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Proximity to help matters: the effect of access to centers of legal aid on bankruptcy rates
Hrehová, Kristína ; Domonkos, Š.
Personal bankruptcy aims to provide a fresh start to debtors. While bankruptcy is often the only solution to financial distress, large spatial distance to affordable legal services may result in its underuse by eligible debtors. Using a large administrative dataset of personal bankruptcies, we study the impact of spatial distance from public Centers for Legal Aid (CLAs) on the regional incidence of personal bankruptcy in Slovakia. We avoid endogeneity by focusing on the increased availability of legal aid controlling for the expected distance from the nearest CLA, which serves as the first contact point in the process of filing for personal bankruptcy in the Slovak Republic. Distance from these legal aid centers has a significant impact on personal bankruptcy rates: the closer the nearest CLA is, the larger the prevalence of personal bankruptcy is in a given municipality. We quantify the impact of service access on personal bankruptcy rates, showing that improved access to free legal aid has both a statistically and substantively significant impact on the use of personal bankruptcy by the public. At the end of the almost 3-year-long period analyzed, municipalities with good access to CLAs had 3.3 bankruptcies more per 1,000 inhabitants than municipalities with weak access to CLAs. This effect is significant, as the average national bankruptcy rate until December 2019 reached 6.3 bankruptcies per 1,000 persons.
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Effect of the 2020 parental benefit increase in the Czech Republic on labor supply
Šarboch, Matěj ; Pertold, Filip (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
Family policies can have significant impacts on individuals' behaviour in the labor mar- ket. Parental benefits policies are a prominent example. In 2020, the Czech government increased the amount of benefits paid out to parents from 220,000 CZK to 300,000 CZK. This thesis studies the effects of this reform on parents' labor supply using a difference- in-differences identification and the Labor force survey collected by the Czech Statistical Office. The results show that mothers with their youngest child being 2 or 3 years old significantly decreased their usual weekly hours worked as well as their labor force par- ticipation rate as a result of this reform. Mothers with a university degree and mothers with only one child are the most affected groups. This thesis is the first analysis of this reform and it contributes to the existing literature on effects of family policy changes and also serves as the public policy evaluation.
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On the Relationship Between Metaphor and Technology: a Comparative Study on Nanotechnology
Kotlík, Pavel ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Vincent, Bernadette Bensaude (referee) ; Konrad, Kornelia (referee)
At the turn of the millennium, the most developed countries began to take interest in nanotechnology, that is, technologies defined by their precise nanometer-level functionality, but also by their substantial, realised, or anticipated changes in industry and medicine. At the European policy level, nanotechnology has become part of the pan-national governance principle, accompanied however by low public awareness of the benefits and risks. Nanotechnology engenders gradual, albeit very controversial transformations where actors adopt various communication strategies. The dissertation presents an analysis of the relationship between metaphor and nanotechnology. Neither metaphor nor nanotechnology is a neutral resource to be freely exploited, but both have significant implications for the strategic efforts of actors who use them. The study has the objective of exploring the social representations of nanotechnology in the various local (cultural) contexts of their medialisation and investigating the isomorphism which exists between metaphorical structures and the evolution of nanotechnology controversies. The theoretical part considers the role of metaphors in constructing social representations of nanotechnology and in translating between there and then and here and now. These representations and...
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The Ways and Means of The Communal Family Policy in Prague
Pašková, Miroslava ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Eva (referee)
Author deals with possibility of making communal family policy in Prague. Author shows the drafts, how such kind of policy can be developped. The first part of this study offers analysis of conteporary stage in the several levels - stakeholders analysis, where the key stakehlders, their attitudes, reciprocial relations and ways of communication are marked out. Another part of analysis is the comparison analysis - the specific characteristics of the city districts are analysed, as well as the characteristisc of the regions and the Capital of the Slovák Republic, Bratislava. The secondary data are ušed as well as the primary data derived from the author's research. The second part of the study deals with the designs of the communal family policy in Prague and the description of the policy tools, according to the findings another methods are ušed - e.g. construction of the problems and goals trees and the future scenarios. There are many supplements in the study, mainly the tabs, schemes and other materials in the appendix.
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Mental Health Care i the Czech Republic: Problems and solutions
Skalník, Michal ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Háva, Petr (referee)
Problems of mental health care in the Czech republic have been defined in the early nineties. Yet after nineteen years of progress in this area, these problems are still major topics in mental health care policy documents. Main purpose of diploma paper is therefore to analyse mental health care problems and at the same time also might-be solutions. Mental health care problems definitions as conceptualized in mental helth care policy documents are found to be plausible. Though the amount of supportive data is sufficent, there are differences in decisiveness of some arguments. Available solutions are brought up and described in various manners in order to show their own logic, rules and after all their usability. Final conclusions consider the roles and responsiblities of various policy actors.
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On the Relationship Between Metaphor and Technology: a Comparative Study on Nanotechnology
Kotlík, Pavel ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Vincent, Bernadette Bensaude (referee) ; Konrad, Kornelia (referee)
At the turn of the millennium, the most developed countries began to take interest in nanotechnology, that is, technologies defined by their precise nanometer-level functionality, but also by their substantial, realised, or anticipated changes in industry and medicine. At the European policy level, nanotechnology has become part of the pan-national governance principle, accompanied however by low public awareness of the benefits and risks. Nanotechnology engenders gradual, albeit very controversial transformations where actors adopt various communication strategies. The dissertation presents an analysis of the relationship between metaphor and nanotechnology. Neither metaphor nor nanotechnology is a neutral resource to be freely exploited, but both have significant implications for the strategic efforts of actors who use them. The study has the objective of exploring the social representations of nanotechnology in the various local (cultural) contexts of their medialisation and investigating the isomorphism which exists between metaphorical structures and the evolution of nanotechnology controversies. The theoretical part considers the role of metaphors in constructing social representations of nanotechnology and in translating between there and then and here and now. These representations and...
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Cybersecurity for Outer Space - A Transatlantic Study
Perrichon, Lisa ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
Cyber attacks can target any nodes of the space infrastructure, and while these attacks are called non-violent, there is a credible capability to use cyber attacks to cause direct or indirect physical damage, injury or death. However, the vulnerability of satellites and other space assets to cyber attack is often overlooked, which is a significant failing given society's substantial and ever increasing reliance on satellite technologies. Through a policy analysis, this dissertation assess the set of political provisions provided by the European Union to address the cyber security issue of the space infrastructure. Such study aims at exploring the geopolitical consequences linked to space cyber security risks, and at assessing the political preparedness of the European Union to address these challenges. The perspective of transatlantic cooperation to further support both American and European effort to tackle this security risk is also addressed. The overarching value of the study is to contribute to future European cyber security for space and transatlantic debates by providing useful perspectives and key takeaways on these two domains. Ultimately, he existing set of policies are not sufficient to address the cyber security issue in Outer Space, a unified approach by the European Union and the United...
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Analytical approaches of selected public policy counselling documents from domain of homelessness
Poláková, Alžběta ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Smidová, Michaela (referee)
This thesis is focused on homelessness problem, particularly on documents of counting of people hit by this problem of public policy. Aim of this thesis is to identify and evaluate analytical approaches used by fourteen big cities in the Czech Republic, in the process of counting homeless there. At first this paperwork brings information about policy analysis and its ways of use in our country, with focus on advisory documents, which documents of counting belong. Further, I discuss problem of homelessness and the ways of understanding it in context of this thesis. Other chapters are dedicated to two disciplines from social sciences field - Public policy, and Social and Cultural anthropology. These served as optics for identification of analytical approaches via their key characteristics. I also mention interdisciplinarity as "canopy" for my own approach towards this topic. By using method of content analysis this work elicits in detail the ways in how the counting in above mentioned cities done in 2007-2017 and how these results may contribute to interdisciplinary solution of the given problem. The last chapter gives outcomes based on analysis, which implicates diversity of concepts used in these documents, their aims and methods, and also possible suggestions for applications of the achieved...
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