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Power - plant
Studený, Jan ; Severa, Zdeněk (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
The "POWER - PLANT" deals with the rehabilitation of the former Central Power Conversion and Dale Schoeller (Nejedly I and III) in the village Libušín Mine. Will be newly designed for building the power plant technology with progressive fluidized bed boiler to biomass steam turbine with an output of 7 MW and absorption (trigeneration) unit producing heat, cooling and electricity, which also will function as a cooler primary circuits. The source of water for the power plant will not only former mining pit Nejedlý I which is currently flooded drinking water at about 12 ° C. This system uses high efficiency embedded fuel (biomass), which is ultimately required less. A greater proportion of electricity generated and part of the heat will be distributed to the public network. In most areas will be proposed publicly accessible greenhouses of steel-aluminum construction filled ETFE foil forming the heat insulating membrane filled with air. The reason is to create conditions for the cultivation of tropical and subtropical plants. Greenhouses will be connected to the absorption unit power (underground meanders through which water will circulate), the ventilation shaft mine and mine water - therefore it will be possible to manage the conditions of the internal environment of the building without the influence of the season and especially without mounting other technological devices. It will provide for cooperation with the absorption unit for cooling the primary circuit - therefore eliminating the need for cooling towers or fans. The project will build a detached departments of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Prague - Institute of progressive technologies and systems for energy and the Faculty of Agronomy and Natural Resources CULS. The reason is to allow students and scientists actively and in practice mainly participate in the operation and especially the development of the issue. The public in the area besides themselves open to the greenhouses indoor and outdoor thermal swimming. Part of the entrance hall is a bistro and foremost lecture hall. The aim is decentralized botanical-energy complex of buildings that produce electricity, heat, cooling, and biomass, and creating recreational, educational and research conditions.
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Energy supply for greenhouse production
Najbrtová, Zuzana ; Poláčik, Ján (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The import of the vegetable has prevailed in the long run over the own production. In connection with this reality and increasing demand for the food with higher quality the production greenhouse is more often built. The providing heat, cold and electricity for the year-round operation is related to the construction and working of these objects. The theoretical part of this theses describes possible ways how to cover energy consumption for the model greenhouse in Kožichovice, Třebíč region. The heat losses and the year-round heat consumption were stated for the selected model and compared with the exact values from Kožichovice. The following method of energy supply was selected based on the calculated energy consumption - the separate cogeneration unit, cooperation of several cogeneration units, a biogas station, a heat pump and central heating system. These methods of energy supply were subjected to technical and economical comparison.
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Ventilation and air conditioning of apartment building
Kroupa, Petr ; Horká, Lucie (referee) ; Hirš, Jiří (advisor)
The purpose of my diploma thesis is to propose the air condition to apartments. The work is divided into two parts. The first part describes the climate of the internal spaces, its forms, what it is influenced by and what way it influences the human. It analyzes natural and indoor ventilations. The second part desings air condition to concrete flat, technical report including the mechanical drawings and technical paper of used products.
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Increasing the energy efficiency of industrial heating plant
Spišák, Lukáš ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis consists of two parts. The introductory chapters are devoted to the basic description of cogeneration and trigeneration technologies, focusing on the description of cogeneration units and cooling devices. The second part of the thesis compares two specific ways of using cogeneration units and gas boilers in the CHEMOSVIT ENERGOCHEM a.s. in the town Svit. Subsequently, both variants are evaluated energetically and economically.
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Teplotní adaptace trávicích enzymů želvušek žijících v trvale chladném prostředí
JOZIĆ, Nikola
This thesis presents a literature review of the phylum Tardigrada, exploring the impact of cold temperatures on living organisms in general and focusing on adaptations of organisms to cold and freezing, particularly in terms of enzymatic adaptations. The experimental part of this work involves comparing the enzymatic activity of the -glucosidase enzyme in tardigrades from Arctic glacier (Svalbard) and soil tardigrades from a temperate climate (Czech Republic) at different temperatures. The results showed higher enzymatic activity in tardigrades from a temperate climate at all measured temperatures, suggesting that the enzymes of glacier dwelling tardigrades are not cold adapted.
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Cold in combat sports with a focus on Muay Thai
Klepetko, Vít ; Majorová, Simona (advisor) ; Nováková, Pavlína (referee)
Title: Cold in combat sports with a focus on Muay Thai Objectives: Based on a review of the scientific literature, determine the effect of cold on markers of muscle damage (CK and LDH) and physical performance, in combat sports training, with a focus on Thai boxing. Methods: The presented study is processed in the form of systematic research. Scientific databases Scopus, PubMed, SportDISCUS and Web of Science were used to search for studies. Using appropriately chosen keywords, a search script was created that retrieved a total of 61 studies. Subsequently, an analysis of the studies searched by the script and their selection using the established criteria was carried out. A total of 9 studies were selected, which were used to fulfill the objective of the study. Results: The results of the influence of a cold environment on the level of CK in the blood have not been clearly determined. More clear results were obtained by comparing the values of the LDH level in the blood, presented by selected studies. In most studies, there was a reduction in LDH blood levels after the intervention and none of them had negative effects. A decrease in performance was found immediately after the intervention, with a recovery to baseline values after 24 h. Greater consistency in the performance of the CWI group than...
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Hormonal responses to cold stress
Šturma, Vít ; Vaňková, Radomíra (advisor) ; Tylová, Edita (referee)
Low temperatures are an increasingly common stress factor for plants. Sudden and intense temperature fluctuations are thus a serious cause for lower crop yields. For this reason, it is important to understand what mechanisms are used by plants to defend themselves against damage caused by cold and freezing. An important component of this defence is represented by plant hormones, phytohormones, which create a complex network of signalling pathways. Phytohormones then control via their signalling pathways plant responses to cold stress. A few phytohormones affect the plant ability to cope with the cold stress, and the interactions among all these phytohormones are important for an efficient response to cold and freezing. Recently, research has revealed that the complex signalling network has a greater impact than previously thought. The phytohormone research in relation to cold stress responses is attracting more and more attention. The main aim of this thesis is to summarize the current knowledge on the role of phytohormones in the responses to cold stress. The thesis describes the signalling pathways of individual phytohormones and clarifies how the components of these pathways are involved in the response to cold stress. Also, the dynamics of phytohormone levels and signalling components in...
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of TRPC5 regulation
Ptáková, Alexandra ; Vlachová, Viktorie (advisor) ; Tureček, Rostislav (referee)
The TRPC5 ion channel is a molecular cold detector involved in the development of neuro- pathic and inflammatory pain in the peripheral nervous system. Its possible involvement in the mechanisms of the development of cold allodynia emerging as a side effect of chemotherapeutic treatment has not yet been investigated. The activation properties of the human TRPC5 receptor expressed in HEK293T cells in the context of exposure to low temperatures and oxaliplatin - widely used cytostatic drug, which side effects often manifest as a peripheral neuropathy trig- gered or enhanced by cold temperatures, were investigated using patch clamp electrophysiology and calcium imaging. Molecular modelling was used to explore possible mechanisms of action of oxaliplatin and lysophosphatidylcholine 18:1 whose levels are increased after oxaliplatin treatment. Low temperature (5 řC) decreased the amplitude of agonist-evoked membrane cur- rent responses and slowed down their deactivation. Analysis of single-channel recordings re- vealed increased open probability of the channel as well as prolonged mean open dwell time and reduced mean closed dwell time upon cooling. The highest temperature sensitivity of the gating of the channel was approximately between 16-11 řC with the corresponding value of the temperature...
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The effect of season on mitochondrial swelling of rat heart after cold acclimation
Kašík, Petr ; Horníková, Daniela (advisor) ; Holzerová, Kristýna (referee)
Risk of death from cardiovascular disease is substantially increased throughout winter season and by exposure of organism to acute cold stress. However, several studies have suggested that some cold acclimation models could act cardioprotectively. The thesis is focused on effects of acute and chronic cold acclimation on swelling of rat heart mitochondria. Mitochondrial swelling is, besides other things, caused by massive influx of Ca2+ into the mitochondria especially during ischemia-reperfusion injury. By that, mitochondria permeability transition pore is being opened and subsequently, this could end up in mitochondrial burst and cell death, eventually. Lower rate of mitochondrial swelling indicates greater mitochondrial resistance. The results express higher mitochondrial resistance after acute cold exposure and chronic cold acclimation. Key words: cold, mitochondria, Ca2+ ions, swelling, MPTP, myocardium, ROS, ischemia
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Algal and Cyanobacterial Adaptations to Low Temperature and Desiccation
Jimel, Matouš ; Elster, Josef (advisor) ; Košťál, Vladimír (referee)
Algae and cyanobacteria, due of their evolutionary antiquity, are widely distributed primary producers that can withstand extreme environmental stresses. Low temperature, freezing and melting, and desiccation and rewetting, are common stresses prevalent mainly in polar regions and in winter seasons of temperate areas. In terms of physiological effects, these types of stresses share similar effects or are closely related to one another. Low temperatures and desiccation exert a variety of stresses that need to be negated or lessened by adaptations. Specifically, adaptations to chill, freeze, and desiccation stresses will be discussed, as well as strategies that allow for stress avoidance or resistant morphological adaptations. In this thesis, characteristics, functions and mechanisms of these adaptations and stresses are reviewed, as well as potential biotechnological uses of said adaptations. Key words: algae, cyanobacteria, freezing, chill, desiccation, abiotic stress, cryoprotectants, osmoprotectants, akinetes, cryoinjury
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