject correlation. The thesis summarizes available tools for the regression analysis of micro panel data. The known and currently used linear mixed effects models for a normally distributed dependent variable are recapitulated. Besides that, new approaches for analysis of a response variable with other than normal distribution are presented. These approaches include the generalized marginal linear model, the generalized linear mixed effects model and the Bayesian modelling approach. In addition to describing the aforementioned models, the paper also includes a brief overview of their implementation in the R software. The difficulty with the regression models adjusted for micro panel data is the ambiguity of their parameters estimation. This thesis proposes a way to improve the estimations through the cluster analysis. For this reason, the thesis also contains a description of methods of the cluster analysis of micro panel data. Because supply of the methods is limited, the main goal of this paper is to devise its own two-step approach for clustering micro panel data. In the first step, the panel data are transformed into a static form using a set of proposed characteristics of dynamics. These characteristics represent different features of time course of the observed variables. In the second step, the elements are clustered by conventional spatial clustering techniques (agglomerative clustering and the C-means partitioning). The clustering is based on a dissimilarity matrix of the values of clustering variables calculated in the first step. Another goal of this paper is to find out whether the suggested procedure leads to an improvement in quality of the regression models for this type of data. By means of a simulation study, the procedure drafted herein is compared to the procedure applied in the kml package of the R software, as well as to the clustering characteristics proposed by Urso (2004). The simulation study demonstrated better results of the proposed combination of clustering variables as compared to the other combinations currently used. A corresponding script written in the R-language represents another benefit of this paper. It is available on the attached CD and it can be used for analyses of readers own micro panel data.
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Use of Interest Rate Models for Interest Rate Risk Management in the Czech Financial Market Environment
Cíchová Králová, Dana ; Arlt, Josef (advisor) ; Cipra, Tomáš (referee) ; Witzany, Jiří (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to suggest an appropriate approach to interest rate risk modeling in the Czech financial market environment in various situations. Three distinct periods are analyzed. These periods, which are the period before the global financial crisis, period during the financial crisis and in the aftermath of the global financial crisis and calming subsequent debt crisis in the eurozone, are characterized by different evaluation of liquidity and credit risk, different relationship between financial variables and market participants and different degree of market regulations. Within this goal, an application of the BGM model in the Czech financial market environment is crucial. Use of the BGM model for the purpose of predicting a dynamics of a yield curve is not very common. This is firstly due to the fact that primary use of this model is a valuation of interest rate derivatives while ensuring the absence of arbitrage and secondly its application is relatively difficult. Nevertheless, I apply the BGM model to obtain predictions of the probability distributions of interest rates in the Czech and eurozone market environment, because its complexity, direct modeling of a yield curve based on market rates and especially a possibility of parameter estimation based on current swaptions volatilities quotations may lead to a significant improvement of predictions. This improvement was also confirmed in this thesis. Use of swaptions volatilities market quotations is especially useful in the period of unprecedented mone- tary easing and increased number of central banks and other regulators interventions into financial markets that occur after the financial crisis, because it reflects current market expectations which also include future interventions. As a consequence of underdevelopment of the Czech financial market there are no market quotations of Czech koruna denominated swaptions volatilities. I suggest their approximations based on quotations of euro denominated swaptions volatilities and also using volatilities of koruna and euro forward rates. Use of this approach ensures that predictions of the Czech yield curve dynamics contain current market expectations. To my knowledge, any other author has not presented similar application of the BGM model in the Czech financial market environment. In this thesis I further predict a Czech and Euro area money market yield curve dynamics using the CIR and the GP models as representatives of various types of interest rates models to compare these predictions with BGM predictions. I suggest a comprehensive system of three criteria, based on comparison of predicti- ons with reality, to describe a predictive power of selected models and an appropria- teness of their use in the Czech market environment during different situations in the market. This analysis shows that predictions of the Czech money market yield curve dynamics based on the BGM model demonstrate high predictive power and the best 8 quality in comparison with other models. GP model also produces relatively good qua- lity predictions. Conversely, predictions based on the CIR model as a representative of short rate model family completely failed when describing reality. In a situation when the economy allows negative rates and there is simultaneously a significant likelihood of their implementation, I recommend to obtain predictions of Czech money market yield curve dynamics using GP model which allows existence of negative interest rates. This analysis also contains a statistical test for validating the predictive power of each model and information on other tests. Berkowitz test rejects a hypothesis of accurate predictions for each model. However, this fact is common in real data testing even when using relatively good model. This fact is especially caused by difficult fulfilment of test conditions in real world. To my knowledge, such an analysis of the predictive power of selected interest rate models moreover in the Czech financial market environment has not been published yet. The last goal of this thesis is to suggest an appropriate approach to obtaining pre- dictions of Czech government bonds risk premium dynamics. I define this risk premium as a difference between government bond yields and fixed rate of CZK IRS with the same length. I apply the GP model to describe the dynamics of this indicator of the Czech Republic credit risk. In order to obtain a time series of the risk premium which are necessary for estimation of GP model parameters I firstly estimate yield curves of Czech government bonds using Svensson model for each trading day since 2005. Resulting si- mulations of risk premium show that the GP model predicts the real development of risk premiums of all maturities relatively well. Hence, the proposed approach is suitable for modeling of Czech Republic credit risk based on the use of information extracted from financial markets. I have not registered proposed approach to risk premium modeling moreover in the Czech financial market environment in other publications.
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Multimedia communication
Vondra, Zdeněk ; Horný, Stanislav (advisor) ; Skrbek, Jan (referee) ; Jurášková, Olga (referee)
Multimedia is a form of communication and sharing knowledge using synergic effect of parallel connected communication channels. Its main use is in producing communications products and services and in design of user interfaces. Main objective of this dissertation is to develop and create a model of multimedia communication for better understanding of the meaning and the purpose of using multimedia forms in communication process. The model will describe a system of elements and parameters of multimedia communication within the internal and external context. Another objective of this dissertation is to develop multimedia communication methodology that will be used for the design, development and evaluations of concepts of multimedia communication. The methodology will be created by applying the model of multimedia communication into the procedure structure. In theoretical way this dissertation is based on analysis of different definitions and approaches to the multimedia communications topic. This is followed by an analysis of communication theories, concepts of media, multimedia, delivery channels, and communication functions. The theoretical part is followed by the outcomes of the research in practice of four different fields of multimedia use. The knowledge gained is analyzed in the following parts in purpose of creating the model of multimedia communication and the methodology which is derived from the model. The methodology is further validated through case studies and the recommendations for further development are formulated. The model and the methodology of multimedia communication created in this dissertation present complex view on multimedia communication topic that is considered as a useful tool for meeting a specific communication purpose. Dissertation provides mechanics for use and study of multimedia communication and also defines the opportunities for further development of the methodology.
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